如何让Grep的输出与文件中的模式相同?

Good day.

美好的一天。

I used Grep to extract readings from a file according to pattern of an ID file.

我使用Grep根据ID文件的模式从文件中提取读数。

grep -w -f idFile.txt readingFile.txt

The ouput of Grep I obtained was:

我获得的Grep的输出是:

F47807  0.00    0.00    8.30
R02218  0.00    0.00    2.07
W74941  0.00    0.00    5.70
C15915  0.00    0.00    3.63
C16638  0.00    0.39    8.82
C16979  0.00    0.39    2.59

Let's say the ID file is:

假设ID文件是:

W74941
F47807
C15915
R02218
C16638
C16979

I would like to have the Grep output same pattern as the ID file like below:

我希望Grep输出的模式与下面的ID文件相同:

W74941  0.00    0.00    5.70
F47807  0.00    0.00    8.30
C15915  0.00    0.00    3.63
R02218  0.00    0.00    2.07
C16638  0.00    0.39    8.82
C16979  0.00    0.39    2.59

I tried with couple of Grep option but I failed to obtain what I want. Thus, could the community kindly please gives me some advice how can I do that?

我尝试了几个Grep选项，但没有得到我想要的。因此，社区能否给我一些建议，我该如何做呢?

Thank you very much for your time.

非常感谢您的时间。

3 个解决方案

#1

I don't know if you can do this with grep only, but if you make use of a bit of bash, you can do this:

我不知道你是否可以只使用grep，但是如果你使用一点bash，你可以这样做:

for line in $(cat idFile.txt)
    do grep "$line" readingFile.txt
done

This will go over the readingFile once for each id though, so if performance a worry, this won't help you.

这将为每个id检查一次读取文件，所以如果性能令人担心，这对您没有帮助。

Edit: Note that this assumes that the id's contain no spaces.

编辑:注意，这假定id不包含空格。

#2

this one-liner should work with your grep output and idfile:

这一行程序应该与您的grep输出和idfile一起工作:

awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$0;next}$1 in a&&$0=a[$1]' 

complete line:

完整的线:

awk 'NR==FNR{a[$1]=$0;next}$1 in a&&$0=a[$1]' <(grep -w -f idFile.txt readingFile.txt) idfile

#3

With a little bit of awk you can do something like this -

有一点awk，你可以做类似这样的事情。

awk 'NR==FNR {
    a[$1]=$0
    next 
} 
($1 in a) { 
    print a[$1] 
}' <(grep -w -f idFile.txt readingFile.txt) idfile

Explaination:

• awk is combination of /pattern/ {action} statements. Our first pattern NR==FNR ensures that our action is performed only on the first file passed to the awk (grep output in our case).
• awk是/pattern/ {action}语句的组合。我们的第一个模式NR==FNR确保我们的操作只在传递给awk的第一个文件上执行(在我们的例子中是grep输出)。
• Our action for this is to store it in an array.
• 我们的操作是将它存储在一个数组中。
• Once the first file is completed, our pattern will become false and second pattern-action statement will come in force.
• 一旦第一个文件完成，我们的模式将变为false，第二个模式操作语句将生效。
• Second pattern-action statements checks to see if first entry of your idfile is present in the array. If it is, it prints it. As a result you get the output based on the sequence found in idfile.
• 第二个模式操作语句检查idfile的第一个条目是否存在于数组中。如果是，就打印出来。因此，您可以根据在idfile中找到的序列获得输出。