【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

如何使用PythonWin

创建窗口
- 使用Windows API创建窗口
  当窗口创建以后，使用win32gui.PumpMessages()进入无限消息循环，处理窗口消息。
  窗口消息首先传递给WndProc，在WndProc中可以定义相应消息的处理过程。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32gui
from win32con import *
# Windows Message Process Function
def WndProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam):
if msg == WM_PAINT:
        hdc,ps = win32gui.BeginPaint(hwnd)
        rect = win32gui.GetClientRect(hwnd)
        win32gui.DrawText(hdc,
'GUI Python',
            len('GUI Python'),
            rect,
            DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER)
        win32gui.EndPaint(hwnd,ps)
if msg == WM_DESTROY:
        win32gui.PostQuitMessage(0)
return win32gui.DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam)
# Generate Windows Class, and set the related item value
wc = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
wc.hbrBackground = COLOR_BTNFACE+1
wc.hCursor = win32gui.LoadCursor(0, IDC_ARROW)
wc.hIcon = win32gui.LoadIcon(0, IDI_APPLICATION)
wc.lpszClassName = "Python on Windows"
wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc
# Register Windows Class
reg = win32gui.RegisterClass(wc)
# Create Window
hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindow(
        reg, 'Python', WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
0, 0, 0, None)
# Display Window
win32gui.ShowWindow(hwnd, SW_SHOWNORMAL)
win32gui.UpdateWindow(hwnd)
# Into MessageLoop, Util close the window
win32gui.PumpMessages()

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

* 使用MFC创建窗口
首先，创建窗口类；然后，重载消息处理方法；最后类实例化，创建窗口。
当窗口创建以后，调用RunModalLoop方法进入窗口消息循环，否则窗口将立刻关闭。
使用EndModalLoop方法结束消息循环。

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32api
from win32con import *
from pywin.mfc import window
# define windows class
class MyWnd(window.Wnd):
def __init__(self):
        window.Wnd.__init__(self, win32ui.CreateWnd())
        self._obj_.CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,\
        win32ui.RegisterWndClass(0, 0, COLOR_WINDOW+1),\
'MFC GUI', WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,\
        (100, 100, 400, 300), None, 0, None)
# reload OnClose Method
def OnClose(self):
        self.EndModalLoop(0)    
# reload OnPaint Method, which in windows print "MFC GUI"
def OnPaint(self):
        dc, ps = self.BeginPaint()
        dc.DrawText("MFC GUI",
            self.GetClientRect(),
            DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER)
        self.EndPaint(ps)
w = MyWnd()
w.ShowWindow()
w.UpdateWindow()
w.RunModalLoop(1)

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

2. 对话框
* 创建对话框


# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32con
from pywin.mfc import dialog
# define windows class
class MyDialog(dialog.Dialog):
 def OnInitDialog(self):
 dialog.Dialog.OnInitDialog(self)
style = (win32con.DS_MODALFRAME |
win32con.WS_POPUP|
win32con.WS_VISIBLE|
win32con.WS_CAPTION|
win32con.WS_SYSMENU|
win32con.DS_SETFONT)
di = ['Python',
(0,0,300,180),
 style,
None,
(8, 'MS Sans Serif')]
init = []
init.append(di)
mydialog = MyDialog(init)
mydialog.DoModal()

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

* 向对话框中添加控件

import win32ui
import win32con
from pywin.mfc import dialog
# define windows class
class MyDialog(dialog.Dialog):
def OnInitDialog(self):
        dialog.Dialog.OnInitDialog(self)
def OnOK(self):
        win32ui.MessageBox('Press Ok',\
'Python',
                          win32con.MB_OK)
        self.EndDialog(1)
def OnCancel(self):
        win32ui.MessageBox('Press Cancel',\
'Python',
                          win32con.MB_OK)
        self.EndDialog(1) 
style = (win32con.DS_MODALFRAME |
        win32con.WS_POPUP|
        win32con.WS_VISIBLE|
        win32con.WS_CAPTION|
        win32con.WS_SYSMENU|
        win32con.DS_SETFONT)
childstyle = (win32con.WS_CHILD|win32con.WS_VISIBLE)
buttonstyle = win32con.WS_TABSTOP|childstyle
di = ['Python',
    (0,0,300,180),
    style,
None,
    (8, 'MS Sans Serif')]
ButOK = (['Button',
"OK",
        win32con.IDOK,
        (80,150,50,14),
        buttonstyle|win32con.BS_PUSHBUTTON])
ButCancel = (['Button',
"Cancel",
            win32con.IDCANCEL,
            (160,150,50,14),
            buttonstyle|win32con.BS_PUSHBUTTON])
Stadic=(['Static',
"Python Dialog",
12,
            (130, 50, 60, 14),
            childstyle])
Edit = (['Edit',
"",
13,
        (130, 80, 60, 14),
        childstyle|win32con.ES_LEFT|win32con.WS_BORDER|win32con.WS_TABSTOP])
init = []
init.append(di)
init.append(ButOK)
init.append(ButCancel)
init.append(Stadic)
init.append(Edit)
init.append
mydialog = MyDialog(init)
mydialog.DoModal()

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

* 使用DLL文件中的资源
* 处理按钮消息

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32con
from pywin.mfc import dialog
# define windows class
class MyDialog(dialog.Dialog):
def OnInitDialog(self):
        dialog.Dialog.OnInitDialog(self)
        self.HookCommand(self.OnButton1, 1051)
        self.HookCommand(self.OnButton2, 1052)
def OnButton1(self, wParam, lParam):
        win32ui.MessageBox('Button1', 'Python',win32con.MB_OK)
        self.EndDialog(1)
def OnButton2(self, wParam, lParam):
        text = self.GetDlgItemText(1024)
        win32ui.MessageBox(text, 'Python', win32con.MB_OK)
        self.EndDialog(1)
style = (win32con.DS_MODALFRAME |
        win32con.WS_POPUP|
        win32con.WS_VISIBLE|
        win32con.WS_CAPTION|
        win32con.WS_SYSMENU|
        win32con.DS_SETFONT)
childstyle = (win32con.WS_CHILD|win32con.WS_VISIBLE)
buttonstyle = win32con.WS_TABSTOP|childstyle
di = ['Python',
    (0,0,300,180),
    style,
None,
    (8, 'MS Sans Serif')]
Button1 = (['Button',
"Button1",
1051,
        (80,150,50,14),
        buttonstyle|win32con.BS_PUSHBUTTON])
Button2 = (['Button',
"Button2",
1052,
            (160,150,50,14),
            buttonstyle|win32con.BS_PUSHBUTTON])
Stadic=(['Static',
"Python Dialog",
12,
            (130, 50, 60, 14),
            childstyle])
Edit = (['Edit',
"",
13,
        (130, 80, 60, 14),
        childstyle|win32con.ES_LEFT|win32con.WS_BORDER|win32con.WS_TABSTOP])
init = []
init.append(di)
init.append(Button1)
init.append(Button2)
init.append(Stadic)
init.append(Edit)
mydialog = MyDialog(init)
mydialog.DoModal()

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

3. 菜单
* 创建普通菜单

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32api
from win32con import *
from pywin.mfc import window
# define windows class
class MyWnd(window.Wnd):
 def __init__(self):
 window.Wnd.__init__(self, win32ui.CreateWnd())
 self._obj_.CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,\
win32ui.RegisterWndClass(0, 0, COLOR_WINDOW+1),\
 'MFC GUI', WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,\
(10, 10, 800, 500), None, 0, None)
 # 捕获右键单击消息
 submenu = win32ui.CreatePopupMenu()
 menu = win32ui.CreateMenu()
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1051,'&Open')
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1052,'&Close')
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1053,'&Save')
 menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_POPUP,submenu.GetHandle(),'&File')
 submenu = win32ui.CreateMenu() 
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1054, '&Copy')
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1055, '&Paste')
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR, 1056, None)
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1057,'&Cut')
 menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_POPUP, submenu.GetHandle(), '&Edit')
 submenu=win32ui.CreateMenu()
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1058, 'Tools')
 submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_GRAYED, 1059, 'Setting')
 m = win32ui.CreateMenu()
 m.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_POPUP|MF_CHECKED, submenu.GetHandle(),'Option')
 menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_POPUP,m.GetHandle(),'&Other')
 self._obj_.SetMenu(menu)
 # reload OnClose Method
 def OnClose(self):
 self.EndModalLoop(0)
 # process the RClick event
w = MyWnd()
w.ShowWindow()
w.UpdateWindow()
w.RunModalLoop(1)

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

* 创建弹出式菜单

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32api
from win32con import *
from pywin.mfc import window
# define windows class
class MyWnd(window.Wnd):
def __init__(self):
        window.Wnd.__init__(self, win32ui.CreateWnd())
        self._obj_.CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,\
            win32ui.RegisterWndClass(0, 0, COLOR_WINDOW+1),\
'MFC GUI', WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,\
            (10, 10, 800, 500), None, 0, None)
# 捕获右键单击消息
        self.HookMessage(self.OnRClick, WM_RBUTTONDOWN)
# reload OnClose Method
def OnClose(self):
        self.EndModalLoop(0)
# process the RClick event
def OnRClick(self, param):
        submenu = win32ui.CreatePopupMenu()
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1054, 'Copy')
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1055, 'Paste')
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR, 1056, None)
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1057, 'Cut')
        flag = TPM_LEFTALIGN|TPM_LEFTBUTTON|TPM_RIGHTBUTTON
        submenu.TrackPopupMenu(param[5], flag, self)  
w = MyWnd()
w.ShowWindow()
w.UpdateWindow()
w.RunModalLoop(1)

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

* 使用DLL中的菜单
* 处理菜单消息

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
import win32ui
import win32api
from win32con import *
from pywin.mfc import window
# define windows class
class MyWnd(window.Wnd):
def __init__(self):
        window.Wnd.__init__(self, win32ui.CreateWnd())
        self._obj_.CreateWindowEx(WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,\
            win32ui.RegisterWndClass(0, 0, COLOR_WINDOW+1),\
'MFC GUI', WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,\
            (10, 10, 800, 500), None, 0, None)
# create menu object
        submenu = win32ui.CreatePopupMenu()
        menu = win32ui.CreateMenu()
# add sth into menu
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1051,'&Open')
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1052,'&Close')
        submenu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING, 1053,'&Save')
        menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING|MF_POPUP,submenu.GetHandle(),'&File')     
# add menu into window
        self._obj_.SetMenu(menu)
# set menu process message
        self.HookCommand(self.MenuClick, 1051)
        self.HookCommand(self.MenuClick, 1052)
        self.HookCommand(self.MenuClick, 1053)
# reload OnClose Method
def OnClose(self):
        self.EndModalLoop(0)
def MenuClick(self, lParam, wParam):
if lParam == 1051:
            self.MessageBox('Open', 'Python', MB_OK)
elif lParam == 1053:
            self.MessageBox('Save', 'Python', MB_OK)
else:
            self.OnClose()
w = MyWnd()
w.ShowWindow()
w.UpdateWindow()
w.RunModalLoop(1)

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

什么是PythonWin

PythonWin也是通过扩展的形式对MFC的函数进行封装的。
通过使用PythonWin中的win32gui和win32ui模块可以调用WindowsAPI,
或者使用MFC来创建GUI界面。

秒客网

【脚本语言系列】关于PythonGUI界面PythonWin,你需要知道的事

如何使用PythonWin

什么是PythonWin

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