基于Prometheus+Grafana+AlertManager的监控系统

一、Prometheus

1.1 简介

Prometheus是一套开源的监控&报警&时间序列数据库的组合，基于应用的metrics来进行监控的开源工具 。

1.2 下载&安装

(1)下载地址：https://prometheus.io/download/

(2) 解压：tar zxvf prometheus-2.12.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

(3) 编辑： prometheus.yml，其中包括全局、alertmanager、告警规则、监控job配置，具体内容如下。

# my global config
global:
  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
       - 192.168.88.69:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
   - "test_rules.yml"
  # - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
  - job_name: 'prometheus'

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.88.69:9090']

  - job_name: 'monitor'
    scrape_interval: 5s
    metrics_path: '/actuator/prometheus'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.88.69:8008']

  - job_name: 'node-exporter'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.88.69:9100']

(4) 启动：./prometheus &

(5) 验证安装：访问地址：http://192.168.88.69:9090/targets

1.3 Spring Boot集成Prometheus

（1）配置pom文件

   <!--监控-->
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
   <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId>
</dependency>

（2）配置yml

server:
  port: 8008
spring:
  application:
    name: monitor
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'
  metrics:
    tags:
     application: ${spring.application.name}

（3）添加配置类

@Configuration
public class MeterRegistryConfig {
    @Bean
    MeterRegistryCustomizer<MeterRegistry> configurer(@Value("${spring.application.name}") String applicationName) {
        return (registry) -> registry.config().commonTags("application", applicationName);
    }
}

二、AlertManager

2.1简介

Alertmanager 对收到的告警信息进行处理，包括去重，降噪，分组，策略路由告警通知。

2.2 配置

修改alertmanager.yml，当前配置的是邮箱告警，当然还支持企业微信、钉钉等，内容如下：

global:
  resolve_timeout: 5m
  smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.mxhichina.com:25'       # smtp地址
  smtp_from: '[e-mail]'                   # 发送邮箱地址
  smtp_auth_username: '[e-mail]'          # 邮箱用户
  smtp_auth_password: '123456'            # 邮箱密码

route:
  group_by: ["instance"]                       # 分组名
  group_wait: 10s                              # 当收到告警的时候，等待十秒看是否还有告警，如果有就一起发出去
  igroup_interval: 10s                          # 发送警告间隔时间
  repeat_interval: 1h                          # 重复报警的间隔时间
  receiver: mail                               # 全局报警组，这个参数是必选的，和下面报警组名要相同

receivers:
- name: 'mail'                                 # 报警组名
  email_configs:
  - to: '[e-mail]'                     # 收件人邮箱
    headers: {Subject: "告警测试邮件"}

2.3 启动

命令：./alertmanager & ，端口号：9093

三、Grafana

3.1 简介

Grafana是一款用Go语言开发的开源数据可视化工具，可以做数据监控和数据统计，带有告警功能。

3.2 配置

1.解压grafana-6.3.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz，启动 ./grafana-server &，访问地址http://192.168.88.69:3000

2.配置Data Sources

3.安装exporter，如要监控服务器的运行状态，需要安装node_exporter，并启动项目，端口号：9100，并在prometheus里配置节点，并重启prometheus。

4.导入模板，可以在Grafana官网找下，地址：https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards。