VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

时间：2023-03-08 20:58:35

1.创建工程

文件-> 新建->网站 如下图。

VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

工程建好后，会自动添加如下代码：

 using System;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.Services;

 using System.Web.Services.Protocols;

 using System.Xml.Linq;

 [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]

 [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]

 // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。

 // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]

 public class Service : System.Web.Services.WebService

 {

     public Service () {

         //如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行

         //InitializeComponent();

     }

     [WebMethod]

     public string HelloWorld() {

         return "Hello World";

     }

 }

可以运行一遍看看效果。

2.添加代码增强webservice的功能

增加加减乘除的功能。

代码如下：

 using System;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.Services;

 using System.Web.Services.Protocols;

 using System.Xml.Linq;

 [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]

 [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]

 // 若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务，请取消对下行的注释。

 // [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]

 public class Service : System.Web.Services.WebService

 {

     public Service () {

         //如果使用设计的组件，请取消注释以下行

         //InitializeComponent();

     }

     //[WebMethod]

     //public string HelloWorld()

     //{

     //    return "Hello World";

     //}

     [WebMethod(Description = "求和的方法")]

     public double addition(double i, double j)

     {

         return i + j;

     }

     [WebMethod(Description = "求差的方法")]

     public double subtract(double i, double j)

     {

         return i - j;

     }

     [WebMethod(Description = "求积的方法")]

     public double mutiplication(double i, double j)

     {

         return i * j;

     }

     [WebMethod(Description = "求商的方法")]

     public double division(double i, double j)

     {

         if(j!=)

             return i/j;

         else

             return ;

     }

 }

运行效果如下：

VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

在这个URL后面添加?wsdl就可以获取该webservice的wsdl。

VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

3.使用生成的webservice

VS2008-> 文件->新建->网站->ASP.NET网站->website2

VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

接下来添加刚才生成的webservice应用：

website2邮右键->添加web引用

VS2008中C#开发webservice简单实例

URL是运行website1之后的网址（在使用刚才的webservice时，需要先把那个服务运行起来才行）

URL写好后，点击前往->添加应用->ok。

引入的web引用中有一个wsdl文件（此处对wsdl的提示与本文无关系）。wsdl文件如下：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

 <wsdl:definitions xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">

   <wsdl:types>

     <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://tempuri.org/">

       <s:element name="addition">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="i" type="s:double" />

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="j" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="additionResponse">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="additionResult" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="subtract">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="i" type="s:double" />

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="j" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="subtractResponse">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="subtractResult" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="mutiplication">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="i" type="s:double" />

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="j" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="mutiplicationResponse">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="mutiplicationResult" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="division">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="i" type="s:double" />

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="j" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

       <s:element name="divisionResponse">

         <s:complexType>

           <s:sequence>

             <s:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="divisionResult" type="s:double" />

           </s:sequence>

         </s:complexType>

       </s:element>

     </s:schema>

   </wsdl:types>

   <wsdl:message name="additionSoapIn">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:addition" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="additionSoapOut">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:additionResponse" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="subtractSoapIn">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:subtract" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="subtractSoapOut">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:subtractResponse" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="mutiplicationSoapIn">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:mutiplication" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="mutiplicationSoapOut">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:mutiplicationResponse" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="divisionSoapIn">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:division" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:message name="divisionSoapOut">

     <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:divisionResponse" />

   </wsdl:message>

   <wsdl:portType name="ServiceSoap">

     <wsdl:operation name="addition">

       <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">求和的方法</wsdl:documentation>

       <wsdl:input message="tns:additionSoapIn" />

       <wsdl:output message="tns:additionSoapOut" />

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="subtract">

       <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">求插的方法</wsdl:documentation>

       <wsdl:input message="tns:subtractSoapIn" />

       <wsdl:output message="tns:subtractSoapOut" />

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="mutiplication">

       <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">求积的方法</wsdl:documentation>

       <wsdl:input message="tns:mutiplicationSoapIn" />

       <wsdl:output message="tns:mutiplicationSoapOut" />

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="division">

       <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">求商的方法</wsdl:documentation>

       <wsdl:input message="tns:divisionSoapIn" />

       <wsdl:output message="tns:divisionSoapOut" />

     </wsdl:operation>

   </wsdl:portType>

   <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap" type="tns:ServiceSoap">

     <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />

     <wsdl:operation name="addition">

       <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/addition" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="subtract">

       <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/subtract" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="mutiplication">

       <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/mutiplication" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="division">

       <soap:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/division" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

   </wsdl:binding>

   <wsdl:binding name="ServiceSoap12" type="tns:ServiceSoap">

     <soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />

     <wsdl:operation name="addition">

       <soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/addition" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="subtract">

       <soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/subtract" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="mutiplication">

       <soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/mutiplication" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

     <wsdl:operation name="division">

       <soap12:operation soapAction="http://tempuri.org/division" style="document" />

       <wsdl:input>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:input>

       <wsdl:output>

         <soap12:body use="literal" />

       </wsdl:output>

     </wsdl:operation>

   </wsdl:binding>

   <wsdl:service name="Service">

     <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap" binding="tns:ServiceSoap">

       <soap:address location="http://localhost:12989/WebSite1/Service.asmx" />

     </wsdl:port>

     <wsdl:port name="ServiceSoap12" binding="tns:ServiceSoap12">

       <soap12:address location="http://localhost:12989/WebSite1/Service.asmx" />

     </wsdl:port>

   </wsdl:service>

 </wsdl:definitions>

我们在这就练习调用webservice的四个方法，做一个简单的调用的例子，先在网站的前台添加几个控件（Default.aspx），代码如下：

 <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true"  CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default" %>

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >

  <head id="Head1" runat="server">

       <title>Webservice调用实例</title>

   </head>

   <body>

       <form id="form1" runat="server">

          <div>

              <asp:TextBox ID="Num1" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

              <select id="selectOper" runat = "server">

                  <option>+</option>

                  <option>-</option>

                  <option>*</option>

                  <option>/</option>

              </select>

              <asp:TextBox ID="Num2" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

              <span id = E runat = "server"></span>

              <asp:TextBox ID="Result" runat="server"></asp:TextBox>

          </div>

  </form>

  </body>

  </html>

到此一个一个简单的WebService的开发和调用就已经完成了，在实际应用中可以根据自己的需要，写一些功能强大的，复杂的WebService，不管多么复杂，整个流程都是这样的。

修改Default.cs

 using System;

 using System.Configuration;

 using System.Data;

 using System.Linq;

 using System.Web;

 using System.Web.Security;

 using System.Web.UI;

 using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

 using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;

 using System.Xml.Linq;

 public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page

 {

     protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

     {

         //在页面加载的时候动态创建一个按钮，在它的事件里调用Webservice

         Button btn = new Button();

         btn.Width = ;

         btn.Text = " = ";

         btn.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);

         E.Controls.Add(btn);

     }

     /// <summary>

     /// 定义动态创建Button的Click事件，在这个事件中调用Webservice

     /// </summary>

     /// <param name="sender"></param>

     /// <param name="e"></param>

     void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

     {

         if (Num1.Text != "" && Num2.Text != "")

         {

             //实例化引用的webservice对象

             localhost.Service WebserviceInstance = new localhost.Service();

             int Oper = selectOper.SelectedIndex;

             switch (Oper)

             {

                 //通过实例化的webservice对象来调用Webservice暴露的方法

                 case :

                     Result.Text = WebserviceInstance.addition(double.Parse(Num1.Text), double.Parse(Num2.Text)).ToString();

                     break;

                 case :

                     Result.Text = WebserviceInstance.subtract(double.Parse(Num1.Text), double.Parse(Num2.Text)).ToString();

                     break;

                 case :

                     Result.Text = WebserviceInstance.mutiplication(double.Parse(Num1.Text), double.Parse(Num2.Text)).ToString();

                     break;

                 case :

                     Result.Text = WebserviceInstance.division(double.Parse(Num1.Text), double.Parse(Num2.Text)).ToString();

                     break;

             }

         }

     }

 }

可以运行该网站了。

相关文章