asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

时间:2021-08-15 05:54:11

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件</ br>

在项目中我们经常会遇到要求将一些数据导出成Excel或者Word表格的情况,比如中国移动(我是中国移动用户)网上查话费的页面中就有一个导出到Excel的功能,光大网上银行查看历史明细也有这些功能....,原本以为这个问题不难的,不过看到网上经常有朋友问,于是我整理了一下,供大家参考。

  前台页面:

<%@PageLanguage="C#"CodeFile="ExportDemo.aspx.cs"Inherits="ExportDemo"%>
<!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDXHTML1.0Transitional//EN""http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<htmlxmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<headrunat="server">
  <title>GridView导出到Excel或Word文件——周公的博客:http://blog.csdn.net</title>
</head>
<body>
  <formid="form1"runat="server">
  <div>
    <asp:GridViewID="gvPersonList"runat="server">
      <Columns>
        <asp:BoundFieldDataField="Id"HeaderText="编号"/>
        <asp:BoundFieldDataField="Name"HeaderText="姓名"/>
        <asp:TemplateFieldHeaderText="性别">
          <ItemTemplate>
            <%#eval_r("Sex").ToString()=="true"?"男":"女"%>
          </ItemTemplate>
        </asp:TemplateField>
        <asp:BoundFieldDataField="Age"HeaderText="年龄"/>
        <asp:TemplateFieldHeaderText="婚否">
          <ItemTemplate>
            <%#Boolean.Parse(eval_r("Married").ToString())==true?"是":"否"%>
          </ItemTemplate>
        </asp:TemplateField>
      </Columns>
    </asp:GridView>
    <asp:ButtonID="btnToExcel"runat="server"OnClick="btnToExcel_Click"Text="导出到Excel"/>
    <asp:ButtonID="btnToWord"runat="server"OnClick="btnToWord_Click"Text="导出到Word"/>
  </div>
  </form>
</body>
</html>
后台代码:

usingSystem;
usingSystem.Data;
usingSystem.Configuration;
usingSystem.Collections;
usingSystem.Web;
usingSystem.Web.Security;
usingSystem.Web.UI;
usingSystem.Web.UI.WebControls;
usingSystem.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
usingSystem.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
///<summary>
///程序说明:这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示,我采用了自动生成DataTable,然后绑定。
///同时为了初学者查看代码方便,关键处我都做了注释。
///对程序说明,在asp.net1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格,所以无需overridevoidVerifyRenderingInServerForm(Controlcontrol)这个方法
///但在asp.net2.0中,控件的校验严格了,RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功,
///在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导,你明明写在服务器控件Form内,它照样会这样提醒你,
///实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不overrideVerifyRenderingInServerForm
///就会报错。我们overridevoidVerifyRenderingInServerForm(Controlcontrol)这个方法,里面不写任何代码即可
///作者:周公
///日期:2008-5-16
///网址:http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn
///</summary>
publicpartialclassExportDemo:System.Web.UI.Page
{
  privatestringfirstName="赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华";
  privatestringlastName="猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲";
  protectedvoidPage_Load(objectsender,EventArgse)
  {
    if(!Page.IsPostBack)
    {
      BindGridView();
    }
  }
  privatevoidBindGridView()
  {
    DataTablemyData=CreateDataTable();
    Session["MyData"]=myData;
    gvPersonList.DataSource=myData;
    gvPersonList.DataBind();
  }
  //手动生成DataTable
  privateDataTableCreateDataTable()
  {
    DataTabledata=newDataTable();
    DataColumndcId=newDataColumn("ID",typeof(Int32));
    //设置ID列自动递增
    dcId.AutoIncrement=true;
    //设置ID列初始值为1
    dcId.AutoIncrementSeed=1;
    //设置ID列递增步长为1
    dcId.AutoIncrementStep=1;
    //将ID列添加到DataTable中
    data.Columns.Add(dcId);
    data.Columns.Add(newDataColumn("Name",typeof(string)));
    data.Columns.Add(newDataColumn("Age",typeof(int)));
    data.Columns.Add(newDataColumn("Sex",typeof(bool)));
    data.Columns.Add(newDataColumn("Married",typeof(bool)));
    DataRowdataRow=null;
    Randomrandom=newRandom();
    //随机生成20条记录
    for(inti=0;i<20;i++)
    {
      dataRow=data.NewRow();
      //随机生成姓名
      dataRow["Name"]=firstName.Substring(random.Next(firstName.Length),1)+lastName.Substring(random.Next(lastName.Length),1);
      //随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄
      intage=random.Next(20,100);
      dataRow["Age"]=age;
      //随即设置性别
      boolsex=(random.Next(100)%2==0)?true:false;
      dataRow["Sex"]=sex;
      if(((sex==true)&&(age>=22))||((sex==false)&&(age>=20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁,女性结婚年龄大于20周岁
      {
        dataRow["Married"]=(random.Next(500)%2==0)?true:false;
      }
      else
      {
        dataRow["Married"]=false;
      }
      data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
    }
    returndata;
  }
  //override掉这个方法
  publicoverridevoidVerifyRenderingInServerForm(Controlcontrol)
  {
    //注释掉下面的代码,否则在asp.net2.0下会报错(注:GridView是asp.net2.0下的控件,1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word)
    //base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control);
  }
  protectedvoidbtnToExcel_Click(objectsender,EventArgse)
  {
    Response.Clear();
    Response.BufferOutput=true;
    //设定输出的字符集
    Response.Charset="GB2312";
    //假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls
    Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=FileName.xls");
    Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
    //设置导出文件的格式
    Response.ContentType="application/ms-excel";
    //关闭ViewState
    EnableViewState=false;
    System.Globalization.CultureInfocultureInfo=newSystem.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN",true);
    System.IO.StringWriterstringWriter=newSystem.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
    System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWritertextWriter=newSystem.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
    gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
    //把HTML写回浏览器
    Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
    Response.End();
  }
  //导出成Word文件
  protectedvoidbtnToWord_Click(objectsender,EventArgse)
  {
    Response.Clear();
    Response.BufferOutput=true;
    //设定输出的字符集
    Response.Charset="GB2312";
    //假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc
    Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=FileName.doc");
    Response.ContentEncoding=System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312");
    ////设置导出文件的格式
    Response.ContentType="application/ms-word";
    //关闭ViewState
    gvPersonList.EnableViewState=false;
    System.Globalization.CultureInfocultureInfo=newSystem.Globalization.CultureInfo("ZH-CN",true);
    System.IO.StringWriterstringWriter=newSystem.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
    System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWritertextWriter=newSystem.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
    gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
    ////把HTML写回浏览器
    Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
    Response.End();
  }
}

运行效果:

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

asp.net教程:GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

  需要说明的是:在asp.net2.0环境下,VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法不override的话,则会出现“错误提示:类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内”这个错误

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