c# Unity依赖注入WebService

时间:2023-03-09 18:09:43
c# Unity依赖注入WebService

1.IOC与DI简介

  IOC全称是Inversion Of Control(控制反转),不是一种技术,只是一种思想,一个重要的面相对象编程的法则,它能知道我们如何设计出松耦合,更优良的程序。传统应用程序都是由我们在类内部主动创建依赖对象,从而导致类与类之

间高耦合,难于测试;有了IoC容器后,把创建和查找依赖对象的控制权交给了容器,由容器进行注入组合对象,所以对象与对象之间是松散耦合,这样也方便测试,利于功能复用,更重要的是使得程序的整个体系结构变得非常灵活。其实IoC

对编程带来的最大改变不是从代码上,而是从思想上,发生了“主从换位”的变化。应用程序原本是老大,要获取什么资源都是主动出击,但是在IoC/DI思想中,应用程序就变成被动的了,被动的等待IoC容器来创建并注入它所需要的资源

了。  

  IoC很好的体现了面向对象设计法则之—— 法则:“别找我们,我们找你”;即由IoC容器帮对象找相应的依赖对象并注入,而不是由对象主动去找。

  DI全称是Dependency Injection(依赖注入),是组件之间依赖关系有容器在运行期决定,即由容器动态的将某个依赖关系注入到组件之中,依赖注入的目的并非软件系统带来更多的功能,

而是为了提升组件重用的频率,并为系统搭建一个灵活可扩展的平台。通过依赖注入机制,我们只需要通过简单的配置,而无需代码指定目标需要的资源,完成自身的业务逻辑,而不需要关心具体的资源来自何处

  DI的关键是:“谁依赖谁,为什么需要依赖,谁注入水,注入了什么”

2.Unity IOC简介

  Unity是一个IOC容器,用来实现依赖注入(DI)减少耦合,出自于微软。

  组件地址:http://unity.codeplex.com/

3.使用Unity依赖注入编写Web ServiceDemo

  a。使用NuGet程序包管理安装引用Unity  

  b。在Global.asax中配置容器

  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using WebServiceDemo.Impl;
using WebServiceDemo.Interface; namespace WebServiceDemo
{
public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication,IContainerAccessor
{ private static IUnityContainer _container; public static IUnityContainer Container {
get { return _container; }
set { _container = value; } } IUnityContainer IContainerAccessor.Container
{
get
{
return Container;
}
} protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ log4net.Config.XmlConfigurator.Configure();
CreateContainer();
} protected void Session_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected void Application_AuthenticateRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected void Session_End(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected void Application_End(object sender, EventArgs e)
{ } protected virtual void CreateContainer()
{
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer(); container.RegisterType<IWebServiceDemo, WebServiceDemo>(); Container = container;
}
}
}

  

  c。创建服务接口基类

  

using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using WebServiceDemo.Interface; namespace WebServiceDemo.Services
{
public abstract class BaseService<T> :System.Web.Services.WebService where T:class
{
public BaseService()
{
InjectDependencies();
} protected virtual void InjectDependencies()
{
HttpContext context = HttpContext.Current; if (context == null)
return; IContainerAccessor accessor = context.ApplicationInstance as IContainerAccessor; if (accessor == null)
return; IUnityContainer container = accessor.Container; if (container==null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Container on Global Application Class is Null. Cannot perform BuildUp.");
} container.BuildUp(this as T); }
}
}

  d。创建实现服务的接口和实现类

  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using WebServiceDemo.Dto; namespace WebServiceDemo.Interface
{
public interface IWebServiceDemo
{
RespResult<ResultOutput> AddResult(int a,int b);
}
}

  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using WebServiceDemo.customize;
using WebServiceDemo.Dto;
using WebServiceDemo.Interface; namespace WebServiceDemo.Impl
{
public class WebServiceDemoImpl : IWebServiceDemo
{ private static readonly ILog log = LogManager.GetLogger(typeof(BeingSweptServiceImpl)); public RespResult<ResultOutput> AddResult(int a,int b)
{
return a+b; }
}
}

  

  e。创建配置Webservice

  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using WebServiceDemo.customize;
using WebServiceDemo.Interface;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using WebServiceDemo.Dto; namespace WebServiceDemo.Services
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for MainSweepService
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
[System.ComponentModel.ToolboxItem(false)]
// To allow this Web Service to be called from script, using ASP.NET AJAX, uncomment the following line.
// [System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class ServiceDemoService : BaseService<ServiceDemoService>
{
[Dependency]
public IWebServiceDemo _webServiceDemo
{
get; set;
} public ServiceDemoService () : base()
{ } [WebMethod(Description ="加法")]
public RespResult<ResultOutput> AddResult(int a,int b)
{
return this._webServiceDemo.AddResult(a,b);
} } }