无法在django python中提供像css，js这样的静态文件

I am very new to django, and gone through tutorial for many days , i have started building a small website using django and trying to serve a css file by arranging all the necessary settings in settings.py file. But unfortunately my code is unable to serve the css file, i mean the concept of serving css files is not working. I googled a lot and gone through the django main doc tutorials and made changes according to them,and still doesn't works so approached SO and pasted my entire code below

我是django的新手，并且经历了很多天的教程，我已经开始使用django构建一个小型网站，并尝试通过在settings.py文件中安排所有必要的设置来提供css文件。但不幸的是我的代码无法提供css文件，我的意思是服务css文件的概念不起作用。我google了很多，并通过django主要文档教程并根据它们进行了更改，但仍然没有工作所以接近SO并将我的整个代码粘贴到下面

Structure of project folder

项目文件夹的结构

 personnel_blog
      |____personnel_blog
      |____manage.py  |  
                      |____media
                      |____static
                      |       |____css
                      |             |____personnel_blog_hm.css 
                      |____template 
                      |        |____home_page.html
                      |____settings.py
                      |____urls.py
                      |____views.py
                      |____wsgi.py

Some of my settings.py file settings are below

我的一些settings.py文件设置如下

settings.py

settings.py

import os
PROJECT_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
DEBUG = True
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
                    os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static'),
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
                 os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'templates')
)
TEMPLATE_CONTEXT_PROCESSORS = (
    'django.core.context_processors.debug',
    'django.core.context_processors.i18n',
    'django.core.context_processors.media',
    'django.core.context_processors.static',
    'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
    'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
)

urls.py

urls.py

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
     url(r'^$', 'personnel_blog.views.home_page'),
     url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)
if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve',{'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True }),
        url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT, 'show_indexes': True }),

)

）

views.py

views.py

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

def home_page(request):
    return render_to_response("home_page.html")

home_page.html

home_page.html

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> 
  <head>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ STATIC_URL }}css/personnel_blog_hm.css" type="text/css">
  </head>
  <body>
   <p>Hello !</p>
   <a href="/" target="_top">Home</a>
  </body> 
</html>

personnel_blog_hm.css

personnel_blog_hm.css

body { background-color:green; }
p {color:blue;background-color:green;padding-left:20px;}

So above is my code, can anyone please let me know whats wrong in the settigns.py file or other py files ?

所以上面是我的代码，任何人都可以让我知道settigns.py文件或其他py文件中的错误？

Whether need to do any other additional settings in the above code ?

是否需要在上面的代码中进行任何其他附加设置？

so can anyone please adjust my code and make necessary changes so that i cam move forward and make my first step in web designing ..... :)

所以任何人都可以调整我的代码并进行必要的更改，以便我向前推进并在网页设计中迈出第一步..... :)

4 个解决方案

#1

base.html

base.html文件

{% load static %}

<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/personnel_blog_hm.css' %}" type="text/css">

settings

设置

PROJECT_DIR  = os.path.dirname(__file__) 

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
    os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR, 'staticfiles'),
)

url

网址

from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.staticfiles.urls import staticfiles_urlpatterns
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.contrib import admin
admin.autodiscover()

urlpatterns = patterns('',
     url(r'^$', 'personnel_blog.views.home_page'),
     url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
)+ static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

urlpatterns += staticfiles_urlpatterns()

#2

Try changing your STATICFILES_DIRS setting to

尝试将STATICFILES_DIRS设置更改为

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static'),
)

#3

Your problem is related to this line:

您的问题与此行有关：

return render_to_response("home_page.html")

Django's template engine requires two things to properly render a template.

Django的模板引擎需要两件事才能正确呈现模板。

The template name
模板名称
A context variable
上下文变量

The context variable is a key/value dictionary listing all of the variables available to the template.

上下文变量是键/值字典，列出了模板可用的所有变量。

The render_to_response shortcut actually accepts two different context variable parameters.

render_to_response快捷方式实际上接受两个不同的上下文变量参数。

You're missing both.

你错过了两个。

Without these variables, the template doesn't have ANY variables available to it. So your {{ STATIC_URL }} template variable is probably blank.

没有这些变量，模板就没有可用的任何变量。所以你的{{STATIC_URL}}模板变量可能是空白的。

To correct, try this:

要更正，请尝试以下方法：

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.template import RequestContext

def home_page(request):
    return render_to_response("home_page.html", {}, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

#4

in settings.py try.

在settings.py中尝试。

PROJECT_DIR  = os.path.dirname(__file__)
...
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(PROJECT_DIR,'static')
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

my settings.py file is usually in same directory as static directory

我的settings.py文件通常与静态目录位于同一目录中

#1