Mybatis 使用 mapper 接口规范的 一对一, 一对多,多对多映射

时间:2023-03-10 06:20:29
Mybatis 使用 mapper 接口规范的 一对一, 一对多,多对多映射

首先的 是 最原始的 pojo 类来 做简单映射

简单 pojo 映射:

<mapper namespace="com.ghc.dao.UserDao">

    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id}
</select>

简单 pojo 映射文件的配置

以下都是对于原始基本的 pojo 类 进行包装扩展后来实现 其他列的映射

一对一:

<resultMap id="findUserOrderMapper" type="com.ghc.pojo.UserOrderWrapperFirst"> <!--因为继承自Order类,所以这些都可以看做是Order这个对象的基本属性-->
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="user_id"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/> <!--配置映射关联的用户信息-->
<!-- association: 用于映射关联查询单个对象的信息-->
<!---->
<association property="user" javaType="com.ghc.pojo.User"> <!--此处本可以写成user 但是为了突出就不用别名了 下面都是封装 wrapper 包装类的user对象到一个User的bean中-->
<id column="user_id" property="id"/> <!--唯一标识用户的列就是主外键列 user_id 是 Order 的基本属性-->
<result column="username" property="userName"/>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
</association>
</resultMap> <select id="findUserOrder" resultMap="findUserOrderMapper">
select o.*,u.* from user u join orders o on u.id = o.user_id
</select>

OneToOne

一对多:

 <resultMap id="findOneToManyMap" type="com.ghc.pojo.UserOrderWrapper">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="user_id"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/>
<association property="user" javaType="user">
<id column="user_id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="userName"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
</association> <collection property="orderDetails" ofType="com.ghc.pojo.OrderDetail">
<id column="odtid" property="id"/>
<result column="items_id" property="itemsId"/>
<result column="items_num" property="itemsNum"/>
<result column="orders_id" property="ordersId"/>
</collection>
</resultMap> <select id="findOneToMany" resultMap="findOneToManyMap">
select o.*,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address,
odt.id as odtid,
odt.items_id,
odt.items_num,
odt.orders_id
from user u join orders o on u.id = o.user_id
join orderdetail odt on o.id = odt.orders_id
</select>

OneToMany映射文件的配置

多对多:

关键还是在于 mapper.xml 文件的书写

<resultMap id="findManyToManyMap" type="user">
<!--主表 user 表-->
<id column="user_id" property="id"/>
<result column="username" property="userName"/>
<result column="sex" property="sex"/>
<result column="address" property="address"/>
<!--从表 order 表映射到 orderList-->
<collection property="orderList" ofType="com.ghc.pojo.Orders">
<id column="id" property="id"/>
<result column="user_id" property="user_id"/>
<result column="number" property="number"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
<result column="note" property="note"/> <!--从表 orderDetail 表映射到 orderDetailList-->
<collection property="orderDetailList" ofType="com.ghc.pojo.OrderDetail">
<id column="odtid" property="id"/>
<result column="items_id" property="itemsId"/>
<result column="items_num" property="itemsNum"/>
<result column="orders_id" property="ordersId"/>
<!-- 而 orderDetail 这张表的 itemid 外键只对应 items 表中一条数据,所以此处用association-->
<association property="item" javaType="com.ghc.pojo.Items">
<id column="item_id" property="id"/>
<result column="name" property="name"/>
<result column="price" property="price"/>
<result column="detail" property="detail"/>
<result column="pic" property="pic"/>
<result column="createtime" property="createtime"/>
</association>
</collection>
</collection>
</resultMap> <select id="findManyToMany" resultMap="findManyToManyMap">
select o.id,
o.user_id,
o.number,
o.createtime,
o.note,
u.username,
u.sex,
u.address,
odt.id as odtid,
odt.items_id,
odt.items_num,
odt.orders_id,
i.id as item_id,
i.name,
i.price,
i.detail,
i.pic,
i.createtime
from user u join
orders o on u.id = o.user_id
join orderdetail odt on o.id = odt.orders_id
join items i on odt.items_id = i.id
</select>

ManyToMany映射文件的配置

上面配置文件都写完后,就可以进行 mapper 接口 mapper.java 的编写了

顺便贴上 相应的 pojo (User 里 包含一个 List<Orders>  然后 Orders 里又包含一个 List<OrderDetail>  最后 OrderDetail 里包含一个 Item ) 修改后的样子:

也就是 数据库的 主从表之间的外键关系,

User ------> Order  (1:n)

Order  -----> OrderDetail  (1:n)

OrderDetail ----> Item (1:1)

下面开始 贴 多对多的  pojo 部分的 代码了 (我觉得 多对多都会了 其他的都不在话下,所以其他的没必要贴了):

package com.ghc.pojo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List; public class User {
private int id;
private String userName;
private Date birthday;
private String sex;
private String address;
// 一个人有多个订单
private List<Orders> orderList;
public List<Orders> getOrderList() {
return orderList;
} public void setOrderList(List<Orders> orderList) {
this.orderList = orderList;
} public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getUserName() {
return userName;
} public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
} public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
} public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
} public String getSex() {
return sex;
} public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
} public String getAddress() {
return address;
} public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}

com.ghc.pojo.User

package com.ghc.pojo;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List; public class Orders {
private int id;
private int user_id;
private String number;
private Date createtime;
private String note; public List<OrderDetail> getOrderDetailList() {
return orderDetailList;
} public void setOrderDetailList(List<OrderDetail> orderDetailList) {
this.orderDetailList = orderDetailList;
} // 一个订单可以有多个订单明细
private List<OrderDetail> orderDetailList; public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public int getUser_id() {
return user_id;
} public void setUser_id(int user_id) {
this.user_id = user_id;
} public String getNumber() {
return number;
} public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
} public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
} public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
} public String getNote() {
return note;
} public void setNote(String note) {
this.note = note;
}
}

com.ghc.pojo.Orders

package com.ghc.pojo;

public class OrderDetail {
private int id;
private int ordersId;
private int itemsId;
private int itemsNum; //而一个订单明细对应一条项目
private Items item; public Items getItem() {
return item;
} public void setItem(Items item) {
this.item = item;
} public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public int getOrdersId() {
return ordersId;
} public void setOrdersId(int ordersId) {
this.ordersId = ordersId;
} public int getItemsId() {
return itemsId;
} public void setItemsId(int itemsId) {
this.itemsId = itemsId;
} public int getItemsNum() {
return itemsNum;
} public void setItemsNum(int itemsNum) {
this.itemsNum = itemsNum;
}
}

com.ghc.pojo.OrderDetail

package com.ghc.pojo;

import java.util.Date;

public class Items {
private int id;
private String name;
private float price;
private String detail;
private String pic;
private Date createtime; public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public float getPrice() {
return price;
} public void setPrice(float price) {
this.price = price;
} public String getDetail() {
return detail;
} public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
} public String getPic() {
return pic;
} public void setPic(String pic) {
this.pic = pic;
} public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
} public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
}

com.ghc.pojo.Items

package com.ghc.dao;

import com.ghc.pojo.User;
import com.ghc.pojo.UserOrderWrapper;
import com.ghc.pojo.UserOrderWrapperFirst; import java.util.List; public interface UserDao {
User findUserById(int id) throws Exception;
List<UserOrderWrapperFirst> findUserOrder() throws Exception;
List<UserOrderWrapper> findOneToMany() throws Exception;
List<User> findManyToMany() throws Exception;
}

UserDao

如果经常要打印输出,建议在 pojo 中 覆写 toString,不然就要跟下面这么苦逼的 拼 String 打印了

import com.ghc.dao.UserDao;

import com.ghc.pojo.*;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test; import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List; public class UserDaoTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory; @Before
public void injectSqlSessionFactory() throws IOException {
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("config/SqlMappingConfig.xml"));
} @Test
public void testFindUserById() throws Exception {
UserDao userDao = sqlSessionFactory.openSession().getMapper(UserDao.class);
User user = userDao.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user.getUserName()); List<UserOrderWrapperFirst> userOrderWrapperFirstList = userDao.findUserOrder();
for (UserOrderWrapperFirst userOrder : userOrderWrapperFirstList) {
String userName = userOrder.getUser().getUserName();
int orderId = userOrder.getId();
System.out.println(userName + " <-----> " + String.valueOf(orderId)); }
} @Test
public void testFindOneToMany() throws Exception {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<UserOrderWrapper> userOrderWrappers = userDao.findOneToMany();
for (int i = 0; i < userOrderWrappers.size(); i++) {
UserOrderWrapper uow = userOrderWrappers.get(i);
List<OrderDetail> orderDetails = uow.getOrderDetails();
User user = uow.getUser();
for (int j = 0; j < orderDetails.size(); j++) {
System.out.print(uow.getId() + "--" + uow.getUser_id() + "--" + uow.getNumber() + "--" + uow.getCreatetime() + "--" + uow.getNote() + "--");
System.out.print(user.getUserName() + "--" + user.getSex() + "--" + user.getAddress() + "--");
OrderDetail odt = orderDetails.get(j);
System.out.println(odt.getId() + "--" + odt.getItemsId() + "--" + odt.getItemsNum() + "--" + odt.getOrdersId());
}
}
} @Test
public void testFindManyToMany() throws Exception {
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
List<User> userList = userDao.findManyToMany();
for (User user : userList) {
List<Orders> orderList = user.getOrderList();
for (Orders order : orderList) {
List<OrderDetail> orderDetailList = order.getOrderDetailList();
for (OrderDetail orderDetail : orderDetailList) {
Items item = orderDetail.getItem();
System.out.println(order.getId() + "--" + order.getUser_id() + "--" + order.getNumber() + "--" + order.getCreatetime() +
"--" + order.getNote() +"--" + user.getUserName() + "--" + user.getSex() + "--" +
user.getAddress() + "--" + orderDetail.getId() + "--" + orderDetail.getItemsId() + "--" + orderDetail.getItemsNum() + "--" +
orderDetail.getOrdersId() + "--" + item.getId() + "--" + item.getName() + "--" + item.getName() + "--" + item.getPrice() + "--" +
item.getDetail() + "--" + item.getPic() + "--" + item.getCreatetime());
}
}
}
}
}

Junit 测试Mapper 接口方法

测试结果 与数据库基本一致 :

Mybatis 使用 mapper 接口规范的 一对一, 一对多,多对多映射

Mybatis 使用 mapper 接口规范的 一对一, 一对多,多对多映射

至此, mybatis 的 所谓高级部分全部完成(动态 sql 部分另开一篇去说好了),实际项目开发的时候,单表是采用 generator 逆向工程生成 pojo,mapper.xml , mapper.java 的

但是也需要配置数据库连接,表信息等等。。。到一个 generatorconfig.xml 这样类似的 一个 配置文件里,然后调用生成工具的代码进行生成。

但是懂了原理,任他怎么来都容易理解了。