Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

时间：2021-10-16 17:13:11

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

这几天逼着交Java，借鉴各位师傅的做出来这么个简陋的东西，各位大师傅不要笑我。（学都没有学过Java的我，QAQ~)

下面针对的都是SQL Server系列的连接，如果你使用MySQL那么不必看关于连接数据库的介绍。

数据库驱动JDBC在Ecilpse安装教程：点击进入

项目及素材下载链接：点击下载

常见问题：

端口拦截

连接数据库时，端口被防火墙拦截，检查端口是否开放，然后重启sql server服务。

代码使用

在使用代码时，需要额外创建一个包，如图创建

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

数据库账号密码问题

Java连接数据库需要SQL登录方式，需要账号密码，如果说不知道自己是否是混合登录，或者说忘记密码，可以这样做：

打开数据库软件，连接数据库(Windows登录就可以了）。

右键你的本地数据库

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

打开属性，点击安全性，查看是否是SQL Server和Windows混合登录。（不是就点上）

接着依次打开安全性-->登录名，那个sa就是我的管理员账号。

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

双击点开，就可以在账号框和密码框进行账号名，密码更改，最后确认就行。

如果没有账号的话，右键登录名，选择新建登录名，重新创建一个SQL登陆方式的账户。

查看自己的数据库名称：

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

Java学生管理系统（连接数据库查询）超详细

这个“master”就是我的数据库名称，同时也储存着我的数据。

代码：

Login.java

import java.awt.Color;

import java.awt.Cursor;

import java.awt.Font;

import java.awt.Image;

import java.awt.Point;

import java.awt.Toolkit;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;

import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;

import javax.swing.ButtonGroup;

import javax.swing.Icon;

import javax.swing.ImageIcon;

import javax.swing.JButton;

import javax.swing.JFrame;

import javax.swing.JLabel;

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

import javax.swing.JPanel;

import javax.swing.JPasswordField;

import javax.swing.JRadioButton;

import javax.swing.JTextField;

import pack.VerCode;

public class Login {

    String StudentAccount="123456";

    String StudentPassWord="123456";

    JLabel L, L1, L2, L3, L4, BK;

    JTextField te1, te3;

    JPasswordField te2;

    JRadioButton value1, value2;

    JButton B1, B2;

    ButtonGroup bg;

    JPanel jp1,jp2,jp3,jp4;

    //设置图标

    Icon v1 = new ImageIcon("p3.png");

    Icon v2 = new ImageIcon("p4.png");

    Icon v3 = new ImageIcon("p5.png");

    Icon v4 = new ImageIcon("p6.png");

    private VerCode VerCode = new VerCode();//引用验证码函数

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Login frame=new Login();

        frame.show();

    }

        JFrame frame=new JFrame();//frame界面

    public void show() {

        setBackgroudImage();

         Toolkit tk = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();//默认加载方式

         Image image = new ImageIcon(getClass().getResource("p6.png")).getImage();//设置光标图片

         Cursor cursor = tk.createCustomCursor(image, new Point(10, 10), "biubiubiu");//光标image属性，指定光标中心，光标文字描述

         frame.setCursor(cursor);

        L1=new JLabel("<html>账号:</html>");

        L1.setIcon(v1);

        te1=new JTextField(80);

        //设置密码窗口，使用'*'隐藏密码

        L2=new JLabel("<html>密码:</html>");

        L2.setIcon(v2);

        te2=new JPasswordField(80);//

        te2.setEchoChar('*');

        L4 = new JLabel("验证码:");

        L4.setIcon(v3);

        te3=new JTextField(80);

        //设置登录身份选择按钮

        jp2 = new JPanel();

        L3 = new JLabel("身份:");

        L3.setIcon(v4);

        value2=new JRadioButton("学生");

        SetBt(value2);

        //设置位置和大小

        L1.setBounds(60, 90, 60, 40);

        L2.setBounds(60, 140, 60, 40);

        L3.setBounds(60, 240, 60, 40);

        L4.setBounds(60, 190, 60, 40);

        jp2.setBounds(80, 240, 60, 40);

        te1.setBounds(130, 90, 150, 30);

        te2.setBounds(130, 140, 150, 30);

        te3.setBounds(130, 190, 150, 30);

        VerCode.setBounds(290, 190, 100, 40);

        value2.setBounds(120, 240, 60, 40);

        //设置'登录'及'重置'按钮

        B1=new JButton("登录");

        B1.setBounds(120, 280, 80, 40);

        SetBt(B1);

        ButtonListener li1=new ButtonListener(te1,te2);             

        B2=new JButton("注册");

        B2.setBounds(250, 280, 80, 40);

        SetBt(B2);

        ButtonListener li2=new ButtonListener(te1,te2);

        //设置监听

        B1.addActionListener(li1);

        B2.addActionListener(li2);  

        //组键添加到窗口

        frame.setLayout(null);

        //frame.add(L);

        frame.add(L1);

        frame.add(te1);

        frame.add(L2);

        frame.add(te2);

        frame.add(L3);

        frame.add(value2);

        frame.add(L4);

        frame.add(te3);

        frame.add(VerCode);

        frame.add(B1);

        frame.add(B2);

        frame.setVisible(true);//窗体设置为可见

        frame.setTitle("学生管理系统");

        frame.setSize(700,403);

        frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        frame.setResizable(false);

    }

    private void SetBt(JButton b12) {

        b12.setBackground(new Color(102, 0, 204));//设置色值

        b12.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 24));//设置字体，样式。字号

        b12.setOpaque(false);//设置控件透明

        b12.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());

    }

    private void SetBt(JRadioButton b12) {

        b12.setBackground(new Color(102, 0, 204));

        b12.setFont(new Font("Dialog", Font.BOLD, 15));

        b12.setOpaque(false);//设置控件透明

        b12.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());

    }

    public boolean isValidCodeRight() {//判断验证码是否有效

        if(te3 == null) {

            return false;

        }else if(VerCode == null) {

            return true;

        }else if(VerCode.getCode() .equals(te3.getText())) {

            return true;

        }else

            return false;

    }

    private void setBackgroudImage() {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

         ((JPanel) frame.getContentPane()).setOpaque(false);

            ImageIcon img = new ImageIcon("3.gif"); // 添加图片

            BK = new JLabel(img);

            frame.getLayeredPane().add(BK, new Integer(Integer.MIN_VALUE));

            BK.setBounds(0, 0, img.getIconWidth(), img.getIconHeight());

    }

    //创建类实现接口

    public  class ButtonListener implements java.awt.event.ActionListener{    //实现ActionListener 接口 implement

        JTextField te1=new JTextField();               //传参

        JPasswordField te2=new JPasswordField();

        Function hua=new Function();                       //一个画板对象

        ButtonListener(JTextField te1,JPasswordField te2) {//重载 窗体上的账号框，密码框传到监听上来

            this.te1=te1;

            this.te2=te2;

        }

        public ButtonListener(JTextField ID) {

            // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

        }

        @Override

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ch) {

            // TODO Auto-generated method stub

             if(ch.getActionCommand()=="登录")

                {

                 if(te3.getText().isEmpty()) {

                        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "请输入验证码!");

                    }else {

                        if(!isValidCodeRight()) {

                            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "验证码错误,请重新输入!","错误",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

                            hua.bClear(te3);

                        }

                        else if(value2.isSelected())

                        {

                        hua.Student(StudentAccount, StudentPassWord, te1, te2, frame, hua);//学生

                        }

                        else if(ch.getActionCommand()=="重置")

                        {

                            hua.Clear(te1, te2);

                        }

                    }

                }

        }

    }

}

VerCode.java

package pack;

import java.awt.Color;

import java.awt.Dimension;

import java.awt.Font;

import java.awt.FontMetrics;

import java.awt.Graphics;

import java.awt.Graphics2D;

import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;

import java.awt.event.MouseListener;  

import java.util.Random;  

import javax.swing.JComponent;  

public class VerCode extends JComponent implements MouseListener {  

    private String typeface;  

    private int V1, V2 = 30;  

    private int Len = 4;  

    private Random random = new Random();  

    public VerCode() {

        V1 = this.Len * 16 + (this.Len - 1) * 10;

        setPreferredSize(new Dimension(V1, V2));

        setSize(V1, V2);

        this.addMouseListener(this);

        setToolTipText("点击可以更换验证码");

    }  

    public int getCodeLength() {

        return Len;

    }  

    //设置验证码长度

    public void setCodeLength(int Len) {

        if(Len < 4) {

            this.Len = 4;

        } else {

            this.Len = Len;

        }  

    }  

    public String getCode() {

        return typeface;

    }  

    //产生随机颜色

    public Color getRandColor(int min, int max) {  

        if (min > 255)

            min = 255;

        if (max > 255)

            max = 255;

        int red = random.nextInt(max - min) + min;

        int green = random.nextInt(max - min) + min;

        int blue = random.nextInt(max - min) + min;

        return new Color(red, green, blue);

    }

    //设置验证码字母

    protected String generateCode() {

        char[] codes = new char[this.Len];

        for (int i = 0, len = codes.length; i < len; i++) {

            if (random.nextBoolean()) {

                codes[i] = (char) (random.nextInt(26) + 65);

            } else {

                codes[i] = (char) (random.nextInt(26) + 97);

            }

        }

        this.typeface = new String(codes);

        return this.typeface;

    }  

    @Override

    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {

        super.paintComponent(g);

        if(this.typeface == null || this.typeface.length() != this.Len) {

            this.typeface = generateCode();

        }

        V1 = this.Len * 16 + (this.Len - 1) * 10;

        super.setSize(V1, V2);

        super.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(V1, V2));

        Font mFont = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD | Font.ITALIC, 25);

        g.setFont(mFont);

        //绘制验证码的背景的矩形轮廓

        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;

        g2d.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));

        g2d.fillRect(0, 0, V1, V2);

        g2d.setColor(getRandColor(180, 200));

        g2d.drawRect(0, 0, V1 - 1, V2 - 1);

        //绘制验证码背景的线

        int i = 0, len = 150;

        for (; i < len; i++) {

            int x = random.nextInt(V1 - 1);

            int y = random.nextInt(V2 - 1);

            int x1 = random.nextInt(V1 - 10) + 10;

            int y1 = random.nextInt(V2 - 4) + 4;

            g2d.setColor(getRandColor(180, 200));

            g2d.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);

        }  

        //绘制出验证码的具体字母

        i = 0; len = this.Len;

        FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();

        int base = (V2 - fm.getHeight())/2 + fm.getAscent();

        for(;i<len;i++) {

            int b = random.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1;

            g2d.rotate(random.nextInt(10)*0.01*b);

            g2d.setColor(getRandColor(20, 130));

            g2d.drawString(typeface.charAt(i)+"", 16 * i + 10, base);

        }

    }  

    //下一个验证码

    public void nextCode() {

        generateCode();

        repaint();

    }  

    @Override

    public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {  

        nextCode();

    }  

    @Override

    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  

    }  

    @Override

    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  

    }  

    @Override

    public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  

    }  

    @Override

    public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {

        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  

    }

}

Function.java

import java.awt.*;

import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;

import java.awt.event.*;

import java.sql.*;

import javax.swing.*;

public class Function extends JFrame implements ActionListener{

    String StuID, Stud_Name;

    String num;

    JTextField ID;

    JButton Select;

    JPanel Va, Vb;

    JTable ival;

    JScrollPane qval;

    DefaultTableModel rval;

    JLabel label;

    static Connection ct;

    PreparedStatement ps;

    ResultSet rs;

    //Connect connect = new Connect();

    //学生登录界面

    public void StudentShow() {

        Icon v1 = new ImageIcon("p3.png");

        Va=new JPanel();

        label=new JLabel();

        label.setIcon(v1);

        label.setText("学号");

        ID = new JTextField(15);

        Select=new JButton("查询");

        Select.addActionListener(this);

        //界面表格名添加

        String[] colnames = { "学号","姓名", "学院", "Java", "Python", "数据结构"};

        rval = new DefaultTableModel(colnames, 3);

        ival = new JTable(rval);

        qval = new JScrollPane(ival);

        Va = new JPanel();

        Vb = new JPanel();

        Va.add(label);

        Va.add(ID);

        Va.add(Select);

        Vb.add(qval);

        //查询位置调整

        this.add(Va,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.add(Vb);

        //界面属性设置

        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null); //居中

        this.setVisible(true);

        this.setSize(500,600);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        this.setTitle("学生管理系统");

    }

    //学生登录判断

     public void Student(String StudentAccount, String  StudentPassWord,JTextField te1, JPasswordField te2, JFrame frame, Function hua)

        {

         if(StudentAccount.equals(te1.getText())&&StudentPassWord.equals(te2.getText()))

            {

                 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "登录成功！");

                frame.setVisible(false);//窗口不可见

                hua.StudentShow();//调用一个画板对象中的函数 弹出一个界面

            }else if(te1.getText().isEmpty()&&te2.getText().isEmpty())

            {

                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "请输入账号或密码");

            }else if(te1.getText().isEmpty())

            {

                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"请输入用户名！");

            }else if(te2.getText().isEmpty())

            {

                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"请输入密码！");

            }else

            {

                JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this,"<html>账户或密码错误！！！<br>请重新输入</html>","错误",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

                //清空输入框

                Clear(te1, te2);

            }

 }

        //清空文本框和密码框

        public void Clear(JTextField te1, JPasswordField te2) {

            te1.setText("");

            te2.setText("");

        }

        //清空密码

        public void aClear(JPasswordField te2)

        {

            te2.setText("");

        }

        public void bClear(JTextField te3)

        {

            te3.setText("");

        }

        public  class ButtonListener implements java.awt.event.ActionListener{    //实现ActionListener 接口 implement

            JTextField te1=new JTextField();               //传参

            JPasswordField te2=new JPasswordField();

            Function hua=new Function();                       //一个画板对象

            ButtonListener(JTextField te1,JPasswordField te2) {//重载 窗体上的账号框，密码框传到监听上来

                this.te1=te1;

                this.te2=te2;

            }

            public ButtonListener(JTextField ID) {

                // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

            }

            @Override

            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {

                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

        }

        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ch) {

            if(ch.getActionCommand()=="查询")

            {

                Connect.ConnectSQL();//连接数据库

                Connect.GetStudeInfor(ID.getText());//获取ID

                ID.setText("");

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.sID, 0, 0);

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.sname, 0, 1);

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.Dept, 0 , 2);

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.Java, 0, 3);

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.Python, 0, 4);

                ival.setValueAt(Connect.DataStructure, 0, 5);

            }

        }

}

Connect.java

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import java.sql.Statement;

import javax.swing.JOptionPane;

import java.awt.Cursor;

public class Connect {

    static String sID, sname, Dept, Java, Python, DataStructure;

    static Connection Co;

    static PreparedStatement nValue;

    static ResultSet ResultInfor;

    static Statement ST;

    //数据库连接函数

    public static void ConnectSQL() {

        String url = "jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=master;";//master是自己储存数据的数据库名

        try {

            // 连接数据库

            Co = DriverManager.getConnection(url, "sa", "biubiubiu");//sa是SQL账号，后面是密码

            // 建立Statement对象

            ST = Co.createStatement();

        } catch (SQLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"<html>数据库连接错误！！！<br>请联系管理员修复。</html>","错误",JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);

        }

    }

     public static void GetStudeInfor(String Str) {

            try {

                // 给?赋值,防止SQL注入，

                 String sql = "select * from Infor where Stud_ID = ?";

                 nValue = Co.prepareStatement(sql);

                 nValue.setString(1, Str);

                 ResultInfor = nValue.executeQuery();

                 if(ResultInfor.next())

                 {

                    //获取学生信息

                    sID = ResultInfor.getString("Stud_ID");

                    sname = ResultInfor.getString("Stud_Name");

                    Dept = ResultInfor.getString("Stud_Dept");

                    Java = ResultInfor.getString("JavaGrade");

                    Python = ResultInfor.getString("PythonGrade");

                    DataStructure = ResultInfor.getString("DataStructureGrade");

                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "查询成功！");

                 }else

                 {

                     JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "没有此学生！");

                 }  

             } catch (Exception e1) {

                // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                e1.printStackTrace();

             }

        }

}

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