field.setAccessible(true) 简介

时间:2023-03-09 04:06:08
field.setAccessible(true) 简介

今天查看别人写的代码时,发现这样一句代码,顿时来了兴趣。

需要注意setAccessible 并不是在Field中的,而是在AccessibleObject中。

下面是AccessibleObject的解释:

意思是 AccessibleObject  类是 Field Method Constructor 类的基类。它提供反射对象绕过Java语言权限控制检查的权限。

当Fields Methods Constructors被用来set get 对象域,调用方法或者产生初始化对象实例的时候会践行权限检查(public default(package) protected private)。

将反射对象中的 accessible 标志位设置为 true,就意味着允许客户端拥有超级权限,比如Java对象序列化 或者 其他持久化机制等通常禁止的机制。

所以我们在accessible 标志位设置为true 的时候需要非常谨慎,这会带来一定的安全隐患。

**
* The AccessibleObject class is the base class for Field, Method and
* Constructor objects. It provides the ability to flag a reflected
* object as suppressing default Java language access control checks
* when it is used. The access checks--for public, default (package)
* access, protected, and private members--are performed when Fields,
* Methods or Constructors are used to set or get fields, to invoke
* methods, or to create and initialize new instances of classes,
* respectively.
*
* <p>Setting the {@code accessible} flag in a reflected object
* permits sophisticated applications with sufficient privilege, such
* as Java Object Serialization or other persistence mechanisms, to
* manipulate objects in a manner that would normally be prohibited.
*
* <p>By default, a reflected object is <em>not</em> accessible.
*
* @see Field
* @see Method
* @see Constructor
* @see ReflectPermission
*
* @since 1.2
*/

下面是 field.setAccessible(true);  方法的解释。

意思就是改方式是用来设置获取权限的。

如果 accessible 标志被设置为true,那么反射对象在使用的时候,不会去检查Java语言权限控制(private之类的);

如果设置为false,反射对象在使用的时候,会检查Java语言权限控制。

需要注意的是,设置为true会引起安全隐患。

    /**
* Set the {@code accessible} flag for this object to
* the indicated boolean value. A value of {@code true} indicates that
* the reflected object should suppress Java language access
* checking when it is used. A value of {@code false} indicates
* that the reflected object should enforce Java language access checks.
*
* <p>First, if there is a security manager, its
* {@code checkPermission} method is called with a
* {@code ReflectPermission("suppressAccessChecks")} permission.
*
* <p>A {@code SecurityException} is raised if {@code flag} is
* {@code true} but accessibility of this object may not be changed
* (for example, if this element object is a {@link Constructor} object for
* the class {@link java.lang.Class}).
*
* <p>A {@code SecurityException} is raised if this object is a {@link
* java.lang.reflect.Constructor} object for the class
* {@code java.lang.Class}, and {@code flag} is true.
*
* @param flag the new value for the {@code accessible} flag
* @throws SecurityException if the request is denied.
* @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
* @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
*/

下面举例说明一下它的用处

1、首先新建一个bean类---Book

public class Book {
public String getBookId() {
return bookId;
} public void setBookId(String bookId) {
this.bookId = bookId;
} public String getBookName() {
return BookName;
} public void setBookName(String bookName) {
BookName = bookName;
} private String bookId;
private String BookName;
}

2、创建工具类,使用反射来进行对象的set操作。

public class ReflectUtil {

    private static Field getField(Object obj, String fieldName)
{
Field field = null;
for (Class<?> clazz = obj.getClass(); clazz != Object.class; clazz = clazz.getSuperclass())
{
try
{
field = clazz.getDeclaredField(fieldName);
break;
}
catch (NoSuchFieldException e)
{
System.out.println("catch NoSuchFieldException.");
//这里不用做处理,子类没有该字段可能对应的父类有,都没有就返回null。
}
}
return field;
} /**
* 利用反射设置指定对象的指定属性为指定的值.
*
* @param obj 目标对象
* @param fieldName 目标属性
* @param fieldValue 目标值
*/
public static void setFieldValue(Object obj, String fieldName, String fieldValue)
{
Field field = ReflectUtil.getField(obj, fieldName);
if (field != null)
{
try
{
field.setAccessible(true);
field.set(obj, fieldValue);
System.out.println("success!");
}
catch (IllegalArgumentException e)
{
System.out.println("++++++setFieldValue IllegalArgumentException:::+++++++" + e);
}
catch (IllegalAccessException e)
{
System.out.println("++++++setFieldValue IllegalAccessException:::+++++++" + e);
}
}
} }

3、测试,首先注释调下面这行代码,然后在main方法中调用反射工具类进行变量set。

field.setAccessible(true);
public class Test3 {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException {
Book book = new Book();
ReflectUtil.setFieldValue(book,"bookId","1");
} }

下面是结果,报错,表示不能对private域进行操作。

field.setAccessible(true) 简介

我们将注释取消,再运行一下,发现成功了。

field.setAccessible(true) 简介

这就证明了field.setAccessible(true)的用处是赋予反射对象超级权限,绕过语言权限检查。