nodejs实现socket网络通信

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本节内容如下：

• ​​1、简介​​
• ​​2、UDP单播​​
• • ​​2.1 接收端​​
  • ​​2.2 发送端​​
• ​​3、UDP组播​​
• • ​​3.1 发送端​​
  • ​​3.2 接收端​​
• ​​后记​​

1、简介

在NodeJS中有三种socket：1. TCP，2. UDP，3. Unix域套接字。

UDP/datagram sockets
 Class: dgram.Socket
 Event: ‘close’
 Event: ‘connect’
 Event: ‘error’
 Event: ‘listening’
 Event: ‘message’
 socket.addMembership(multicastAddress[, multicastInterface])
 socket.addSourceSpecificMembership(sourceAddress, groupAddress[, multicastInterface])
 socket.address()
 socket.bind([port][, address][, callback])
 socket.bind(options[, callback])
 socket.close([callback])
 socket.connect(port[, address][, callback])
 socket.disconnect()
 socket.dropMembership(multicastAddress[, multicastInterface])
 socket.dropSourceSpecificMembership(sourceAddress, groupAddress[, multicastInterface])
 socket.getRecvBufferSize()
 socket.getSendBufferSize()
 socket.ref()
 socket.remoteAddress()
 socket.send(msg[, offset, length][, port][, address][, callback])
 Note about UDP datagram size
 socket.setBroadcast(flag)
 socket.setMulticastInterface(multicastInterface)
 Example: IPv6 outgoing multicast interface
 Example: IPv4 outgoing multicast interface
 Call results
 socket.setMulticastLoopback(flag)
 socket.setMulticastTTL(ttl)
 socket.setRecvBufferSize(size)
 socket.setSendBufferSize(size)
 socket.setTTL(ttl)
 socket.unref()
 dgram module functions
 dgram.createSocket(options[, callback])
 dgram.createSocket(type[, callback])

2、UDP单播

The dgram module provides an implementation of UDP datagram sockets.

2.1 接收端

• server.js

const dgram = require('dgram');
const server = dgram.createSocket('udp4');

server.on('error', (err) => {
console.log(`server error:\n${err.stack}`);
server.close();
});

server.on('message', (msg,) => {
console.log(`server got: ${msg} from ${rinfo.address}:${rinfo.port}`);
});

server.on('listening', () => {
const address = server.address();
console.log(`server listening ${address.address}:${address.port}`);
});

server.bind(41234);
// Prints: server listening 0.0.0.0:41234

nodejs接收端的运行截图如下：

测试c++发送端的运行截图如下：

2.2 发送端

例子1：

const dgram = require('dgram');

const message = Buffer.from('Some bytes');
const client = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
client.send(message, 41234, 'localhost', (err) => {
client.close();
});

例子2：

const dgram = require('dgram');
const buf1 = Buffer.from('Some ');
const buf2 = Buffer.from('bytes');
const client = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
client.send([buf1, buf2], 41234, (err) => {
client.close();
});

例子3：

const dgram = require('dgram');
const message = Buffer.from('Some bytes');
const client = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
client.connect(41234, 'localhost', (err) => {
client.send(message, (err) => {
client.close();
  });
});

3、UDP组播

3.1 发送端

const dgram = require('dgram');
const server = dgram.createSocket('udp4');

// const local_ip = "192.168.0.xx";
const multicast_ip = "225.0.0.100"; // 这里必须是一个组播地址(D类IP地址)

server.on('close', () => {
console.log('close socket');
});

server.on('listening', () => {
console.log('listening...' );
server.setBroadcast(true);
server.setMulticastTTL(128);
server.addMembership(multicast_ip);

setInterval(() => {
send_msg();
    }, 2000);
});

server.on('message', (msg,) => {
console.log(`receive client message from ${rinfo.address}: ${rinfo.port}: ${msg}`);
});

server.bind(); // 随机绑定本机一个端口

function send_msg() {
var date = new Date();
console.log(date.toLocaleDateString() + " " + date.toLocaleTimeString() + ': send a message.');
server.send('hi, i am server...', '8062', multicast_ip);
}

3.2 接收端

const dgram = require('dgram');
var client = dgram.createSocket('udp4');

// const local_ip = '192.168.0.xx';
const multicast_ip = "225.0.0.100"; // 这里必须是一个组播地址(D类IP地址)

client.on('close', () => {
console.log('client closed');
});

client.on('error', (err) => {
console.log('client error' + err);
});

client.on('listening', () => {
console.log('client listening...');
client.setBroadcast(true);
client.setMulticastTTL(128);
client.addMembership(multicast_ip);
});

client.on('message', (msg,) => {
console.log(`receive server message from ${rinfo.address}: ${rinfo.port}: ${msg}`);
});
client.bind('8062'); // 监听组播数据的端口

测试接收端1结果如下：

测试接收端2结果如下：

后记

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