Android中使用sqlite笔记

时间:2021-10-23 12:58:14

1.实现SQLiteHelper来在android中使用SQLite.代码如下,来自android官网。

public class FeedReaderDbHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {
// If you change the database schema, you must increment the database version.
public static final int DATABASE_VERSION = 1;
public static final String DATABASE_NAME = "FeedReader.db"; public FeedReaderDbHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DATABASE_NAME, null, DATABASE_VERSION);
} /*(必须重写的方法)
该函数是在第一次创建数据库的时候执行,实际上是在第一次得到SQLiteDatabase对象的时候,才会调用这个方法
* 在SQLiteOpenHelper的getReaderDatabase()或者getWritableDatabase()
* 被第一次调用时都会调用该方法
*/
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
db.execSQL(SQL_CREATE_ENTRIES);
}
//(必须重写的方法)数据库更新的时候会调用该方法
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
// This database is only a cache for online data, so its upgrade policy is
// to simply to discard the data and start over
db.execSQL(SQL_DELETE_ENTRIES);
onCreate(db);
}
//可以不用重写
public void onDowngrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
}
}

其中onUpgrade是:

当我们已经有数据库存在,想保存原有数据,只想增加一个字段等,只需修改版本号,

SQLiteOpenHelper会自动判断版本号是否一致,假如不一致会自动调用onUpgrade函数

通过重载这个函数,你可以做任何你想做的事,包括增、删字段等等~

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
db.execSQL("ALTER TABLE user_table ADD age INTEGER DEFAULT 0");
}

2.插入数据

DatabaseHelper dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(getApplicationContext());
SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
ContentValues cv = new ContentValues();
//key是列名,value是要插入的值
cv.put("name", "value");
//rowId是返回的新插入的行号,如果插入失败返回-1
long rowId = db.insert("user_table", null, cv);

其中db.insert("user_table", "column_name", cv);第一个参数是要插入的表名。第二个参数是一个列名,当ContentValues对象为null或者size为0时,该列的值为null。

因为每次调用insert都必须执行insert into tableName(column_name)values(value),当ContentValues的对象为null等,则会执行insert into tableName(column_name)values(null).

若不为空,则执行正常的插入语句

3.查数据

SQLiteDatabase db = mDbHelper.getReadableDatabase();

// Define a projection that specifies which columns from the database
// you will actually use after this query.
//需要查询返回的列名
String[] projection = {
FeedEntry._ID,
FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_TITLE,
FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_UPDATED,
...
}; // How you want the results sorted in the resulting Cursor
//查询语句排序
String sortOrder =
FeedEntry.COLUMN_NAME_UPDATED + " DESC"; Cursor c = db.query(
FeedEntry.TABLE_NAME, // The table to query
projection, // The columns to return
selection, // The columns for the WHERE clause
selectionArgs, // The values for the WHERE clause
null, // don't group the rows
null, // don't filter by row groups
sortOrder // The sort order
);
cursor.moveToFirst();
long itemId = cursor.getLong(
cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(FeedEntry._ID)
);

4.SQLiteDatabase.getWritableDatabase或者getReadableDatabase,如果没有创建数据库,会调用onCreate()