学习总结：libevent--简单入门

时间：2023-03-09 00:16:13
学习总结：libevent--简单入门

libevent--快速入门

一．简介

libevent是一个c语言写的事件驱动库，轻量级，专注于网络，跨平台特性好，支持多种 I/O 多路复用．支持I/O,定时器和信号等事件，允许设置注册事件优先级．

二．基本使用场景和事件流程

(1)初始化事件根基（槽）

struct event_base *event_base_new(void);

struct event_base *event_init(void);
  • event_base_new()函数分配并且返回一个新的具有默认设置的event_base.
  • event_init() 会调用event_base_new()创建一个event_base,并以此初始化一个全局的变量current_base .

例：

struct event_base *base = event_init();

(2)初始化事件event，设置回调函数和关注的事件，并关联对应的事件根基（槽）event_base

typedef void (*event_callback_fn)(evutil_socket_t, short, void*);

struct event *event_new(struct event_base *, evutil_socket_t, short,

                        event_callback_fn, void *);

int event_assign(struct event *, struct event_base *, evutil_socket_t, short, event_callback_fn, void *);

void event_set(struct event *ev, int fd, short events,

               event_callback_fn, void *arg);

void event_base_set(struct event_base *,struct event*);

  • event_assign（）的作用就是把给定的event类型对象的每一个成员赋予一个指定的值。

  • event_new（）的实现其实是间接的调用的event_assign（），首先调用mm_malloc分配一块内存，然后调用event_assign来给event类型的对象各个成员赋值。

  • event_set()　使用指定的句柄、关注的事件、事件发生时的回调函数、回调函数的额外参数，初始化设置struct event结构对象，绑定到全局current_base，设置此event结构对象的优先级，默认为current_base中总有限级数的一半

  • event_base_set() 将事件绑定到事件根基,即设置event从属的event_base,指明event注册到哪个event_base实例上

    例：

//SIGINT 信号事件初始化

//假定已创建事件根基struct event_base *base　

//方式一：

struct event sigint_ev;

event_assign(&sigint_ev,base,SIGINT, EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST,sigint_cb,NULL);

//方式二：

struct event sigint_ev ;

event_set(&sigint_ev, SIGINT, EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST, sigint_cb, NULL);

event_base_set(base, &sigint_ev);

//方式三：

struct event *sigint_ev;

sigint_ev = event_new(base,SIGINT,EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST, sigint_cb, NULL);

//方式四：

struct event* sigint_ev = (struct event*)malloc(sizeof(struct event));

//sigint_ev检测非空和置零后，用event_assign 或者event_set + event_base_set 初始化事件．

定时器事件：

#define evtimer_set(ev, cb, arg)    event_set(ev, -1, 0, cb, arg)

信号事件：

#define evsignal_new(base,signum,cb,arg) \

	event_new(base,signum,EV_SIGNAL|EV_PERSIST,cb,arg)

(3)添加事件，将事件变成未决态，即，将event加入到event_base中，等待监听

void event_add(struct event* ,struct timeval *);

(4)程序进入无限循环，事件根基event_base开始工作，对注册的event进行监听．若注册的事件的对应事件类型触发，或者超时，会自动触发event对应的回调函数执行

void event_base_dispatch(struct event_base *);

void event_base_loop(struct event_base *,int );

三．入门例子：

文件：test.c

编译：

gcc -o test test.c -levent

代码：

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <unistd.h>

#include <malloc.h>

#include <event.h>

#include <sys/time.h>

#include <signal.h>

#include <string.h>

#define BUF_SIZE 1024

typedef struct{

	struct event *ev;

	char *buf;

	struct timeval *tv;

}rw_st;

void wr_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg);

void rd_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg);

struct event_base *base = NULL;

//定时事件

struct timeval tv;

struct event time_ev;

void time_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg)

{

	printf("time_cb : 5s timer wakeup\n");

	event_add(&time_ev,&tv);

}

//标准输入 读事件

//输入一行，把读事件删掉,添加写事件

void rd_cb(int fd,short event, void *arg)

{

	if(event & EV_TIMEOUT){

		printf("io read time out(2s)!\n");

		return ;

	}

	rw_st* rd_st = (rw_st*)arg;

	int len = read(fd, rd_st->buf, BUF_SIZE);

	rd_st->buf[len-1] = '\0';

	printf("rd_cb (stdin): %s \n",rd_st->buf);

	event_del(rd_st->ev);

	event_set(rd_st->ev, STDOUT_FILENO,  EV_WRITE | EV_PERSIST,

					wr_cb,(void*)rd_st);

	event_add(rd_st->ev,NULL);

}

//标准输出 写事件

//输出,把写事件删掉,添加读事件,边写边读

void wr_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg)

{

	rw_st *wr_st = (rw_st*)arg;

	printf("wr_cb (stdout): %s\n",wr_st->buf);

	memset(wr_st->buf,0,BUF_SIZE);

	event_del(wr_st->ev);

	event_set(wr_st->ev, STDIN_FILENO, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,

					rd_cb, (void*)wr_st);

	event_add(wr_st->ev,wr_st->tv);

}

//SIGINT 信号事件

void sigint_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg)

{

	struct timeval tv_1s = {1,0};

	printf("SIGINT : EXIT IN 1s\n");

	event_base_loopexit(base,&tv_1s);

}

//SIGHUB 信号事件

void sighup_cb(int fd, short event, void *arg)

{

	printf("SIGHUP: EXIT AT ONCE\n");

	event_base_loopbreak(base);

}

int main()

{

	printf("pid = %ld\n",getpid());

	base = event_init();

	//定时器

	tv.tv_sec = 5;

	tv.tv_usec = 0;

	evtimer_set(&time_ev, time_cb, NULL);//一次性,默认全局的current_base

//　event_set(&time_ev,-1,0,time_cb,NULL);

//	event_base_set(base, &time_ev);  //可省，在这里current_base等同base

	event_add(&time_ev,&tv);

	//io 读事件  指针 event_new

	char buf[1024] = {0};

	struct timeval io_tv = {2,0};

	rw_st *rd_st = (rw_st*)malloc(sizeof(rw_st));

	memset(rd_st,0,sizeof(rw_st));

	struct event *io_ev = (struct event*)malloc(sizeof(struct event));

	memset(io_ev,0,sizeof(struct event));

	rd_st->ev = io_ev;

	rd_st->buf = buf;

	rd_st->tv = &io_tv;

	event_assign(rd_st->ev,base,STDIN_FILENO,

					EV_TIMEOUT | EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,rd_cb,(void*)rd_st);

	event_add(rd_st->ev,rd_st->tv);

	//SIGINT 信号事件

	struct event sigint_ev;

	event_assign(&sigint_ev,base,SIGINT, EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST,sigint_cb,NULL);

//	event_set(&sigint_ev, SIGINT, EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST,

//											sigint_cb, NULL);

	//event_base_set(base, &sigint_ev);

	event_add(&sigint_ev,NULL);

//	struct event *sigint_ev = event_new(base,SIGINT,

//			 EV_SIGNAL | EV_PERSIST, sigint_cb, NULL);

//	event_add(sigint_ev,NULL);

	//SIGHUP 信号事件

	//测试: $ kill -SIGHUP pid

	struct event *sighup_ev;

	sighup_ev = evsignal_new(base, SIGHUP, sighup_cb, NULL);

	event_add(sighup_ev,NULL);

	event_base_dispatch(base);

	//event_base_loop(base,0);

	event_free(sighup_ev);

	event_base_free(base);

	free(rd_st);

	printf("EXIT\n");

	return 0;

}

###原创所有，转载注明原文出处．若有错误，欢迎指正，共同学习，谢谢！

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