ssh密钥创建分发(端口号非22)&脚本实现自动创建分发密钥

时间:2022-02-17 15:16:31

1.1 服务端端口号变化了,如何基于秘钥连接

1.1.1 环境准备

实验环境:

[root@test ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.9 (Final)

将一台服务器的ssh服务端口修改为63389

[root@test ~]# netstat -lntup|grep sshd

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:63389  0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      5083/sshd          

tcp        0      0 :::63389         :::*              LISTEN      5083/sshd   

1.1.2 通过另外一台服务器创建并分发密钥

第一个里程碑: 现创建密钥使用 ssh-keygen

[root@backup ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):   #指定密钥对的保存路径

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):        #为密钥对创建密码

Enter same passphrase again:                          #确认为密钥对创建的密码

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

72:48:65:1d:25:69:e1:4c:ae:2b:6f:a5:aa:70:96:1e root@backup

The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+     #2048表示加密的位数为2048

|        o.==.      |

|       o =+.       |

|      .  .+        |

|     . . .         |

|      o S           |

|     . o ..        |

|  . E . .o         |

|   = . oo           |

|    o..o.           |

+-----------------+

第二个里程碑:分发密钥,注意ssh的端口

[root@backup ~]# ssh-copy-id  -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub "-p63389 172.16.1.250"

The authenticity of host '[172.16.1.250]:63389 ([172.16.1.250]:63389)' can't be established.

RSA key fingerprint is d3:41:bb:0d:43:88:da:a3:2c:e8:36:91:11:c9:e4:9c.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added '[172.16.1.250]:63389' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

root@172.16.1.250's password:

Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '-p63389 172.16.1.250'", and check in:

 

  .ssh/authorized_keys   #分发到对端服务器后进行改名

 

to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

说明:

   通过 man 手册找到密钥分发的命令格式。

   -i 参数指定 公钥文件的存放位置

[use@]表示使用的用户,默认使用当前登陆的用户

-p 指定端口,主要要在双引号之间(通过cat `which ssh-copy-id` 命令脚本内容得知)

[root@backup ~]# man ssh-copy-id

Formatting page, please wait...

SSH-COPY-ID(1)                                                  SSH-COPY-ID(1)

NAME

       ssh-copy-id  -  install  your  public  key in a remote machine's autho-

       rized_keys

SYNOPSIS

第三个里程碑: 测试密钥登陆

[root@backup ~]# ssh 172.16.1.250 -p 63389

Last login: Wed Oct 18 15:42:05 2017 from 10.0.0.41

[root@test ~]#

1.2 如何实现自动创建秘钥对,同时分发公钥(编写脚本实现)

脚本内容:

[root@m01 ~]# vim /server/scripts/piliang_fenfa.sh
  1 #!/bin/bash
  2
  3 #make key
  4 \rm -f /root/.ssh/id_dsa
  5 ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /root/.ssh/id_dsa -P "" -q
  6
  7 #fengfagongyao
  8 for ip in 8 31 41
  9 do
 10 echo ====fenfa key to host 172.16.1.$ip====
 11 sshpass -p123456 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@172.16.1.$ip"
 12 echo ===============fenfa end==============
 13 echo ""
 14 done

脚本说明:

   ssh-keygen -t dsa -f /root/.ssh/id_dsa -P "" -q

   创建密钥,-f指定存放位置,-P 密钥加密的密码  -q 减少信息输出

sshpass -p123456 ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no root@172.16.1.$ip"

   这里需要安装一个软件 yum install sshpass -y 用来提供中户密码

ssh-copy-id 命令来分发密钥 -i 指定密钥本地存放的路径

-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no 在登陆其他服务器是不选择yes/no

for ip in 8 31 41

   这里使用for循环来对ip地址进行变化。