Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

1.简介

容器技术最早是从Linux 环境产生并持续发展，Windows 是在新的 CEO 上台后才开始转向开源并拥抱Linux。容器相对虚拟化更轻量，资源占用更少。

虽然Linux 环境有 Mono 组件可以实现 .net 架构的资源配置与使用，但是兼容性和复杂性也让快速搭建开发和测试环境的想法难以实现。

Windows 系统原生支撑容器是最简便的方法，可以在不更改 .net 开发和配置文件的前提下快速实现 IIS 组件的部署配置。

2.Docker安装与卸载

2.1.图形界面安装

下载Docker，一直下一步，安装好如下图： https://download.docker.com/win/stable/Docker%20for%20Windows%20Installer.exe

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

配置国内镜像加速站点（需要注册一个账号）

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

配置容器的网络，按实际需求来配置调整，这里用默认

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

查看版本输入：docker --version

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

2.2.PowerShell安装

参考微软官网
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/quick-start-windows-server

Install-Module -Name DockerMsftProvider -Repository PSGallery -Force

Install-Package -Name docker -ProviderName DockerMsftProvider

提示出错了

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

手动下载docker-18-09-8.zip放到C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\DockerMsftProvider，重新运行

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

重启服务器

Restart-Computer -Force

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

2.3.卸载Docker

Uninstall-Package -Name docker -ProviderName DockerMsftProvider Uninstall-Module -Name DockerMsftProvider

清理数据和组件

清除网络

Get-HNSNetwork \| Remove-HNSNetwork

清除数据

Remove-Item "C:\ProgramData\Docker" -Recurse

清除容器和Hyper-V功能

Remove-WindowsFeature Containers Remove-WindowsFeature Hyper-V

重启系统

重启系统完成卸载和清理

Restart-Computer -Force

3.Docker 命令

Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND A self-sufficient runtime for containers Options: --config string Location of client config files (default "C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker") -c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use") -D, --debug Enable debug mode -H, --host list Daemon socket(s) to connect to -l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug"\|"info"\|"warn"\|"error"\|"fatal") (default "info") --tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify --tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\ca.pem") --tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\cert.pem") --tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\key.pem") --tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote -v, --version Print version information and quit Management Commands: builder Manage builds config Manage Docker configs container Manage containers context Manage contexts image Manage images network Manage networks node Manage Swarm nodes plugin Manage plugins secret Manage Docker secrets service Manage services stack Manage Docker stacks swarm Manage Swarm system Manage Docker trust Manage trust on Docker images volume Manage volumes Commands: attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container build Build an image from a Dockerfile commit Create a new image from a container's changes cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem create Create a new container diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem events Get real time events from the server exec Run a command in a running container export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive history Show the history of an image images List images import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image info Display system-wide information inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects kill Kill one or more running containers load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN login Log in to a Docker registry logout Log out from a Docker registry logs Fetch the logs of a container pause Pause all processes within one or more containers port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container ps List containers pull Pull an image or a repository from a registry push Push an image or a repository to a registry rename Rename a container restart Restart one or more containers rm Remove one or more containers rmi Remove one or more images run Run a command in a new container save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default) search Search the Docker Hub for images start Start one or more stopped containers stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics stop Stop one or more running containers tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE top Display the running processes of a container unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers update Update configuration of one or more containers version Show the Docker version information wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
--config string      Location of client config files (default
"C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker")
-c, --context string     Name of the context to use to connect to the
daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and
default context set with "docker context use")
-D, --debug              Enable debug mode
-H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
-l, --log-level string   Set the logging level
("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal")
(default "info")
--tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default
"C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\ca.pem")
--tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default
"C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\cert.pem")
--tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default
"C:\\Users\\01Administrator\\.docker\\key.pem")
--tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
builder     Manage builds
config      Manage Docker configs
container   Manage containers
context     Manage contexts
image       Manage images
network     Manage networks
node        Manage Swarm nodes
plugin      Manage plugins
secret      Manage Docker secrets
service     Manage services
stack       Manage Docker stacks
swarm       Manage Swarm
system      Manage Docker
trust       Manage trust on Docker images
volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create      Create a new container
diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
events      Get real time events from the server
exec        Run a command in a running container
export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
history     Show the history of an image
images      List images
import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
info        Display system-wide information
inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
kill        Kill one or more running containers
load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
login       Log in to a Docker registry
logout      Log out from a Docker registry
logs        Fetch the logs of a container
pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
ps          List containers
pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
rename      Rename a container
restart     Restart one or more containers
rm          Remove one or more containers
rmi         Remove one or more images
run         Run a command in a new container
save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
search      Search the Docker Hub for images
start       Start one or more stopped containers
stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop        Stop one or more running containers
tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
top         Display the running processes of a container
unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update      Update configuration of one or more containers
version     Show the Docker version information
wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

3.1.搜索镜像

docker search iis

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

3.2.下载镜像

docker pull microsoft/aspnet

3.3.查看下载到镜像

docker images

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护

3.4.启用容器

docker run -ti -d --restart=always --name web_test_mpostools -p 58043:8832 -v E:\Docker-IIS\web_test_mpostools:C:\inetpub\wwwroot -v E:\Docker-IIS-Logs\web_test_mpostools:C:\inetpub\logs\LogFiles microsoft/iis

docker run -ti -d --restart=always --name web_test_mpostools -p 58043:8832 -v E:\Docker-IIS\web_test_mpostools:C:\inetpub\wwwroot -v  E:\Docker-IIS-Logs\web_test_mpostools:C:\inetpub\logs\LogFiles  microsoft/iis

注：把容器目录C:\inetpub\wwwroot映射到宿主机D:\Docker-IIS\My-IIS2\www这两个目录的内容是同步的

Docker For Windows 安装配置及常用维护