ubuntu下发布asp.net core并用nginx代理之旅

时间：2021-02-06 19:50:39

asp.net core 1.0.1发布已有些日子了，怀着好奇的心情体验了把ubuntu下的asp.net core

系统运行环境:ubuntu 16.0.4 for developer

首先搭建.net core的运行环境,可参见微软网站介绍：

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://apt-mo.trafficmanager.net/repos/dotnet-release/ xenial main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dotnetdev.list'

sudo apt-key adv --keyserver apt-mo.trafficmanager.net --recv-keys 417A0893

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install dotnet-dev-1.0.0-preview2-003131

然后新建目录用于本地存储文件夹,我的放在/var/www/helloworld下,

cd /var/www

sudo mkdir helloworld

创建新项目，并选择web模板，然后还原项目:

dotnet new -t web

dotnet resotre

然后执行dotnet run 就可以运行该项目了,默认情况下asp.net core监听的是5000的端口

dotnet run
dotnet publish

然后我们执行发布命令 dotnet publish

默认情况下是发布的文件夹为当前项目目录下/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0，我的完整发布目录为/var/www/helloworld/bin/Release/netcoreapp1.0，

进入该目录，然后执行dotnet run helloworld.dll就可以运行发布版本的asp.net core示例项目了，但是光这样怎么行呢，我们可不想每次重启系统时都敲上一大堆代码去启动监听，这时supervisor就派上用场了，supervisor是基于python的进程管理工具，貌似windows下没法用，

首先去安装supervisor

sudo apt-get install supervisor

等待安装完成,期间如有y/n的等待输入，记得按y

然后去/etc/supervisor/conf.d文件夹下去新增一个

图形界面可用

sudo  gedit /etc/supervisor/conf.d/hellomvc.conf(需要安装gedit)

服务端用vim

sudo  vim /etc/supervisor/conf.d/hellomvc.conf

当没有该文件时会创建该文件

内容如下

[program:hellomvc]

command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish/helloworld.dll

directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish

autostart=true

autorestart=true

stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log

stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log

environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production

user=www-data

stopsignal=INT

stopasgroup=true

killasgroup=true

然后保存并退出 gedit点击右上角的save保存,vim按esc 然后出入:wq保存并退出

然后想改变自定义监听端口时需要修改项目program.cs,传递args参数

public class Program

    {

        public static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            var host = new WebHostBuilder()

                .UseKestrel()

                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())

                .UseIISIntegration()

                .UseStartup<Startup>()

                .Build();

            host.Run();

        }

    }

修改为

 public class Program

    {

        public static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            var host = new WebHostBuilder()

                .UseKestrel()

                .UseUrls(args[0])

                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())

                .UseIISIntegration()

                .UseStartup<Startup>()

                .Build();

            host.Run();

        }

    }

然后在启动时传入参数 dotnet run helloworld "http://*.5000"

helloworld.conf也需修改为

[program:hellomvc]

command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish/helloworld.dll  "http://*5000"

directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1.0/publish

autostart=true

autorestart=true

stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log

stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log

environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production

user=www-data

stopsignal=INT

stopasgroup=true

killasgroup=true

或者您也可以在项目中加上配置文件如host.json，内容如下

{
"server.urls": "http://*:5000"
}

    public class Program

    {

        public static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder()

                .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())

                .AddJsonFile("host.json", optional: true)

                .Build();

            var host = new WebHostBuilder()

                .UseConfiguration(config)

                .UseKestrel()

                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())

                .UseIISIntegration()

                .UseStartup<Startup>()

                .Build();

            host.Run();

        }

    }

}
helloworld.conf为就可以直接监听你host.json所传的端口了
[program:hellomvc]

command=/usr/bin/dotnet /var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1./publish/helloworld.dll

directory=/var/www/helloworld/bin/Debug/netcoreapp1./publish

autostart=true

autorestart=true

stderr_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.err.log

stdout_logfile=/var/log/hellomvc.out.log

environment=HOME=/var/www/,ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Production

user=www-data

stopsignal=INT

stopasgroup=true

killasgroup=true

然后program.cs修改为

然后开启supervisor服务

sudo service supervisor stop

sudo service supervisor start

如果是想开机启动自动启动服务时需要创建自启动脚本

sudo vim /etc/init.d/supervisord

内容如下：

#! /bin/sh

### BEGIN INIT INFO

# Provides:          supervisord

# Required-Start:    $remote_fs

# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs

# Default-Start:

# Default-Stop:

# Short-Description: Example initscript

# Description:       This file should be used to construct scripts to be

#                    placed in /etc/init.d.

### END INIT INFO

# Author: Dan MacKinlay <danielm@phm.gov.au>

# Based on instructions by Bertrand Mathieu

# http://zebert.blogspot.com/2009/05/installing-django-solr-varnish-and.html

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin

DESC="Description of the service"

NAME=supervisord

DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/supervisord

DAEMON_ARGS=""

PIDFILE=/tmp/$NAME.pid

SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed

[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present

[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables

. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.

# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.0-6) to ensure that this file is present.

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#

# Function that starts the daemon/service

#

do_start()

{

    # Return

    #   0 if daemon has been started

    #   1 if daemon was already running

    #   2 if daemon could not be started

    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \

        || return 1

    start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \

        $DAEMON_ARGS \

        || return 2

    # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready

    # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend

    # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.

}

#

# Function that stops the daemon/service

#

do_stop()

{

    # Return

    #   0 if daemon has been stopped

    #   1 if daemon was already stopped

    #   2 if daemon could not be stopped

    #   other if a failure occurred

    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME

    RETVAL="$?"

    [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2

    # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks

    # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.

    # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code

    # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be

    # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to

    # sleep for some time.

    start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON

    [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2

    # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.

    rm -f $PIDFILE

    return "$RETVAL"

}

#

# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service

#

do_reload() {

    #

    # If the daemon can reload its configuration without

    # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),

    # then implement that here.

    #

    start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME

    return 0

}

case "$1" in

  start)

    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"

    do_start

    case "$?" in

        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;

        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;

    esac

    ;;

  stop)

    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"

    do_stop

    case "$?" in

        0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;

        2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;

    esac

    ;;

  #reload|force-reload)

    #

    # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out

    # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.

    #

    #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"

    #do_reload

    #log_end_msg $?

    #;;

  restart|force-reload)

    #

    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the

    # 'force-reload' alias

    #

    log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"

    do_stop

    case "$?" in

      0|1)

        do_start

        case "$?" in

            0) log_end_msg 0 ;;

            1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running

            *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start

        esac

        ;;

      *)

          # Failed to stop

        log_end_msg 1

        ;;

    esac

    ;;

  *)

    #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2

    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|force-reload}" >&2

    exit 3

    ;;

esac

然后修改权限，并更新系统

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/supervisord

sudo update-rc.d supervisord defaults

sudo service supervisord start

这样就实现了开机自启动

kestrel 作为一个asp.net良好的动态内容服务部件，然而不是类似iis apache，weblogic全功能服务器，所以一个反向代理服务器也就必要了，而nginx作为代理服务器也是很多web应用的选择，

首先安装nginx:

sudo apt-get install nginx

然后

配置nginx的代理转发,修改/etc/nginx/sites-available/default，修改内容如下

server {

    listen ;

    location / {

        proxy_pass http://localhost:5000;

        proxy_http_version 1.1;

        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;

        proxy_set_header Connection keep-alive;

        proxy_set_header Host $host;

        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;

    }

}

保存退出，然后重新加载nginx

sudo nginx -t

sudo nginx -s reload

nginx代理就实现了不信，去你的浏览器打开localhost,是不是就是我们的helloworld项目了，nice ！

如果想要本机外的访问，记得开启80 以及5000端口

sudo ufw enable

sudo ufw allow 80

sudo ufw allow 5000
如果遇到文件访问被拒绝记得修改项目的权限
sudo chmod 777  xxx(xxx表示文件夹路径)
参考asp.net官方文档

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