WPF ContextMenu 在MVVM模式中绑定 Command及使用CommandParameter传参

时间:2022-05-22 11:23:13

原文:WPF ContextMenu 在MVVM模式中绑定 Command及使用CommandParameter传参

ContextMenu无论定义在.cs或.xaml文件中,都不继承父级的DataContext,所以如果要绑定父级的DataContext,直接DataContext=“{Binding}”是行不通的

不能绑父级,但是能绑资源

第一步:定义一个中间类用来做资源对象

 public class BindingProxy : Freezable
{
#region Overrides of Freezable protected override Freezable CreateInstanceCore()
{
return new BindingProxy();
} #endregion public object Data
{
get { return (object)GetValue(DataProperty); }
set { SetValue(DataProperty, value); }
} public static readonly DependencyProperty DataProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("Data", typeof(object), typeof(BindingProxy), new UIPropertyMetadata(null));
}

第二步:引用命名空间,在控件中定义资源

 <UserControl.Resources>
<libBinding:BindingProxy x:Key="BindingProxy" Data="{Binding}"/>
</UserControl.Resources>

第三步:绑定ContextMenu、MenuItem

(Button.Command 和 ContextMenu.IsOpen 的绑定部分可以不关注,这两个绑定是用来控制ContextMenu打开的)

 <Button Command="{Binding Customfold}">
<Button.ContextMenu>
<ContextMenu DataContext="{Binding Data,Source={StaticResource BindingProxy}}"
ItemsSource="{Binding ItemModelCollection}"
IsOpen="{Binding OpenCustomfold,Mode=OneWay}">
<ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style TargetType="MenuItem">
<Setter Property="Header" Value="{Binding ...}"/>
<Setter Property="Command" Value="{Binding ...}"/>
<Setter Property="CommandParameter" Value="{Binding ...}"/>
</Style>
</ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>
</ContextMenu>
</Button.ContextMenu>
<Image .../>
</Button>

第四步:传递参数

ContextMenu是它自身视觉树的根节点,所以即使通过RelativeSource.FindAncestor也找不到要传递的参数。

解决:可以通过PlacementTarget解决。微软对PlacementTarget的解释是:获取或设置UIElement,当它打开时相对于它确定ContextMenu的位置。应该可以理解为放置此ContextMenu的UIElement。

CommandParameter="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType=ContextMenu}, Path=PlacementTarget}"

如果要传递Item,如ListBox的SelectedItem:

CommandParameter="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor, AncestorType=ContextMenu}, Path=PlacementTarget.SelectedItem}"

参考:

http://www.thomaslevesque.com/2011/03/21/wpf-how-to-bind-to-data-when-the-datacontext-is-not-inherited/

http://*.com/questions/1580753/wpf-contextmenu-with-itemssource-how-to-bind-to-command-in-each-item