Android:通知栏的使用

时间:2023-03-09 01:02:56
Android:通知栏的使用

非常久没有使用Android的通知功能了,今天把两年前的代码搬出来一看。发现非常多方法都废弃了,代码中各种删除线看的十分不爽。于是乎,打开Google,查看官方文档。学习最新的发送通知栏消息的方法。

本文中的代码均參照谷歌官方文档编写:

http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/notifiers/notifications.html

1.首先。获取系统的通知服务:

NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);

2.发送一个最简单的通知

    public void simpleNotice(View view) {
        //此Builder为android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat.Builder中的,下同。
        Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
//系统收到通知时。通知栏上面显示的文字。 mBuilder.setTicker("天津。晴,2~15度,微风");
//显示在通知栏上的小图标
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.consult_answer);
//通知标题
mBuilder.setContentTitle("天气预报");
//通知内容
mBuilder.setContentText("天津,晴,2~15度。微风"); //设置大图标,即通知条上左側的图片(假设仅仅设置了小图标,则此处会显示小图标)
mBuilder.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.share_sina));
//显示在小图标左側的数字
mBuilder.setNumber(6); //设置为不可清除模式
mBuilder.setOngoing(true); //显示通知,id必须不反复,否则新的通知会覆盖旧的通知(利用这一特性。能够对通知进行更新)
nm.notify(1, mBuilder.build());
}

3.删除一个通知。參数即为通知的id

nm.cancel(1);

4.发送一个通知。点击通知后跳转到一个Activity,从这个Activity返回后,进入程序内的某一个页面(一般为主页)

//点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时进入指定页面。
public void resultActivityBackApp(View view) {
Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题2");
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题2");
mBuilder.setContentText("点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时进入指定页面。 "); //设置点击一次后消失(假设没有点击事件。则该方法无效。 )
mBuilder.setAutoCancel(true); //点击通知之后须要跳转的页面
Intent resultIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivityBackApp.class); //使用TaskStackBuilder为“通知页面”设置返回关系
TaskStackBuilder stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(this);
//为点击通知后打开的页面设定 返回 页面。(在manifest中指定)
stackBuilder.addParentStack(ResultActivityBackApp.class);
stackBuilder.addNextIntent(resultIntent); PendingIntent pIntent = stackBuilder.getPendingIntent(0, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(pIntent);
// mId allows you to update the notification later on.
nm.notify(2, mBuilder.build());
}

同一时候。须要在manifest中为点击通知后打开的Activity指定父Activity.

<activity
android:name=".ResultActivityBackApp"
android:parentActivityName=".MainActivity"> <meta-data
android:name="android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY"
android:value=".MainActivity" /> </activity>

(当中,activity的属性parentActivityName为API 16中的属性。meta-data中的代码为兼容API 16下面。

因此,对于大多数程序。这两个地方都得写。)

5.和上述4类似,仅仅是在打开的Activity中返回时回到home页

 //点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时回到桌面
public void resultActivityBackHome(View view) {
Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题3");
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题3");
mBuilder.setContentText("点击通知进入一个Activity,点击返回时回到桌面"); //设置点击一次后消失(假设没有点击事件,则该方法无效。)
mBuilder.setAutoCancel(true); Intent notifyIntent = new Intent(this, ResultActivityBackHome.class);
notifyIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
PendingIntent pIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notifyIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(pIntent); nm.notify(3, mBuilder.build());
}

6.带进度条的通知

     public void progressNotice(View view) {
final Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题4"); mBuilder.setContentTitle("Picture Download")
.setContentText("Download in progress")
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); // Start a lengthy operation in a background thread
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
int progress;
for (progress = 0; progress <= 100; progress++) {
// Sets the progress indicator to a max value, the current completion percentage,
// and "determinate" state
mBuilder.setProgress(100, progress, false); //不明白进度的进度条
// mBuilder.setProgress(0, 0, true); nm.notify(4, mBuilder.build());
// 模拟延时
try {
Thread.sleep(200);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} // When the loop is finished, updates the notification
mBuilder.setContentText("Download complete");
// Removes the progress bar
mBuilder.setProgress(0, 0, false);
nm.notify(4, mBuilder.build());
}
}
).start();
}

7.扩展布局的通知。按住通知条下滑,能够查看更具体的内容

public void expandLayoutNotice(View view) {
Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题5");
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mBuilder.setContentTitle("通知标题5");
mBuilder.setContentText("按住通知下拉可显示扩展布局"); NotificationCompat.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new NotificationCompat.InboxStyle();
String[] events = new String[]{"Beijing", "Tianjin", "Shanghai", "Guangzhou"};
// 设置扩展布局的标题
inboxStyle.setBigContentTitle("Event tracker details:"); for (String s : events) {
inboxStyle.addLine(s);
}
mBuilder.setStyle(inboxStyle); nm.notify(5, mBuilder.build());
}

8.自己定义布局的通知栏。(依据谷歌的官方文档不推荐这么做。由于使用这样的方式时,对不同屏幕进行适配须要考虑的因素太多。

并且,通知栏应该展示的就是最简明扼要的信息。对于大多数程序默认的布局已经足够了。

//自己定义布局的通知
public void customLayoutNotice(View view) {
Builder mBuilder = new Builder(this);
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题6");
mBuilder.setTicker("通知标题6");
mBuilder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher); RemoteViews remoteViews = new RemoteViews(getPackageName(), R.layout.custom_layout_notice);
mBuilder.setContent(remoteViews);
//为RemoteViews上的按钮设置文字
remoteViews.setCharSequence(R.id.custom_layout_button1, "setText", "Button1");
remoteViews.setCharSequence(R.id.custom_layout_button2, "setText", "Button2"); //为RemoteViews上的按钮设置点击事件
Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, CustomLayoutResultActivity.class);
intent1.putExtra("content", "From button1 click!");
PendingIntent pIntentButton1 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent1, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.custom_layout_button1, pIntentButton1); Intent intent2 = new Intent(this, CustomLayoutResultActivity.class);
intent2.putExtra("content", "From button2 click!");
PendingIntent pIntentButton2 = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 1, intent2, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
remoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.custom_layout_button2, pIntentButton2); nm.notify(6, mBuilder.build());
}