解析Spring第四天（Spring中的事物、Spring框架来管理模板类）

时间：2023-03-09 18:31:58
解析Spring第四天（Spring中的事物、Spring框架来管理模板类）
  • JDBC模板技术：

    Spring框架中提供了很多持久层的模板类来简化编程，使用模板类编写程序会变的简单

    • template 模板
    • 都是Spring框架提供XxxTemplate

    提供了JDBC模板，Spring框架提供的

    • JdbcTemplate类，Connection 表示连接，管理事务 Statement ResultSet
  • 如何使用JDBC模板类？
  • 在数据库中新增表结构和数据 
     DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;
    
 CREATE TABLE `account` (
    
   `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    
   `name` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,
    
   `money` double DEFAULT NULL,
    
   PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    
 ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=7 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

 -- ----------------------------
    
 -- Records of account
    
 -- ----------------------------
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('1', 'aaa', '1000');
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('2', 'bbb', '1000');
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('3', 'ccc', '1000');
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('4', '熊大', '700');
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('5', '熊二', '1200');
    
 INSERT INTO `account` VALUES ('6', '熊三', '800');
  • 创建一个普通的Maven工程，引入坐标
 <dependencies>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

         <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>

         <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>

         <version>1.2</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>log4j</groupId>

         <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>

         <version>1.2.12</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>junit</groupId>

         <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

         <version>4.12</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>

         <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>

         <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>

         <version>1.0</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>

         <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>

         <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>

         <version>1.8.13</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>mysql</groupId>

         <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

         <version>5.1.6</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

         <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>

         <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>

     </dependency>

   </dependencies>
  • 使用Spring框架来管理模板类，Spring管理内置的连接池 
     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    
        xsi:schemaLocation="
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
 ​
    
     <!--配置连接池-->
    
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    
         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    
         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring_db" />
    
         <property name="username" value="root" />
    
         <property name="password" value="root" />
    
     </bean>
    
 ​
    
     <!--配置jdbc模板-->
    
     <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    
         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    
     </bean>
    
 ​
    
 </beans>
  • 测试jdbcTemplate 
    package cn.tx.test;
    
​
    
import org.junit.Test;
    
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
​

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    
@ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext_jdbc.xml")
    
public class Demo1_1 {
    
​
    
    @Autowired
    
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 测试的方式
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run1(){
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (null,?,?)","熊二",500);
    
    }
    
​
    
}

  • Spring框架管理开源的连接池

  • 配置开源的连接池，使用Druid的连接池，引入坐标 
    <dependency>
    
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    
    <version>1.1.10</version>
    
</dependency>
  • 新建 一个属性文件后缀为.properties。配置连接数据库的基本信息 
     jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    
     jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///spring_db
    
     jdbc.username=root
    
     jdbc.password=root
  • 在xml的文件中配置读取属性文件，连接数据库和配置jdbc模板 
     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    
        xsi:schemaLocation="
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
 ​
    
     <!--配置连接池，使用的是Spring框架内置的连接池
    
     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    
         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    
         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring_db" />
    
         <property name="username" value="root" />
    
         <property name="password" value="root" />
    
     </bean>
    
     -->
    
 ​
    
     <!--使用开源连接池
    
     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    
         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
    
         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///spring_db" />
    
         <property name="username" value="root" />
    
         <property name="password" value="root" />
    
     </bean>
    
     -->
    
 ​
    
     <!--加载属性文件
    
     <bean id="placeholderConfigurer" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    
         <property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
     </bean>
    
     -->
    
 ​
    
     <!--第二种写法：使用提供标签的方式-->
    
     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
 ​
    
     <!--加载属性的文件-->
    
     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    
         <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    
         <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    
         <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    
         <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    
     </bean>
    
 ​
    
     <!--配置jdbc模板-->
    
     <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    
         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    
     </bean>
    
 ​
    
 </beans>
  • 对数据的基本操作做测试，增删改查 
    package cn.tx.test;
    
​
    
import cn.tx.demo1.Account;
    
import org.junit.Test;
    
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
    
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
​
    
import java.sql.ResultSet;
    
import java.sql.SQLException;
    
import java.util.List;
    
​

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    
@ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext_jdbc.xml")
    
public class Demo1_1 {
    
​
    
    @Autowired
    
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 测试的方式
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run1(){
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (null,?,?)","熊四",800);
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 修改
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run2(){
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set name = ?,money = ? where id = ?","光头强",100,7);
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 删除
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run3(){
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where id = ?",7);
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 通过id查询
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run4(){
    
        Account account = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where id = ?", new BeanMapper(), 6);
    
        System.out.println(account);
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 查询所有的数据
    
     */
    
    @Test
    
    public void run5(){
    
        List<Account> list = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new BeanMapper());
    
        for (Account account : list) {
    
            System.out.println(account);
    
        }
    
    }
    
​
    
}
    
​
    
/**
    
 * 实现类，用来进行数据封装的
    
 */
    
class BeanMapper implements RowMapper<Account>{
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 是一行一行进行数据封装的
    
     * @param resultSet
    
     * @param i
    
     * @return
    
     * @throws SQLException
    
     */
    
    @Override
    
    public Account mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
    
        Account account = new Account();
    
        account.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
    
        account.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
    
        account.setMoney(resultSet.getDouble("money"));
    
        return account;
    
    }
    
​
    
}

    模拟转账

  • 编写service层代码 
    package cn.tx.demo2;
    
​

public interface AccountService {
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 转账的方法
    
     * @param out       付款人
    
     * @param in        收款人
    
     * @param money     金额
    
     */
    
    public void pay(String out,String in,double money);
    
​
    
}
  • 实现接口 
    package cn.tx.demo2;
    
​

public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
​
    
    private AccountDao accountDao;
    
    public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
    
        this.accountDao = accountDao;
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 转账方法
    
     * @param out       付款人
    
     * @param in        收款人
    
     * @param money     金额
    
     */
    
    @Override
    
    public void pay(String out, String in, double money) {
    
        // 调用dao方法
    
        accountDao.outMoney(out,money);
    
​
    
        accountDao.inMoney(in,money);
    
    }
    
​
    
}
  • dao层的代码 
    package cn.tx.demo2;
    
​

public interface AccountDao {
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 付款
    
     * @param out
    
     * @param money
    
     */
    
    public void outMoney(String out,double money);
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 收款
    
     * @param in
    
     * @param money
    
     */
    
    public void inMoney(String in,double money);
    
​
    
}
    
​
  • 实现dao层的接口 
    package cn.tx.demo2;
    
​
    
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    
​

public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
    
​
    
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
    
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 付款
    
     * @param out
    
     * @param money
    
     */
    
    @Override
    
    public void outMoney(String out, double money) {
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money = money - ? where name = ?",money,out);
    
    }
    
​
    
    /**
    
     * 收款
    
     * @param in
    
     * @param money
    
     */
    
    @Override
    
    public void inMoney(String in, double money) {
    
        jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money = money + ? where name = ?",money,in);
    
    }
    
​
    
}
  • 编写配置文件xml文件 
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    
       xsi:schemaLocation="
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
​
    
    <!--第二种写法：使用提供标签的方式-->
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
​
    
    <!--加载属性的文件-->
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    
    </bean>
    
​
    
    <!--配置Jdbc模板类-->
    
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    
    </bean>
    
​
    
    <!--配置service-->
    
    <bean id="accountService" class="cn.tx.demo2.AccountServiceImpl">
    
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    
     </bean>
    
​
    
    <!--配置service-->
    
    <bean id="accountDao" class="cn.tx.demo2.AccountDaoImpl">
    
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate" />
    
    </bean>
    
​
    
</beans>
  • 测试转账和收款 
     package cn.tx.test;
    
 ​
    
 import cn.tx.demo2.AccountService;
    
 import org.junit.Test;
    
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    
 import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
 ​

 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    
 @ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext_dao1.xml")
    
 public class Demo2 {
    
 ​
    
     @Autowired
    
     private AccountService accountService;
    
 ​
    
     /**
    
      * 测试转账的方法
    
      */
    
     @Test
    
     public void testPay(){
    
         accountService.pay("熊大","熊二",100);
    
     }
    
 ​
    
 }

    在dao层使用JdbcDaoSupport 第二种方式，进行转账和收款的测试

  • 同样在service层实现接口 
     package cn.tx.demo3;
    
 ​

 public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
    
 ​
    
     private AccountDao accountDao;
    
     public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) {
    
         this.accountDao = accountDao;
    
     }
    
 ​
    
     /**
    
      * 转账方法
    
      * @param out       付款人
    
      * @param in        收款人
    
      * @param money     金额
    
      */
    
     @Override
    
     public void pay(String out, String in, double money) {
    
         // 调用dao方法
    
         accountDao.outMoney(out,money);
    
 ​
    
         accountDao.inMoney(in,money);
    
     }
    
 ​
    
 }
  • 注意在dao层编写，继承JdbcDaoSupport 和实现接口AccountDao  
     package cn.tx.demo3;
    
 ​
    
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
    
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
    
 ​

 public class AccountDaoImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements AccountDao {
    
 ​
    
     /**
    
      * 付款
    
      * @param out
    
      * @param money
    
      */
    
     @Override
    
     public void outMoney(String out, double money) {
    
         this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money = money - ? where name = ?",money,out);
    
     }
    
 ​
    
     /**
    
      * 收款
    
      * @param in
    
      * @param money
    
      */
    
     @Override
    
     public void inMoney(String in, double money) {
    
         this.getJdbcTemplate().update("update account set money = money + ? where name = ?",money,in);
    
     }
    
 ​
    
 }
    
 ​
  • 编写配置文件 
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    
       xsi:schemaLocation="
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
​
    
    <!--第二种写法：使用提供标签的方式-->
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
    
​
    
    <!--加载属性的文件-->
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
    
    </bean>
    
​
    
    <!--配置Jdbc模板类
    
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    
    </bean>
    
    -->
    
​
    
    <!--配置service-->
    
    <bean id="accountService" class="cn.tx.demo3.AccountServiceImpl">
    
        <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"/>
    
     </bean>
    
​
    
    <!--配置dao
    
    <bean id="accountDao" class="cn.tx.demo3.AccountDaoImpl">
    
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate" />
    
    </bean>
    
    -->
    
​
    
    <bean id="accountDao" class="cn.tx.demo3.AccountDaoImpl">
    
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    
    </bean>
    
​
    
</beans>
  • 测试使用JdbcDaoSupport 的方法进行转账和收款的测试 
     package cn.tx.test;
    
 ​
    
 import cn.tx.demo3.AccountService;
    
 import org.junit.Test;
    
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
    
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    
 import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
    
 import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
    
 ​

 @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    
 @ContextConfiguration(value = "classpath:applicationContext_dao2.xml")
    
 public class Demo3 {
    
 ​
    
     @Autowired
    
     private AccountService accountService;
    
 ​
    
     /**
    
      * 测试转账的方法
    
      */
    
     @Test
    
     public void testPay(){
    
         accountService.pay("熊大","熊二",100);
    
     }
    
 ​
    
 }
    
 ​