eXosip、osip,以及UAC和UAS的例子

时间:2023-03-09 17:12:29
eXosip、osip,以及UAC和UAS的例子

UAC(User Agent Client) 和 UAS(User Agent Server)

SIP协议采用Client/Server模型。每一个请求(Request)触发服务器的一个操作;每个操作被称为方法(Method);每个请求除了指明具体方法外,还携带了一系列的头域(Header field),这些头域携带了各种业务信息;除了头域外,消息中还可以携带任意类型的消息体(Body),呼叫中最常使用的SDP信息就是通过消息体在Client和Server之间传递的。Server从接收到请求到处理完毕,要回复多个临时响应(Response),和一个终结响应(Response),终结响应有且只有一个。
请求和他的所有响应构成一个事务(Transaction),一个完整的呼叫过程包含多个事务,比如呼叫建立和呼叫释放就是
两个相互独立的事务。
用户代理(User Agent)是发起或者接收呼叫的逻辑实体。

用户代理客户端-UAC(User Agent Client),用于发起请求;
用户代理服务器-UAS(User Agent Server),用于接收请求。UAC/UAS的划分是针对一个事务的。在一个呼叫中的多个事务里,UACUAS的角色是可以互换的。例如在A和B的呼叫中,A向B发起呼叫,在呼叫建立的事务中,A是UAC,B是UAS;呼叫结束时,B先挂机,在呼叫释放的事务中,B是UAC,A是UAS。换句话说,每个一般的UA都是UASUAC的结合体。
UA的实际物理形态有:IP Phone,SoftPhone,GateWay......
Proxy Server作为一个网络逻辑实体代理客户端转发请求或者响应;同Proxy Server类似的还有一种设备是B2BUA,
顾名思义,就是背背的两个UA组成的一个逻辑实体,它作为UAS终结一个事务,同时作为UAC发起另外一个事务。Proxy Server同B2BUA相比,Proxy Server是一个事务传递过程中的中间节点,而B2BUA将一个事务转变成另一个事务。
在SIP组网中还包括Location Server、Registrar、Redirect Server,分别负责维护地址映射表,注册管理,呼叫重定向。他们和Proxy Server 可以在同一台设备上也可以运行于不同的设备上。SIP Server是Proxy Server、Location Server、Registrar、Redirect Server的总称。
SIP Server采用B2BUA模型。接受请求端为UAS端,代理转发或主动发起请求端为UAC端,整个SIPServr为UAC/UAS的组合体。通过UAC/UAS之间消息交互完成会话的建立、改变、结束的阶段。SIP Server协助网关交换媒体信息,
但不参与会话建立后媒体流传输。 
代码 uac.c
#include <eXosip2/eXosip.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
//#include <winsock2.h> int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{ struct eXosip_t *context_eXosip; eXosip_event_t *je;
osip_message_t *reg=NULL;
osip_message_t *invite=NULL;
osip_message_t *ack=NULL;
osip_message_t *info=NULL;
osip_message_t *message=NULL; int call_id,dialog_id;
int i,flag;
int flag1=; char *identity="sip:140@127.0.0.1"; //UAC1,端口是15060
char *registar="sip:133@127.0.0.1:15061"; //UAS,端口是15061
char *source_call="sip:140@127.0.0.1";
char *dest_call="sip:133@127.0.0.1:15061";
//identify和register这一组地址是和source和destination地址相同的
//在这个例子中,uac和uas通信,则source就是自己的地址,而目的地址就是uac1的地址
char command;
char tmp[]; printf("r 向服务器注册\n\n");
printf("c 取消注册\n\n");
printf("i 发起呼叫请求\n\n");
printf("h 挂断\n\n");
printf("q 推出程序\n\n");
printf("s 执行方法INFO\n\n");
printf("m 执行方法MESSAGE\n\n"); //初始化
i=eXosip_init(); if(i!=)
{
printf("Couldn't initialize eXosip!\n");
return -;
}
else
{
printf("eXosip_init successfully!\n");
} //绑定uac自己的端口15060,并进行端口监听
i=eXosip_listen_addr(IPPROTO_UDP,NULL,,AF_INET,);
if(i!=)
{
eXosip_quit();
fprintf(stderr,"Couldn't initialize transport layer!\n");
return -;
}
flag=; while(flag)
{
//输入命令
printf("Please input the command:\n");
scanf("%c",&command);
getchar(); switch(command)
{
case 'r':
printf("This modal is not completed!\n");
break;
case 'i'://INVITE,发起呼叫请求
i=eXosip_call_build_initial_invite(&invite,dest_call,source_call,NULL,"This is a call for conversation");
if(i!=)
{
printf("Initial INVITE failed!\n");
break;
}
//符合SDP格式,其中属性a是自定义格式,也就是说可以存放自己的信息,
//但是只能有两列,比如帐户信息
//但是经过测试,格式vot必不可少,原因未知,估计是协议栈在传输时需要检查的
snprintf(tmp,,
"v=0\r\n"
"o=anonymous 0 0 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\n"
"t=1 10\r\n"
"a=username:rainfish\r\n"
"a=password:123\r\n"); osip_message_set_body(invite,tmp,strlen(tmp));
osip_message_set_content_type(invite,"application/sdp"); eXosip_lock();
i=eXosip_call_send_initial_invite(invite); //invite SIP INVITE message to send
eXosip_unlock(); //发送了INVITE消息,等待应答
flag1=;
while(flag1)
{
je=eXosip_event_wait(,); //Wait for an eXosip event
//(超时时间秒,超时时间毫秒)
if(je==NULL)
{
printf("No response or the time is over!\n");
break;
}
switch(je->type) //可能会到来的事件类型
{
case EXOSIP_CALL_INVITE: //收到一个INVITE请求
printf("a new invite received!\n");
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_PROCEEDING: //收到100 trying消息,表示请求正在处理中
printf("proceeding!\n");
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_RINGING: //收到180 Ringing应答,表示接收到INVITE请求的UAS正在向被叫用户振铃
printf("ringing!\n");
printf("call_id is %d,dialog_id is %d \n",je->cid,je->did);
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_ANSWERED: //收到200 OK,表示请求已经被成功接受,用户应答
printf("ok!connected!\n");
call_id=je->cid;
dialog_id=je->did;
printf("call_id is %d,dialog_id is %d \n",je->cid,je->did); //回送ack应答消息
eXosip_call_build_ack(je->did,&ack);
eXosip_call_send_ack(je->did,ack);
flag1=; //推出While循环
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_CLOSED: //a BYE was received for this call
printf("the other sid closed!\n");
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_ACK: //ACK received with 200ok to INVITE (就是发送INVITE后,收到了对该INVITE的ACK)
printf("ACK received!\n");
break;
default: //收到其他应答
printf("other response!\n");
break;
}
eXosip_event_free(je); //Free ressource in an eXosip event
}
break; case 'h': //挂断
printf("Holded!\n"); eXosip_lock();
eXosip_call_terminate(call_id,dialog_id);
eXosip_unlock();
break; case 'c':
printf("This modal is not commpleted!\n");
break; case 's': //传输INFO方法
eXosip_call_build_info(dialog_id,&info);
snprintf(tmp,,"\nThis is a sip message(Method:INFO)");
osip_message_set_body(info,tmp,strlen(tmp));
//格式可以任意设定,text/plain代表文本信息;
osip_message_set_content_type(info,"text/plain");
eXosip_call_send_request(dialog_id,info);
break; case 'm':
//传输MESSAGE方法,也就是即时消息,和INFO方法相比,我认为主要区别是:
//MESSAGE不用建立连接,直接传输信息,而INFO消息必须在建立INVITE的基础上传输
printf("the method : MESSAGE\n");
eXosip_message_build_request(&message,"MESSAGE",dest_call,source_call,NULL);
//内容,方法, to ,from ,route
snprintf(tmp,,"This is a sip message(Method:MESSAGE)");
osip_message_set_body(message,tmp,strlen(tmp));
//假设格式是xml
osip_message_set_content_type(message,"text/xml");
eXosip_message_send_request(message);
break; case 'q':
eXosip_quit();
printf("Exit the setup!\n");
flag=;
break;
}
} return();
}

代码 uas.c

# include <eXosip2/eXosip.h>
# include <stdio.h>
# include <stdlib.h>
# include <stdarg.h>
# include <netinet/in.h> //# include <Winsock2.h> int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
eXosip_event_t *je = NULL;
osip_message_t *ack = NULL;
osip_message_t *invite = NULL;
osip_message_t *answer = NULL;
sdp_message_t *remote_sdp = NULL;
int call_id, dialog_id;
int i,j;
int id;
char *sour_call = "sip:140@127.0.0.1";
char *dest_call = "sip:133@127.0.0.1:15060";//client ip
char command;
char tmp[];
char localip[];
int pos = ;
//初始化sip
i = eXosip_init ();
if (i != )
{
printf ("Can't initialize eXosip!\n");
return -;
}
else
{
printf ("eXosip_init successfully!\n");
}
i = eXosip_listen_addr (IPPROTO_UDP, NULL, , AF_INET, );
if (i != )
{
eXosip_quit ();
fprintf (stderr, "eXosip_listen_addr error!\nCouldn't initialize transport layer!\n");
}
for(;;)
{
//侦听是否有消息到来
je = eXosip_event_wait (,);
//协议栈带有此语句,具体作用未知
eXosip_lock ();
eXosip_default_action (je);
eXosip_automatic_refresh ();
eXosip_unlock ();
if (je == NULL)//没有接收到消息
continue;
// printf ("the cid is %s, did is %s/n", je->did, je->cid);
switch (je->type)
{
case EXOSIP_MESSAGE_NEW://新的消息到来
printf (" EXOSIP_MESSAGE_NEW!\n");
if (MSG_IS_MESSAGE (je->request))//如果接受到的消息类型是MESSAGE
{
{
osip_body_t *body;
osip_message_get_body (je->request, , &body);
printf ("I get the msg is: %s\n", body->body);
//printf ("the cid is %s, did is %s/n", je->did, je->cid);
}
//按照规则,需要回复OK信息
eXosip_message_build_answer (je->tid, ,&answer);
eXosip_message_send_answer (je->tid, ,answer);
}
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_INVITE:
//得到接收到消息的具体信息
printf ("Received a INVITE msg from %s:%s, UserName is %s, password is %s\n",je->request->req_uri->host,
je->request->req_uri->port, je->request->req_uri->username, je->request->req_uri->password);
//得到消息体,认为该消息就是SDP格式.
remote_sdp = eXosip_get_remote_sdp (je->did);
call_id = je->cid;
dialog_id = je->did; eXosip_lock ();
eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , NULL);
i = eXosip_call_build_answer (je->tid, , &answer);
if (i != )
{
printf ("This request msg is invalid!Cann't response!\n");
eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , NULL);
}
else
{
snprintf (tmp, ,
"v=0\r\n"
"o=anonymous 0 0 IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\n"
"t=1 10\r\n"
"a=username:rainfish\r\n"
"a=password:123\r\n"); //设置回复的SDP消息体,下一步计划分析消息体
//没有分析消息体,直接回复原来的消息,这一块做的不好。
osip_message_set_body (answer, tmp, strlen(tmp));
osip_message_set_content_type (answer, "application/sdp"); eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , answer);
printf ("send 200 over!\n");
}
eXosip_unlock (); //显示出在sdp消息体中的attribute 的内容,里面计划存放我们的信息
printf ("the INFO is :\n");
while (!osip_list_eol ( &(remote_sdp->a_attributes), pos))
{
sdp_attribute_t *at; at = (sdp_attribute_t *) osip_list_get ( &remote_sdp->a_attributes, pos);
printf ("%s : %s\n", at->a_att_field, at->a_att_value);//这里解释了为什么在SDP消息体中属性a里面存放必须是两列 pos ++;
}
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_ACK:
printf ("ACK recieved!\n");
// printf ("the cid is %s, did is %s/n", je->did, je->cid);
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_CLOSED:
printf ("the remote hold the session!\n");
// eXosip_call_build_ack(dialog_id, &ack);
//eXosip_call_send_ack(dialog_id, ack);
i = eXosip_call_build_answer (je->tid, , &answer);
if (i != )
{
printf ("This request msg is invalid!Cann't response!\n");
eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , NULL); }
else
{
eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , answer);
printf ("bye send 200 over!\n");
}
break;
case EXOSIP_CALL_MESSAGE_NEW://至于该类型和EXOSIP_MESSAGE_NEW的区别,源代码这么解释的
/*
// request related events within calls (except INVITE)
EXOSIP_CALL_MESSAGE_NEW, < announce new incoming request.
// response received for request outside calls
EXOSIP_MESSAGE_NEW, < announce new incoming request.
我也不是很明白,理解是:EXOSIP_CALL_MESSAGE_NEW是一个呼叫中的新的消息到来,比如ring trying都算,所以在接受到后必须判断
该消息类型,EXOSIP_MESSAGE_NEW而是表示不是呼叫内的消息到来。
该解释有不妥地方,仅供参考。
*/
printf(" EXOSIP_CALL_MESSAGE_NEW\n");
if (MSG_IS_INFO(je->request) ) //如果传输的是INFO方法
{
eXosip_lock ();
i = eXosip_call_build_answer (je->tid, , &answer);
if (i == )
{
eXosip_call_send_answer (je->tid, , answer);
}
eXosip_unlock ();
{
osip_body_t *body;
osip_message_get_body (je->request, , &body);
printf ("the body is %s\n", body->body);
}
}
break;
default:
printf ("Could not parse the msg!\n");
}
}
}