本文转自：http://www.jnan.org/archives/2010/12/cannot-find-the-declaration-of-element-beans.html
今天向服务器部署一个console java app之后，启动时发现程序出现异常：
Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException:
Line 10 in XML document from class path resource [app-config.xml] is invalid;
nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element ‘beans’.
然后去看看app-config.xml里的schema声明部分，是这样写的：
<beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd” >
很明显，有关’beans’的声明都放在http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd里面了。可能是网络原因，访问不倒导致解析app-config.xml失败，致使程序抛出异常。
打开spring-beans-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar一看，那个xsd文件就在org.springframework.beans.factory.xml包下面，这下子好办了，把xsd文件的引用全改为本地的就行了：
<beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
classpath:/org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.0.xsd” >