Linux平台安装MySQL总结

时间：2022-03-09 08:19:38

Linux下rpm方式安装mysql

1.第一步

从百度云盘里获取压缩包

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1bqb1A8n 密码: p5gb

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

 

2.第二步

使用Xshell连接服务器

首先将下载好的tar压缩文件放到服务器的文件夹中

解压.tar压缩文件

#tar -xf ***.tar (文件名省略)

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

注意：安装前先查询系统是否以及安装mysql，如果有需要将之前的mysql删除彻底。

参照博客：http://www.cnblogs.com/ziliangzhao/p/5705202.html 

3.首先安装MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm(对于顺序有要求)

开始安装server端

#rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

 

安装完成之后，会有提示：

提示一：安装好mysql-server之后会随机生成一个root账户的密码，保存在： /root/.mysql_secret   这里

提示二：安装好mysql-server之后第一次连接mysql的时候需要去修改一下这个默认的密码

在确定好这之后，需要执行命令：find / -name mysql   来寻找mysql-server的安装位置，如下：

/etc/logrotate.d/mysql                   
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql                      ----   启动文件
/usr/share/mysql                            ----   包含my-default.cnf文件

/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql                                 ----   数据库文件存放目录

然后再执行：  find / -name my.cnf    寻找mysql-server 的配置文件的位置，如下：

/usr/my.cnf

然后启动mysql-server，执行： /etc/init.d/mysql  start 

提示启动成功之后执行：ps -el | grep mysql

系统会列出mysqld的相关进程信息，说明mysql-server安装成功！

例子：安装完成后，提示信息（里面包含有用信息）

Linux平台安装MySQL总结Linux平台安装MySQL总结
 1 [root@i-B6DFC927 test]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
 2 Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
 3 1:MySQL-server ########################################### [100%]
 4 warning: user mysql does not exist - using root
 5 warning: group mysql does not exist - using root
 6 2016-07-26 14:59:11 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
 7 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
 8 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
 9 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
10 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
11 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
12 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
13 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
14 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
15 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
16 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
17 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
18 2016-07-26 14:59:11 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
19 2016-07-26 14:59:12 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
20 2016-07-26 14:59:13 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
21 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
22 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
23 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
24 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
25 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
26 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
27 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
28 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
29 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
30 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
31 2016-07-26 14:59:14 30041 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.22 started; log sequence number 0
32 A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'.
33 2016-07-26 14:59:16 30041 [Note] Binlog end
34 2016-07-26 14:59:16 30041 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
35 2016-07-26 14:59:16 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
36 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30041 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
37 
38 
39 2016-07-26 14:59:17 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
40 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
41 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
42 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
43 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
44 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
45 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
46 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
47 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
48 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
49 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
50 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
51 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
52 2016-07-26 14:59:17 30063 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.22 started; log sequence number 1625977
53 2016-07-26 14:59:18 30063 [Note] Binlog end
54 2016-07-26 14:59:18 30063 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
55 2016-07-26 14:59:18 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
56 2016-07-26 14:59:19 30063 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
57 
58  
59 
60 
61 A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
62 You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'.
63 
64 You must change that password on your first connect,
65 no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
66 See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.
67 
68 Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.
69 
70 In addition, you can run:
71 
72 /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
73 
74 which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
75 This is strongly recommended for production servers.
76 
77 See the manual for more instructions.
78 
79 Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
80 
81 The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
82 
83 http://www.mysql.com
84 
85 Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
86 
87 New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
88 will be used by default by the server when you start it.
89 You may edit this file to change server settings
View Code

 

4.紧接着安装mysql-client

#rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

由于安装好mysql-server之后没有办法在命令行下连接数据库，因此需要继续安装mysql-client，执行命令：

#rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

等一会儿之后系统会提示安装成功，这个时候，执行下面一步

5. 连接数据库

mysql -u root -p 来进行连接mysql，连接的时候需要输入密码，密码就是之前生成的那个随机密码，输入即可成功！

进入到mysql控制台之后，执行：show databases;   

发现系统提示需要先修改密码，于是：先exit系统，然后执行：mysqladmin -u root -p password 'new-passwd'

来修改密码，然后再次连接mysql，输入刚刚设置好的密码，然后继续执行show databases;命令，发现成功！

注意：如何查找安装成功后生成的随机密码

首先根据上面提示，随机生成一个root账户的密码，保存在： /root/.mysql_secret   这里；

执行：find / -name 寻找的文件

find / -name .mysql_secret 表示寻找随机密码存放在一个.mysql_secet文件中

vi /root/.mysql_secret 表示打开后缀名为.mysql_secret 的文件

获取到随机密码，如下图所示：

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

登陆账号mysql,以及更新密码已经验证成功如下图所示：

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

 

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

 

6. 安装的最后一步（还没完）

那么接下来就有个问题，是否还需要安装mysql-devel包？

尝试一下。。。。

执行：rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.20-1.el6.i686.rpm

提示安装成功，然后连接mysql，执行show databases; 依然可以。。。！

google一下：

MySQL-devel 貌似不是太必要～～

7.建好数据库后还要设置一下服务器访问权限

 账号/密码 为 root,12345

 如果你想root使用12345从任何主机连接到MySQL数据库服务器的话。使用如下授权权命令：

 执行： GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'IDENTIFIED BY '12345' WITH GRANT OPTION ;

 执行： FLUSH PRIVILEGES

Linux平台安装MySQL总结

这种表示大功告成！

8.新创建用户以及赋予用户权限

首先登陆mysql

# mysql -u root -p

输入密码登陆成功后

例子：

Linux平台安装MySQL总结Linux平台安装MySQL总结
 1 mysql> CREATE USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '12345';
 2 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
 3 
 4 mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user where user='root';
 5 +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
 6 | host | user | password |
 7 +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
 8 | % | root| *88A48FD2A9FBD6C1F702D44BAC5CC74235964905 |
 9 | localhost | root| *88A48FD2A9FBD6C1F702D44BAC5CC74235964905 |
10 +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
11 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
View Code

 再接着将赋予操作权限

赋予MySQL用户权限

一个新建的MySQL用户没有任何访问权限，这就意味着你不能在MySQL数据库中进行任何操作。你得赋予用户必要的权限。以下是一些可用的权限：

  • ALL: 所有可用的权限
  • CREATE: 创建库、表和索引
  • LOCK_TABLES: 锁定表
  • ALTER: 修改表
  • DELETE: 删除表
  • INSERT: 插入表或列
  • SELECT: 检索表或列的数据
  • CREATE_VIEW: 创建视图
  • SHOW_DATABASES: 列出数据库
  • DROP: 删除库、表和视图

运行以下命令赋予"myuser"用户特定权限。

  1. mysql> GRANT <privileges> ON <database>.<table> TO 'myuser'@'localhost';

以上命令中，<privileges> 代表着用逗号分隔的权限列表。如果你想要将权限赋予任意数据库（或表），那么使用星号（*）来代替数据库（或表）的名字。

例如，为所有数据库/表赋予 ALL 权限：

mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'yywl'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

参考网址：

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-03/114803.htm

http://my.oschina.net/u/1156660/blog/343154

http://www.zixijiaoshi.com/html/sjk/mysql/2015/0210/1821.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/hb_cattle/archive/2011/10/16/2213825.html

本人遇到的错误总结：

1
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)

这是由于修改mysql服务的了socket文件mysql.sock位置，而导致无法通过mysql socket文件连接到mysql服务引起的，具体解决办法如下：
1、查看mysql服务的socket文件位置：
mysql socket文件的位置是在/etc/my.cnf中设置的，cat /etc/my.cnf内容如下：

其中socket等于的路径就是socket文件的位置，我们只要修改my.cnf文件,告诉mysql,mysqldump,mysqladmin mysql服务的socket位置在哪里就可以。

参考网站 ： http://www.aiezu.com/db/mysql_cant_connect_through_socket.html

 

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