Python开发【模块】：time、datatime

时间：2023-03-09 01:55:45
Python开发【模块】：time、datatime

时间模块

时间相关的操作，时间有三种表示方式：

  • 时间戳               1970年1月1日之后的秒，即：time.time()
  • 格式化的字符串    2014-11-11 11:11，    即：time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
  • 结构化时间          元组包含了：年、日、星期等... time.struct_time    即：time.localtime()

time模块：

# time模块

import time

print(time.time())  # 时间戳

# 1472037866.0750718

print(time.localtime())  # 结构化时间

# time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=8, tm_min=44, tm_sec=46, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=238, tm_isdst=0)

print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))

# 1498545592.0

print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))  # 格式化的字符串

# 2016-08-25

print(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime()))

# 2016-08-25

print(time.gmtime())  # 结构化时间

# time.struct_time(tm_year=2016, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=25, tm_hour=3, tm_min=8, tm_sec=48, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=238, tm_isdst=0)

print(time.strptime('2014-11-11', '%Y-%m-%d'))  # 结构化时间

# time.struct_time(tm_year=2014, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=11, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=315, tm_isdst=-1)

print(time.asctime())

# Thu Aug 25 11:15:10 2016

print(time.asctime(time.localtime()))

# Thu Aug 25 11:15:10 2016

print(time.ctime(time.time()))

# Thu Aug 25 11:15:10 2016

结构化时间：

Python开发【模块】：time、datatime

时间戳、格式化字符串、机构化时间相互转换：

Python开发【模块】：time、datatime

datetime模块：

import datetime

print(datetime.date)    #表示日期的类。常用的属性有year, month, day

#<class 'datetime.date'>

print(datetime.time)    #表示时间的类。常用的属性有hour, minute, second, microsecond

#<class 'datetime.time'>

print(datetime.datetime)        #表示日期时间

#<class 'datetime.datetime'>

print(datetime.timedelta)       #表示时间间隔，即两个时间点之间的长度

#<class 'datetime.timedelta'>

print(datetime.datetime.now())

#2016-08-25 14:21:07.722285

print(datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=5))

#2016-08-20 14:21:28.275460

时间比较、运算：

import time

str = '2017-03-26 3:12'

str2 = '2017-07-26 13:12'

date1 = time.strptime(str, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

date2 = time.strptime(str2, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

if float(time.time()) >= float(time.mktime(date1)) and float(time.time()) <= float(time.mktime(date2)):

    print 'cccccccc'

if time.localtime() >= date1 and time.localtime() <= date2:

    print 'zzzzzzzz'

import datetime

str = '2017-03-26 3:12'

str2 = '2017-05-26 13:12'

date1 = datetime.datetime.strptime(str,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

date2 = datetime.datetime.strptime(str2,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

datenow =  datetime.datetime.now()

if datenow <date1:

    print 'dddddd'

时间戳转为时间字符串：

import time

stime = time.time()

# 1512713749.85

stime = time.gmtime(stime)

# time.struct_time(tm_year=2017, tm_mon=12, tm_mday=8, tm_hour=6, tm_min=15, tm_sec=49, tm_wday=4, tm_yday=342, tm_isdst=0)

stime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',stime)

# 2017-12-08 06:15:49

datetime.datetime转为时间戳：

import datetime

import time

dtime = datetime.datetime.now()

print(dtime)

# 2018-09-14 14:19:38.291610

print(type(dtime))

# <class 'datetime.datetime'>

timestamp_time = time.mktime(dtime.timetuple())

print(timestamp_time)

# 1536905978.0

print(type(timestamp_time))

# <class 'float'>

定时每天几点执行任务：

    # 定时时间，每天执行

    START_TIME_HOUR = 2  # 时

    START_TIME_MINUTE = 00  # 分

    date = datetime.datetime.now()

    excute_time = '%s %s:%s' % (time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d'), START_TIME_HOUR, START_TIME_MINUTE)

    excute_time = time.strptime(excute_time, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

    excute_time = time.mktime(excute_time)

    if date.hour > START_TIME_HOUR:

        excute_time += 24 * 60 * 60           # 加一天

    elif date.hour == START_TIME_HOUR and date.minute >= START_TIME_MINUTE :

        excute_time += 24 * 60 * 60           # 加一天

    logging.info('timer wait %s',excute_time-time.time())

    timer = threading.Timer(excute_time-time.time(),execute)

    timer.start()

　　

Mysql数据库中DATETIME字段运算

sql = "SELECT * FROM cdr.tx_cdr_master WHERE  id = '205542246'"

cursor.execute(sql)

database = cursor.fetchone()

print(database)

print(type(database['stime']))

print(database['stime'])

ndate = datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=0.5)

print(ndate)

if database['stime'] < ndate:

    print('***')

{'id': 205542246, 'requestid': '', 'callid': '000c29be8df6a5a611e8c0a621d83c3c', 'calltype': 1, 'direction': 1, 'caller': '18612721422', 'callee': '', 'dh': '01053180014', 'callresult': 2, 'stime': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 25, 17, 33, 59), 'etime': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 25, 17, 34, 6), 'rec_path': '', 'serverid': 'asterisk2', 'taskid': '', 'agentid': '', 'agentgrpid': '', 'compid': '800085', 'feetime': 6, 'totaltime': 7, 'fee': Decimal('11.00'), 'flags': 3, 'hanguper': 1, 'caller_area': '??-??', 'callee_area': '', 'ifhandle': b'\x01', 'isfee': 1, 'ref': '', 'feedate': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 25, 17, 34, 25), 'createdate': datetime.datetime(2018, 9, 25, 17, 34, 6), 'SerialNumber': 0, 'userphone': '18612721422', 'user_area': '??-??'}

<class 'datetime.datetime'>

2018-09-25 17:33:59

2018-09-25 23:51:03.852978

***

　　

　　

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