keepalived+haproxy实现web服务的高可用和负载均衡

时间：2021-11-23 01:30:30

简介:

keepalived是一个类似于layer3, 4 & 5交换机制的软件，也就是我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第5层交换.Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态,如果有一台web服务器死机,或工作出现故障，Keepalived将检测到,并将有故障的web服务器从系统中剔除,当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中,这些工作全部自动完成,不需要人工干涉,需要人工做的只是修复故障的web服务器.

 

Haproxy 反向代理服务器,支持双机热备支持虚拟主机,但其配置简单，拥有非常不错的服务器健康检查功能,当其代理的后端服务器出现故障, HAProxy会自动将该服务器摘除,故障恢复后再自动将该服务器加入.新的1.3引入了frontend,backend,frontend根据任意HTTP请求头内容做规则匹配,然后把请求定向到相关的backend.

 

实验环境以及服务器信息:

 

OS:   RedHat  AS 5.1

 

软件列表:       keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz       haproxy-1.4.13.tar.gz

 

服务器信息: Master server  10.10.0.99   (调度主服务器)

Slave server    10.10.0.98   (从调度服务器)

       VIP: 10.10.0.97                   (调度服务器的虚拟IP)

 

Real server:

10.10.0.96

10.10.0.95

安装keepalived

#  tar zxvf  keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz

#  cd keepalived-1.2.2

#  ./configure �C-prefix=/usr/local/keepalived

#  make&&make install

#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#  mkdir /etc/keepalived
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
#  cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

#  chkconfig �Cadd keepalived

#  chkconfig  keepalived on

#  vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

global_defs {

notification_email {

xxxxxx@139.com

}

notification_email_from xxxxxx@139.com

smtp_server mail.139.com

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state MASTER

interface eth1

virtual_router_id 51

priority 100

advert_int

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1111
    }

virtual_ipaddress {

10.10.0.97

}

}

virtual_server 10.10.0.97 80 {

    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind DR
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 10.10.0.95 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }


    real_server 10.10.0.96 80 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_timeout 10
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
        }
    }

}

关于keepalived配置文件的选项解释可以去网上搜下 由于选项参数居多这里就不说明了

#  service keepalived start    

 

安装haproxy

#   tar zxvf  haproxy-1.4.13.tar.gz

#   mv  haproxy-1.4.13 haproxy

#   cd haproxy

#   make TARGET=linux26  

#   vi /usr/local/haproxy/conf/haproxy.conf

#   mkdir �Cp /var/chroot/haproxy

 

global
        chroot /var/chroot/haproxy
        daemon
        gid     0
        log 127.0.0.1 local3
        nbproc  2
        pidfile /var/run/haproxy-private.pid

        ulimit   -n        65535
        user    root
        maxconn         32000
        spread-checks           4
        tune.maxaccept          8
        tune.maxpollevents      100
defaults sxit
        log     global
        mode    http
        option  httplog
        option  dontlognull
        log 127.0.0.1 local3
        retries 3
        option redispatch
        maxconn     32000
        contimeout      5000
        clitimeout        50000
        srvtimeout       50000
listen  sxit 0.0.0.0:80
        appsession JSESSIONID len 52 timeout 3h
        cookie SRV insert indirect nocache
        mode http
        stats enable
        stats hide-version
        stats uri  /haproxy-stats
        stats realm Haproxy\ statistics
        stats auth sxit:sxit

        stats refresh 3s
        monitor-uri /haproxy_test
        balance roundrobin
        option httpclose
        option forwardfor
        option httpchk HEAD /index.html HTTP/1.0
        server s1 10.10.0.95:80 check inter 2000  weight 3
        server s3 10.10.0.96:80 check inter 2000  weight 3
        

# /usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy �Cf  /usr/local/haproxy/config/haproxy.config

 

如果启动没有报什么错误的话,就在浏览器上输入如下地址

http://10.10.0.97/haproxy-stats  (查看服务器状态信息的页面,登录的时候输入上面设置的账号和密码sxit),页面状态如下：

 keepalived+haproxy实现web服务的高可用和负载均衡

测试负载均衡效果以及高可用性

负载均衡测试:

   启动真实服务器的web服务,在2个真实服务器上创建2个首页文件,内容分别为test1和test2,如果在浏览器*问web服务每次刷新既显示test1又显示tetst2就说明负载均衡已经生效了.

高可用性测试:

拔掉主调度服务器的网线或者关闭主调度服务器,看下VIP是否顺利的切换到从调度器,假如切换正常,那就说明keepalived已经成功生效了.

本文出自 “Devops” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://wiliiwin.blog.51cto.com/928128/648188

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