工作中遇到通过图片的url获取图片base64位的需求。一开始是用网上的方法，通过工具类Toolkit，虽然实现的代码比较简短，不过偶尔会遇到图片转成base64位不正确的情况，至今不知道为啥。
之后，又去网上搜了通过获取图片的二进制流转换成base64的方式，两种方式，都是亲测有效，通过Toolkit偶尔会出现，转base64后，展示不完整的问题。所以建议用通过下载二进制流转换的方式进行转换。
下面附上代码：
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream; import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon; import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.HeadlessException;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.Transparency;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL; public class ImageUtils { public static String getBase64ByImgUrl(String url){
String suffix = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
try {
URL urls = new URL(url);
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
Image image = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage(urls);
BufferedImage biOut = toBufferedImage(image);
ImageIO.write(biOut, suffix, baos);
String base64Str = Base64Util.encode(baos.toByteArray());
return base64Str;
} catch (Exception e) {
return "";
} } public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(Image image) {
if (image instanceof BufferedImage) {
return (BufferedImage) image;
}
// This code ensures that all the pixels in the image are loaded
image = new ImageIcon(image).getImage();
BufferedImage bimage = null;
GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment
.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
try {
int transparency = Transparency.OPAQUE;
GraphicsDevice gs = ge.getDefaultScreenDevice();
GraphicsConfiguration gc = gs.getDefaultConfiguration();
bimage = gc.createCompatibleImage(image.getWidth(null),
image.getHeight(null), transparency);
} catch (HeadlessException e) {
// The system does not have a screen
}
if (bimage == null) {
// Create a buffered image using the default color model
int type = BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB;
bimage = new BufferedImage(image.getWidth(null),
image.getHeight(null), type);
}
// Copy image to buffered image
Graphics g = bimage.createGraphics();
// Paint the image onto the buffered image
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
g.dispose();
return bimage;
}
/**
* 通过图片的url获取图片的base64字符串
* @param imgUrl 图片url
* @return 返回图片base64的字符串
*/
public static String image2Base64(String imgUrl) { URL url = null; InputStream is = null; ByteArrayOutputStream outStream = null; HttpURLConnection httpUrl = null; try{ url = new URL(imgUrl); httpUrl = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); httpUrl.connect(); httpUrl.getInputStream(); is = httpUrl.getInputStream(); outStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //创建一个Buffer字符串 byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; //每次读取的字符串长度，如果为-1，代表全部读取完毕 int len = 0; //使用一个输入流从buffer里把数据读取出来 while( (len=is.read(buffer)) != -1 ){ //用输出流往buffer里写入数据，中间参数代表从哪个位置开始读，len代表读取的长度 outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } // 对字节数组Base64编码 return Base64Util.encode(outStream.toByteArray()); }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally{ if(is != null) { try { is.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(outStream != null) { try { outStream.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if(httpUrl != null) { httpUrl.disconnect(); } } return imgUrl; }
}
其中
getBase64ByImgUrl方法为通过Toolkit获取的方式，至于为啥没注释，因为我也看不懂原理，也是抄来的。
image2Base64方法为通过下载二进制流的方式，当然也是抄来的。写出来是为了总结一下。下次遇到相同的问题，不用到处查了。
附上Base64Util的代码：
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern; import javax.imageio.stream.FileImageInputStream; import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder; public class Base64Util{
/**
* 字符串转图片
* @param base64Str
* @return
*/
public static byte[] decode(String base64Str){
byte[] b = null;
BASE64Decoder decoder = new BASE64Decoder();
try {
b = decoder.decodeBuffer(replaceEnter(base64Str));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return b;
} /**
* 图片转字符串
* @param image
* @return
*/
public static String encode(byte[] image){
BASE64Encoder decoder = new BASE64Encoder();
return replaceEnter(decoder.encode(image));
} public static String encode(String uri){
BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
return replaceEnter(encoder.encode(uri.getBytes()));
} /**
*
* @path 图片路径
* @return
*/ public static byte[] imageTobyte(String path){
byte[] data = null;
FileImageInputStream input = null;
try {
input = new FileImageInputStream(new File(path));
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
int numBytesRead = 0;
while((numBytesRead = input.read(buf)) != -1){
output.write(buf, 0, numBytesRead);
}
data = output.toByteArray();
output.close();
input.close(); } catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} return data;
} public static String replaceEnter(String str){
String reg ="[\n-\r]";
Pattern p = Pattern.compile(reg);
Matcher m = p.matcher(str);
return m.replaceAll("");
} }