JavaScript封装单向链表的示例代码

时间:2021-08-04 14:17:18

使用JavaScript封装单向链表:

1. 封装LinkList的类,用于表示我们的链表结构。

2. 在LinkList类中有一个Node类,用于封装每一个节点上的信息(data与next)。

3. 在链表中保存两个属性,一个是链表的长度,一个是链表中的第一个节点。

4.封装一些链表的常用方法:

  • append(element):想列表尾部添加一个新的项;
  • insert(position,element):向列表的特定位置插入一个新的项;
  • get(position):获取对应位置的元素;
  • indexOf(element):返回元素在链表中的索引,如果链表中没有该元素则返回-1;
  • update(position,element):修改某个位置的元素;
  • removeAt(postion):从列表的特定位置移除一项;
  • remove(element):从列表中移除一项;
  • isEmpty():如果链表中不包含任何元素,返回true,否则返回false;
  • size():返回链表中包含元素的个数;
  • toString():输出链表元素的值;
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<script type="text/javascript">
    function LinkList(){
        /* 节点类 */
        function Node(data){
            this.data = data
            this.next = null
        }
        
        this.head = null
        this.length = 0
        /* 追加方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.append = function(data){
            /* 创建新节点 */
            var newNode = new Node(data)
            if(this.length === 0){
                this.head = newNode
            }else{
                /* 找到最后一个节点 */
                var current = this.head
                while(current.next){
                    current = current.next
                }
                current.next = newNode
            }
            this.length += 1
        }
 
        /* toString方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.toString = function(){
            var current = this.head
            var listString = ""
            
            while(current){
                listString += current.data +" "
                current = current.next
            }
            return listString
        }
 
        /* insert方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.insert = function(position,data){
            /* 对position进行越界判断 */
            if(position<0||position>this.length) return false
            var node = new Node(data)
            if(position == 0){
                node.next = this.head
                this.head = node
            }else{
                var index = 0
                var current = this.head
                var previous = null
                while(index++ < position){
                    previous = current
                    current = current.next
                }
                node.next = current
                previous.next = node
            }
            this.length += 1
            return true
        }
        
        /* get方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.get = function(position){
            /* 越界判断 */
            if(position<0 || position >= this.length) return null
            
            var current = this.head
            var index = 0
            while(index++ < position){
                current = current.next
            }
            return current.data
        }
 
        /* indexOf方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.indexOf = function(data){
            /* 定义变量 */
            var current = this.head
            var index = 0
            /* 开始查找 */
            while(current){
                if(current.data === data){
                    return index
                }else{
                    current = current.next
                    index += 1
                }
            }
            return -1
        }
 
        /* update方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.update = function(position,data){
            /* 越界判断 */
            if(position<0 || position >= this.length) return false
            
            var current = this.head
            var index = 0
            while(index++ < position){
                current = current.next
            }
            /* 修改data */
            current.data = data
            return true
        }
 
        /* removeAt方法 */
        LinkList.prototype.removeAt = function(position){
            /* 越界判断 */
            if(position<0 || position >= this.length) return null
            var current = this.head
            if(position === 0){
                this.head = this.head.next
            }else{
                var index = 0
                var previous = null
                while(index++ < position){
                    previous = current
                    current = current.next
                }
                previous.next = current.next
            }
            this.length -= 1
            return current.data
        }
        
        /* remove */
        LinkList.prototype.remove = function(data){
            /* 根据data找位置 */
            var position = this.indexOf(data)
            return this.removeAt(position)
        }
        
        LinkList.prototype.isEmpty = function(){
            return this.length === 0
        }
        
        LinkList.prototype.size = function(){
            return this.length
        }
        
    }
    
    
    /* 测试 */
    var list = new LinkList()
    list.append('a')
    list.append('b')
    list.append('c')
    console.log(list.toString()) /* a b c */
    
    list.insert(3,'d')
    console.log(list.toString())/* a b c d */
    
    console.log(list.get(2)) /* c */
    console.log(list.indexOf('d')) /* 3 */
    
    list.update(1,'bbb')
    console.log(list.toString()) /* a bbb c d */
    
    console.log(list.removeAt(2)) /* c */
    console.log(list.toString())/* a bbb d */
    
    console.log(list.remove('a'))
    console.log(list.toString())/* bbb d */
    
    console.log(list.isEmpty()) /* false */
    
    console.log(list.size()) /* 2 */
</script>

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原文链接:https://www.tanj.com.cn/article/detail/5e7ee9a08fa9d27c3b788fa8