Unit Test
Unit testing is about testing your code during development, not in production. Typically you start by preparing the testing environment, writing some code that calls production code and check expected results with actual results.
http://lua-users.org/wiki/UnitTesting
单元测试是在开发过程中测试你的代码， 不是放在产品中测试。
典型步骤：
1 开始准备测试环境
2 写一些代码调用产品功能代码
3 检验期望的结果和实际结果是否相符
各类测试框架
Lua has several frameworks to do that:
- [lunit]
- Fork with Lua 5.2 support: [lunitx]
- [Lunity] (similar to lunit, but can only run a single file and doesn't distinguish between errors and test assertions)
- [lunatest] (upwardly compatible from lunit, but no dependencies, and also supports randomized testing)
- [LuaUnit] (supports Lua 5.1 and 5.2, no dependencies, see below)
- [Shake] - source preprocessing using basic assert-like syntax (see below)
- [build-test-deploy (BTD)] - Unit testing inspired by jUnit and originally based on LuaUnit
- [luaspec][1] - Behavior Driven Development (BDD) test framework
- [PenLight pl.test] - PenLightLibraries? has a very small unit testing library, mostly for internal testing. See the Penlight tests [here]
- [telescope] - A highly customizable test library for Lua that allows for declarative tests with nested contexts. Uses BDD-style spec names.
- [lua-TestMore] - port of the Perl5 module Test::More (Test Anything Protocol).
- [busted] - Behavior Driven Development (BDD) unit testing library, with various outputs formats including TAP and focus on elegance.
- [gambiarra] - Ultimately minimal unit testing library for Lua 5.1 and Lua 5.2.
- [Testy] - Lua script for minimal unit testing on Lua 5.1/5.2/5.3 that collects test functions from local variables.
They have mostly the same feature set, which is:
- a special set of assert functions
- facilities to group tests into test suites
- facilities to detect where test fails
测试框架大都有相同的特性集合:
1 assert函数的特殊集合
2 将测试分组为若干测试套件
3 检测测试失败的代码点
框架比较
http://lua-users.org/wiki/UnitTesting
| 名称 | 地址 | 最近发布时间 | 是否支持group | 测试用例写法 | 支持lua版本 |
| LuaUnit | https://github.com/bluebird75/luaunit |
Version 3.2 - 12. Jul 2016 |
是 | OOP & 函数 | Lua 5.1, LuaJIT 2.0, LuaJIT 2.1 beta, Lua 5.2 and Lua 5.3 |
|
https://www.mroth.net/lunit/ | 5. November 2009: Lunit Version 0.5 released. | 否 | 函数 | Lua 5.1 |
busted |
http://olivinelabs.com/busted/#spies-mocks-stubs |
v2.0.rc11-0 28 Oct 2015 |
BDD | lua >= 5.1, moonscript, terra, and LuaJIT >= 2.0.0. | |
lunatest |
https://github.com/silentbicycle/lunatest |
v0.9.5 3 Apr 2014 |
是（同时支持分文件管理） | OOP & 函数 | Upgrade to Lua 5.2, but keep compatible with Lua 5.1 |
luaspec |
https://github.com/mirven/luaspec | BDD | |||
Lunity |
https://github.com/Phrogz/Lunity | v0.10 15 Feb 2014 | 否 | 函数 | Lua 5.1 |
从表中看出， luaUnit 最活跃， 支持lua版本最多， 测试用例的写法最灵活。
lunatest其中测试用例可以拆分为子文件的方法，对庞大测试用例维护有好处。
BDD（行为驱动开发）领域 BUSTED最为成熟，和活跃， 文档最完善。
luaUnit 测试DEMO
文档：
http://luaunit.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ 含有接口介绍
https://github.com/bluebird75/luaunit
说明：
1、 setup 和 teardown在没个测试函数之前和之后都会执行。
2、 以test为开头的函数都会被执行。
#!/usr/bin/env lua
local lu = require('luaunit')
TestToto = {} --class
function TestToto:setUp()
-- set up tests
self.a =
self.s = 'hop'
self.t1 = {,,}
self.t2 = {one=,two=,three=}
self.t3 = {,,three=}
end
function TestToto:test1_withFailure()
-- print( "some stuff test 1" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
-- will fail
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
end
function TestToto:test2_withFailure()
-- print( "some stuff test 2" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
-- will fail
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
end
function TestToto:test3()
-- print( "some stuff test 3" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
lu.assertEquals( type(self.a), 'number' )
end
function TestToto:test4()
-- print( "some stuff test 4" )
lu.assertNotEquals( self.a , )
end
function TestToto:test5()
-- print( "some stuff test 5" )
lu.assertTrue( self.a )
lu.assertFalse( self.a )
end
function TestToto:test6()
-- print( "some stuff test 6" )
lu.assertTrue( false )
end
function TestToto:test7()
-- assertEquals( {1,2}, self.t1 )
-- assertEquals( {1,2}, self.t2 )
lu.assertEquals( {,}, self.t3 )
end
function TestToto:test8a()
-- failure occurs in a submethod
self:funcWithError()
end
function TestToto:test8b()
-- failure occurs in a submethod
self:funcWithFuncWithError()
end
function TestToto:funcWithFuncWithError()
self:funcWithError()
end
function TestToto:funcWithError()
error('Bouhouhoum error!')
end
-- class TestToto
TestTiti = {} --class
function TestTiti:setUp()
-- set up tests
self.a =
self.s = 'hop'
-- print( 'TestTiti:setUp' )
end
function TestTiti:tearDown()
-- some tearDown() code if necessary
-- print( 'TestTiti:tearDown' )
end
function TestTiti:test1_withFailure()
-- print( "some stuff test 1" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
-- will fail
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
end
function TestTiti:test2_withFailure()
-- print( "some stuff test 2" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
-- will fail
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'bof' )
end
function TestTiti:test3()
-- print( "some stuff test 3" )
lu.assertEquals( self.a , )
lu.assertEquals( self.s , 'hop' )
end
-- class TestTiti
-- simple test functions that were written previously can be integrated
-- in luaunit too
function test1_withFailure()
assert( == )
-- will fail
assert( == )
end
function test2_withFailure()
assert( 'a' == 'a')
-- will fail
assert( 'a' == 'b')
end
function test3()
assert( == )
assert( 'a' == 'a')
end
local runner = lu.LuaUnit.new()
runner:setOutputType("tap")
os.exit( runner:runSuite() )
LOG:
1..15
# Started on 09/15/16 20:53:03
# Starting class: TestTiti
not ok 1 TestTiti.test1_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:101: expected: 2, actual: 1
not ok 2 TestTiti.test2_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:110: expected: "bof"
actual: "hop"
ok 3 TestTiti.test3
# Starting class: TestToto
not ok 4 TestToto.test1_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:21: expected: 2, actual: 1
not ok 5 TestToto.test2_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:30: expected: "bof"
actual: "hop"
ok 6 TestToto.test3
not ok 7 TestToto.test4
example_with_luaunit.lua:43: Received the not expected value: 1
not ok 8 TestToto.test5
example_with_luaunit.lua:49: expected: false, actual: 1
not ok 9 TestToto.test6
example_with_luaunit.lua:54: expected: true, actual: false
not ok 10 TestToto.test7
example_with_luaunit.lua:60: expected: {1, 2, three=3}
actual: {1, 2}
not ok 11 TestToto.test8a
example_with_luaunit.lua:78: Bouhouhoum error!
not ok 12 TestToto.test8b
example_with_luaunit.lua:78: Bouhouhoum error!
not ok 13 test1_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:126: assertion failed!
not ok 14 test2_withFailure
example_with_luaunit.lua:132: assertion failed!
ok 15 test3
# Ran 15 tests in 0.004 seconds, 3 successes, 8 failures, 4 errors