Linux下搭建Oracle11g RAC(3)----创建用户及配置相关文件

配置11gR2 RAC需要安装Oracle Grid Infrastructure软件、Oracle数据库软件，其中Grid软件等同于Oracle 10g的Clusterware集群件。Oracle建议以不同的用户分别安装Grid Infrastructure软件、Oracle数据库软件，我们这里以grid用户安装Grid Infrastructure，oracle用户安装Oracle数据库软件。并且grid、oracle用户需要属于不同的用户组。在配置RAC时，还要求这两个用户在RAC的不同节点上uid、gid要一致。用户、组的对应信息见下表：

Group Name	Group ID	Group Info	Oracle User(1100)	Grid User(1101)
oinstall	1000	Inventory Group	Y	Y
dba	1300	OSDBA Group	Y
oper	1301	OSOPER Group	Y
asmadmin	1200	OSASM		Y
asmdba	1201	OSDBA for ASM	Y	Y
asmoper	1202	OSOPER for ASM		Y

1.创建用户和组

groupadd -g 1000 oinstall

groupadd -g 1200 asmadmin
groupadd -g 1201 asmdba
groupadd -g 1202 asmoper

groupadd -g 1300 dba
groupadd -g 1301 oper

useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
echo "grid" | passwd --stdin grid2014
echo "export TMP=/tmp">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export TMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm">> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "export EDITOR=vi" >> /home/grid/.bash_profile
echo "umask 022">> /home/grid/.bash_profile

useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle2014
echo "export TMP=/tmp">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export TMPDIR=$TMP'>>/home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1.db.com">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_SID=orcl1">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.2.0/db_1'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export ORACLE_TERM=xterm">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib'>> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "export EDITOR=vi" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
echo "umask 022">> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

测试

[root@node1 shell]# id grid

uid=1100(grid) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1200(asmadmin),1201(asmdba),1202(asmoper)

[root@node1 shell]# id oracle

uid=1101(oracle) gid=1000(oinstall) groups=1000(oinstall),1201(asmdba),1300(dba),1301(oper)

[root@node1 shell]#

说明：在节点node2上执行该脚本时，需要将grid用户环境变量ORACLE_SID修改为+ASM2，oracle用户环境变量ORACLE_SID修改为devdb2,ORACLE_HOSTNAME环境变量修改为node2.localdomain

2.建路径、改权限

关于grid、oracle用户的环境变量配置信息，见下述表格。

Environment Variable	Grid User	Oracle User
ORACLE_BASE	/u01/app/grid	/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME	/u01/app/11.2.0/grid	/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID [node1]	+ASM1	devdb1
ORACLE_SID [node2]	+ASM2	devdb2

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid
chmod -R 775 /u01

[root@node1 shell]# cd /u01/app/

[root@node1 app]# ll

total 12

drwxrwxr-x 3 grid oinstall 4096 Apr 24 10:06 11.2.0

drwxrwxr-x 2 grid oinstall 4096 Apr 24 10:06 grid

drwxrwxr-x 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Apr 24 10:06 oracle

[root@node1 app]#

3. 修改/etc/security/limits.conf，配置oracle、grid用户的shell限制

cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.bak
echo "oracle soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "oracle hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid soft nproc 2047" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid hard nproc 16384" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid soft nofile 1024" >>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo "grid hard nofile 65536" >>/etc/security/limits.conf

4. 修改/etc/pam.d/login配置文件

cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login.bak
echo "session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login
echo "session required pam_limits.so" >>/etc/pam.d/login

5. 修改/etc/profile文件

cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.bak
echo 'if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then' >> /etc/profile
echo 'if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -p 16384' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -n 65536' >> /etc/profile
echo 'else' >> /etc/profile
echo 'ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536' >> /etc/profile
echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile
echo 'fi' >> /etc/profile

6.修改内核配置文件

cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.bak
echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "fs.file-max = 6815744" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmall = 2097152" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmax = 1054472192" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.shmmni = 4096" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.rmem_max = 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_default = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.core.wmem_max = 1048586" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304" >> /etc/sysctl.conf

7. 停止ntp服务，11gR2新增的检查项

[root@node1 ~]# service ntpd status

ntpd is stopped

[root@node1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd off

[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/ntp

ntp/ ntp.conf

[root@node1 ~]# cp /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.bak

[root@node1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/ntp.conf

[root@node1 ~]#

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