案例说明：
前面一层nginx+Keepalived部署的LB,后端两台web服务器部署了多实例的tomcat，通过https方式部署nginx反向代理tomcat请求。配置一如下：
1）LB层的nginx配置 访问http强制转到https
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /data/nginx/conf/vhosts/80-www.kevin.com.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name kevin.com www.kevin.com; access_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-error.log; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
} https反向代理的配置
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /data/nginx/conf/vhosts/443-www.kevin.com.conf
upstream scf_cluster {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
}
upstream portal_cluster {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9040;
server 192.168.10.21:9040;
}
upstream file_cluster{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
}
upstream workflow_cluster{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
}
upstream batch_cluster{
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
} server {
listen 443;
server_name www.kevin.com; ssl on;
ssl_certificate /data/nginx/conf/ssl/kevin.cer;
ssl_certificate_key /data/nginx/conf/ssl/kevin.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4:!DH:!DHE;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; access_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-error.log; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} rewrite /portal-pc https://www.kevin.com break; location / {
proxy_pass http://portal_cluster/portal-pc/;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } location /scf {
proxy_pass http://scf_cluster/scf;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } location /msdp-file {
proxy_pass http://file_cluster/msdp-file;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } location /upload {
proxy_pass http://file_cluster/upload;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } location /activiti-workflow-console {
proxy_pass http://workflow_cluster/activiti-workflow-console;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } location /batch-framework-web {
proxy_pass http://batch_cluster/batch-framework-web;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off;
}
} 以上配置中，需要注意：
访问https://www.kevin.com 要求和访问http://192.168.10.20:9040/portal-pc/ 结果一致
访问https://www.kevin.com/portal-pc 要求和访问https://www.kevin.com 结果一致 2）后端两台机器192.168.10.20和192.168.10.21的tomcat配置。两台配置一致，这里以192.168.10.20配置为例：
[root@bl2-app01 ~]# cat /data/release/projects/tomcat_app_9020/conf/server.xml
......
<Connector port="9020" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
......
<Connector port="9029" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> [root@bl2-app01 ~]# cat /data/release/projects/tomcat_portal_9040/conf/server.xml
......
<Connector port="9040" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="4443" URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
......
<Connector port="9049" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="4443" />
.....
===============================================================================
配置二：也可以采用如下proxy_redirect配置（指定修改被代理服务器返回的响应头中的location头域跟refresh头域数值）（注意下面proxy_redirect里由http -> https的代理返回设置）
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /data/nginx/conf/vhosts/443-www.kevin.com.conf
upstream scf_cluster {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
}
upstream portal_cluster {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9040;
server 192.168.10.21:9040;
}
upstream file_cluster{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
}
upstream workflow_cluster{
ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
}
upstream batch_cluster{
server 192.168.10.20:9020;
server 192.168.10.21:9020;
} server {
listen 443;
server_name www.kevin.com; ssl on;
ssl_certificate /data/nginx/conf/ssl/bigtree.cer;
ssl_certificate_key /data/nginx/conf/ssl/bigtree.key;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4:!DH:!DHE;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; access_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/www.kevin.com-error.log; error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
} location /scf {
proxy_pass http://scf_cluster/scf;
proxy_redirect http://scf_cluster/scf https://www.kevin.com/scf;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
} location / {
proxy_pass http://portal_cluster/portal-pc/;
proxy_redirect http://portal_cluster/portal-pc/ https://www.kevin.com/;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
} location /msdp-file {
proxy_pass http://file_cluster/msdp-file;
proxy_redirect http://file_cluster/msdp-file https://www.kevin.com/msdp-file;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
} location /upload {
proxy_pass http://file_cluster/upload;
proxy_redirect http://file_cluster/upload https://www.kevin.com/upload;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
} location /activiti-workflow-console {
proxy_pass http://workflow_cluster/activiti-workflow-console;
proxy_redirect http://workflow_cluster/activiti-workflow-console https://www.kevin.com/activiti-workflow-console;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
} location /batch-framework-web {
proxy_pass http://batch_cluster/batch-framework-web;
proxy_redirect http://batch_cluster/batch-framework-web https://www.kevin.com/batch-framework-web;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
}
} ======================温馨提示========================
上面启用了proxy_redirect配置（http->https），配置中就不需要"proxy_set_header Host $host;"，即不需要"添加发往后端服务器的请求头"的配置了
================================================================================
如上，配置了80端口的http访问强制跳转为443端口的https访问方式：
1）如果域名配置为https的访问方式，则上面配置一和配置二都可以。
2）如果域名配置为http的访问方式，则如上配置一后，访问的结果都只会跳转到https的首页，故这种情况下需如上配置二。
如下，访问http://bpm.kevin.com的结果只会在强制跳转为https://www.kevin.com
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /data/nginx/conf/vhosts/bpm.kevin.com.conf
upstream os-8080 {
#ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15s;
server 192.168.10.21:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15s;
} server {
listen 80;
server_name bpm.kevin.com; access_log /data/nginx/logs/bpm.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/bpm.kevin.com-error.log; location / {
proxy_pass http://os-8080;
proxy_redirect off ;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_connect_timeout 300;
proxy_send_timeout 300;
proxy_read_timeout 600;
proxy_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m;
#proxy_cache mycache;
#proxy_cache_valid 200 302 1h;
#proxy_cache_valid 301 1d;
#proxy_cache_valid any 1m;
} error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
} 如果想要访问http://bpm.kevin.com的结果不强制跳转为https://www.kevin.com，则需要启用proxy_redirect的配置：
[root@external-lb01 ~]# cat /data/nginx/conf/vhosts/bpm.kevin.com.conf
upstream os-8080 {
#ip_hash;
server 192.168.10.20:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15s;
server 192.168.10.21:8080 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=15s;
} server {
listen 80;
server_name bpm.kevin.com; access_log /data/nginx/logs/bpm.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/bpm.kevin.com-error.log; location / {
proxy_pass http://os-8080;
proxy_set_header Host $host; //注意这个是http请求，没有http->https转发需求，必须要加上这个proxy_set_header设置，否则代理转发返回的头信息会有误！
proxy_redirect http://os-8080/ http://bpm.kevin.com/;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_502 http_503 http_504 http_404;
} error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
===============================================================================
nginx做前端代理分发，tomcat处理请求。nginx反代tomcat实现https有二个方法
一、nginx配置https，tomcat也配置https
1）nginx配置https
upstream https_tomcat_web {
server 127.0.0.1:8443;
} server {
listen 443;
server_name www.test.com;
index index.html;
root /var/www/html/test; ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/go.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/go.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1.2;
# ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location ~ ^/admin {
proxy_pass https://https_tomcat_web; //是https的
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 100m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_connect_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 30;
proxy_read_timeout 30;
proxy_buffer_size 8k;
proxy_buffers 8 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
} error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
} error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html {
} } 2）tomcat的https配置,配置文件server.xml
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector port="8001" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8091"
protocol="AJP/1.3"
redirectPort="8443" /> //添加以下内容
<Connector port="8443"
protocol="HTTP/1.1"
SSLEnabled="true"
scheme="https"
secure="false"
keystoreFile="cert/gotom.pfx"
keystoreType="PKCS12"
keystorePass="214261272770418"
clientAuth="false"
SSLProtocol="TLSv1+TLSv1.1+TLSv1.2"
ciphers="TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256,TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256" /> ..................省略....................
</Service> 配置好后重新启动nginx，tomcat，就可以https访问了，这也是现在比较常见采用的配置方式 。 二、nginx采用https，tomcat采用http
1）nginx配置https
upstream https_tomcat_web {
server 127.0.0.1:8001;
} server {
listen 443;
server_name www.test.com;
index index.html;
root /var/www/html/test; ssl on;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/go.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/go.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1.2;
# ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location ~ ^/admin {
proxy_pass http://https_tomcat_web; //是http的
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 100m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
proxy_connect_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 30;
proxy_read_timeout 30;
proxy_buffer_size 8k;
proxy_buffers 8 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
} error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
} error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html {
} } 2）tomcat的http配置,配置文件server.xml
<Service name="Catalina">
<Connector port="8001" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="443" /> //在这里重新定向到了443端口 <Connector port="8091"
protocol="AJP/1.3"
redirectPort="443" /> ..................省略....................
</Service>
重启nginx，tomcat，https就配置好了。
=====================Nginx非80端口代理转发配置=======================
注意：nginx使用非80端口转发时，proxy_set_header配置中的$host后面一定要跟端口！如下篇配置（proxy_set_header Host $host:8080; ）。否则访问会有问题！（当https访问时，已配置了http强转https，则$host后面不需加443端口）。
[root@ng-lb01 vhosts]# cat fax.kevin.com.conf
upstream fax {
server 192.168.10.34:8080;
} server {
listen 8080;
server_name fax.kevin.com; access_log /data/nginx/logs/fax.kevin.com-access.log main;
error_log /data/nginx/logs/fax.kevin.com-error.log; location / {
proxy_pass http://fax;
proxy_set_header Host $host:8080;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http;
proxy_redirect off; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}