exist和not exist用法

时间:2023-03-08 20:49:53

参考:http://wenku.baidu.com/view/577f4d49cf84b9d528ea7a6f.html    //这个讲的很详细

引用自:http://chenling1018.blog.163.com/blog/static/14802542007112944944177/

--exists       (sql       返回结果集,为真)
--not exists (sql 不返回结果集,为真)
--如下: --表A
ID NAME
A1
A2
A3 --表B
ID AID NAME
1 B1
2 B2
2 B3 --表A和表B是1对多的关系 A.ID => B.AID SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXIST (SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID=B.AID)
--执行结果为
A1
A2 --原因可以按照如下分析
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=1)
---> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=1有值,返回真,所以有数据 SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=2)
---> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=2有值,返回真,所以有数据 SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=3)
---> SELECT * FROM B WHERE B.AID=3无值,返回假,所以没有数据 --NOT EXISTS 就是反过来
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE NOT EXIST (SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID=B.AID)
--执行结果为
A3 =========================================================================== --EXISTS = IN,意思相同不过语法上有点点区别,好像使用IN效率要差点,应该是不会执行索引的原因
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A  WHERE ID IN (SELECT AID FROM B) --NOT EXISTS = NOT IN ,意思相同不过语法上有点点区别
SELECT ID,NAME FROM A WHERE ID NOT IN (SELECT AID FROM B)