LINQ to SQL语句(7)之Exists/In/Any/All/Contains

时间:2022-02-05 22:01:44

适用场景:用于判断集合中元素,进一步缩小范围。

Any

说明:用于判断集合中是否有元素满足某一条件;不延迟。(若条件为空,则集合只要不为空就返回True,否则为False)。有2种形式,分别为简单形式和带条件形式。

1.简单形式:

仅返回没有订单的客户:

var q =
from c in db.Customers
where !c.Orders.Any()
select c;

生成SQL语句为:

SELECT [t0].[CustomerID], [t0].[CompanyName], [t0].[ContactName],
[t0].[ContactTitle], [t0].[Address], [t0].[City], [t0].[Region],
[t0].[PostalCode], [t0].[Country], [t0].[Phone], [t0].[Fax]
FROM [dbo].[Customers] AS [t0]
WHERE NOT (EXISTS(
SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Orders] AS [t1]
WHERE [t1].[CustomerID] = [t0].[CustomerID]
))

2.带条件形式:

仅返回至少有一种产品断货的类别:

var q =
from c in db.Categories
where c.Products.Any(p => p.Discontinued)
select c;
SELECT [t0].[CategoryID], [t0].[CategoryName], [t0].[Description],
[t0].[Picture] FROM [dbo].[Categories] AS [t0]
WHERE EXISTS(
SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY] FROM [dbo].[Products] AS [t1]
WHERE ([t1].[Discontinued] = 1) AND
([t1].[CategoryID] = [t0].[CategoryID])
)

All

说明:用于判断集合中所有元素是否都满足某一条件;不延迟

1.带条件形式

var q =
from c in db.Customers
where c.Orders.All(o => o.ShipCity == c.City)
select c;

语句描述:这个例子返回所有订单都运往其所在城市的客户或未下订单的客户。

Contains

说明:用于判断集合中是否包含有某一元素;不延迟。它是对两个序列进行连接操作的。

string[] customerID_Set =
new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" };
var q = (
from o in db.Orders
where customerID_Set.Contains(o.CustomerID)
select o).ToList();

语句描述:查找"AROUT", "BOLID" 和 "FISSA" 这三个客户的订单。先定义了一个数组,在LINQ to SQL中使用Contains,数组中包含了所有的CustomerID,即返回结果中,所有的CustomerID都在这个集合内。也就是in。 你也可以把数组的定义放在LINQ to SQL语句里。比如:

var q = (
from o in db.Orders
where (
new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })
.Contains(o.CustomerID)
select o).ToList();

Not Contains则取反:

var q = (
from o in db.Orders
where !(
new string[] { "AROUT", "BOLID", "FISSA" })
.Contains(o.CustomerID)
select o).ToList();

1.包含一个对象:

var order = (from o in db.Orders
where o.OrderID ==
select o).First();
var q = db.Customers.Where(p => p.Orders.Contains(order)).ToList();
foreach (var cust in q)
{
foreach (var ord in cust.Orders)
{
//do something
}
}

语句描述:这个例子使用Contain查找哪个客户包含OrderID为10248的订单。

2.包含多个值:

string[] cities =
new string[] { "Seattle", "London", "Vancouver", "Paris" };
var q = db.Customers.Where(p=>cities.Contains(p.City)).ToList();

语句描述:这个例子使用Contains查找其所在城市为西雅图、伦敦、巴黎或温哥华的客户。