Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作

时间:2023-03-09 20:50:40
Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作

android中数据库操作是非常常见了,我们会经常用到,操作的方法也有很多种形式,这里我就把最常见的两种形式记录下来了,以备以后用到方便查看。我就不写注释和解释了,因为android数据库的操作和其它数据库操作本质上都是一样的,大同小异。需要的一些基本解释都在代码中,直接上代码了。

简单的代码文件目录:

Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作Android学习记录(2)—Android中数据库的常见操作

首先这个类是数据库帮助类,DBHelper.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.db;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; /**
* 数据库帮助类,继承android自带的SQLiteOpenHelper 主要用于数据库的创建与更新
*
* @author loonggg
*
*/
public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { public DBHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DBInfo.DB.DB_NAME, null, DBInfo.DB.DB_VERSION);
} @Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL(DBInfo.Table.USER_INFO_CREATE);
} @Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL(DBInfo.Table.USER_INFO_DROP);
onCreate(db);
} }

其次是数据库信息类,DBInfo.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.db;

/**
* 数据库信息类,主要是保存一些数据库的版本,名字,及数据库表的创建语句和表的信息等,通过这个类记录,方便操作
*
* @author loonggg
*
*/
public class DBInfo {
/**
* 数据库信息
*
* @author loonggg
*
*/
public static class DB {
// 数据库名称
public static final String DB_NAME = "test.db";
// 数据库的版本号
public static final int DB_VERSION = 1;
} /**
* 数据库表的信息
*
* @author loonggg
*
*/
public static class Table {
public static final String USER_INFO_TB_NAME = "user_table";
public static final String USER_INFO_CREATE = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "
+ USER_INFO_TB_NAME
+ " ( _id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,userId text,userName text)";
public static final String USER_INFO_DROP = "DROP TABLE"
+ USER_INFO_TB_NAME;
}
}

再次是数据库操作类,DBService.java,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List; import net.loonggg.db.DBHelper;
import net.loonggg.db.DBInfo.Table;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; /**
* 数据库操作类,这个类主要的功能是:存放数据库操作的一些方法 这里有一些例子:包含数据库的增删改查,分别有两种方法的操作,各有优缺点,都在解释中
*
* @author loonggg
*
*/
public class DBService {
private DBHelper dbHelper = null; public DBService(Context context) {
dbHelper = new DBHelper(context);
} /**
* 添加一条记录到数据库
*
* @param id
* @param name
*/
public void add(String id, String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
// 不好之处:无返回值,无法判断是否插入成功
db.execSQL("insert into user_table (userId,userName) values (?,?)",
new Object[] { id, name });
db.close();
} public long addAndroid(String id, String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("userId", id);
values.put("userName", name);
// 好处:有返回值
long result = db.insert(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, null, values);// 返回值是插入的是第几行,大于0代表添加成功
db.close();
return result;
} /**
* 查询某条记录是否存在
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
public boolean find(String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(
"select * from user_table where userName = ?",
new String[] { name });
boolean result = cursor.moveToNext();
db.close();
return result;
} public boolean findAndroid(String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.query(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, null, "userName = ?",
new String[] { name }, null, null, null);
boolean result = cursor.moveToNext();// true代表查找到了
db.close();
return result;
} /**
* 修改一条记录
*
* @param id
* @param name
*/
public void update(String id, String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
// 缺点无返回值
db.execSQL("update user_table set userName = ? where userId = ?",
new Object[] { name, id });
db.close();
} public int updateAndroid(String id, String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("userName", name);
// 返回值大于0代表修改更新成功
int result = db.update(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, values, "userId = ?",
new String[] { id });
db.close();
return result;
} /**
* 删除一条记录
*
* @param name
*/
public void delete(String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
db.execSQL("delete from user_table where userName = ?",
new String[] { name });
db.close();
} public int deleteAndroid(String name) {
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
int result = db.delete(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, "userName = ?",
new String[] { name });// 返回值为受影响的行数,大于0代表成功
db.close();
return result;
} /**
* 返回所有的数据库信息
*
* @return
*/
public List<HashMap<String, String>> findAll() {
List<HashMap<String, String>> list = null;
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select * from user_table", null);
if (cursor.getCount() > 0) {
list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("userId"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("userName"));
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("id", id);
map.put("name", name);
list.add(map);
}
}
cursor.close();
db.close();
return list;
} public List<HashMap<String, String>> findAllAndroid() {
List<HashMap<String, String>> list = null;
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = db.query(Table.USER_INFO_TB_NAME, new String[] {
"userId", "userName" }, null, null, null, null, null);
if (cursor.getCount() > 0) {
list = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("userId"));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor
.getColumnIndex("userName"));
HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("id", id);
map.put("name", name);
list.add(map);
}
}
cursor.close();
db.close();
return list;
} }

最后是MainActivity,简单的调用了一下,这些操作,代码如下:

package net.loonggg.test;

import net.loonggg.service.DBService;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button; public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private Button queryOne;
private Button insert;
private Button update;
private Button delete;
private Button findAll;
private DBService service; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
queryOne = (Button) findViewById(R.id.queryOne);
insert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.insert);
update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
delete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete);
findAll = (Button) findViewById(R.id.findAll);
queryOne.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
insert.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
update.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
delete.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
findAll.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener());
service = new DBService(this);
} class ButtonListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.queryOne:
// service.find("loonggg");
service.findAndroid("loonggg");
break;
case R.id.insert:
// service.add("1", "loonggg");
service.addAndroid("2", "heihei");
break;
case R.id.update:
// service.update("1", "timmy");
service.updateAndroid("1", "haha");
break;
case R.id.delete:
// service.delete("timmy");
service.deleteAndroid("heihei");
break;
case R.id.findAll:
// service.findAll();
service.findAllAndroid();
break; default:
break;
}
}
} }

还有MainActivity对应的布局文件,activity_main.xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" > <Button
android:id="@+id/queryOne"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="查询一条记录" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/insert"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="添加" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/update"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="修改" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/delete"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="删除" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/findAll"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="查询全部" /> </LinearLayout>

到这里就介绍完了,这些代码并不高深,之所以记录下来,是留着以后用到的时候方便查看,当然这个代码对于初学者,还是非常有帮助的。

转载请说明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/loongggdroid/article/details/17463777