继承 extends
子版只能继承一个父模板
1.父模板 master.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{% block title %} {% endblock %}</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/common.css">
<style>
.pg-header{
height: 50px;
background-color: red;
color:blue
}
{% block css %} {% endblock %}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="pg-header">小男孩管理</div> {% block content %} {% endblock %} <div class="pg-footer"></div> <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script> {% block js %} {% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
2.子版继承方法
{% extends 'master.html' %} #引用母版
{% block title %}用户管理{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<h1>用户管理</h1>
<ul>
{% for i in u %}
<li>{{ i }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
{% block css %}
<style>
body{
background-color: black;
}
</style>
{% endblock %}
{% block js %}
<script>
</script>
{% endblock %}
导入定制的组件 include
创建tag.html
在index.html中导入tag.html，可以导入很多个
{% include 'tag.html' %}
tag.html
form>
<input type="text" name="user"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
index.html
{# 指定继承的模板 #}
{% extends 'master.html' %}
{# 指定替换的位置 #}
{% block title %}
tp1
{% endblock %}
{# 指定替换的位置 #}
{% block content %}
<p>tp1</p>
{# 导入单独组件 #}
{% include 'tag.html' %}
{% endblock %}
simple_tag and filter
1.django默认自带方法
{{ item.event_start|date:"Y-m-d H:i:s"}} #日期格式进行转换
{{ bio|truncatewords:"30" }} #取字符串前30位
{{ my_list|first|upper }} #第一个字符大写
{{ name|lower }} #所有字符小写
2.simple_tag
第一步： 在app01下面创建templatetags（必须是这个名字）文件夹
第二步：在templatetags下面创建test1.py文件
第三步：模板中 首先在开头要先导入 {% load test1 %}
第四步： 模板中使用方法 {% 函数名 参数1 参数2 %}
test1.py
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
# 必须是register对象
register = template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def func(a1,a2):
return a1 + a2
index.py
{% load test1 %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
{{ name }}
{{ name|lower }}
{% func 2 5 %}
</body>
</html>
3.filter
test1.py
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
# 必须是register对象
register = template.Library()
@register.simple_tag
def func(a1,a2):
return a1 + a2 @register.filter()
def func1(b1,b2):
return b1 + b2
index.py
{% load test1 %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
{{ name }}
{{ name|lower }}
{# simpletag#}
{% func 2 5 %}
{# filter#}
{{ 'zhang'|func1:'derek' }}
</body>
</html>
总结：
simple: 优点：参数任意 缺点：不能作为if条件 filter 优点：最多两个参数 缺点：可以作为if条件
分页
1.简单分页
涉及xss攻击，需要用到mark_safe方法，使用此方法字符串传输到后端后，已html形式显示，而非字符串
HTML文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.pagination .page{
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: cyan;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</div>
</body>
</html>
user_list.html
views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe LIST = []
for i in range(109):
LIST.append(i) from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get('p',1)
current_page = int(current_page) start = (current_page-1)*10
end = current_page*10
data = LIST[start:end] all_count = len(LIST)
count,y = divmod(all_count,10)
if y :
count +=1 page_list = []
for i in range(1,count+1):
if i == current_page:
temp = '<a class="page active" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>'%(i,i)
else:
temp = '<a class="page" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>'%(i,i) page_list.append(temp) page_str = mark_safe(''.join(page_list)) return render(request,'user_list.html',{'li':data,'page_str':page_str})
浏览器访问地址
浏览器访问地址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/user_list/?p=3
2.增加功能
分页数进行定制，添加上一页、下一页，增加跳转功能，实现分页的完整功能
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.pagination .page{
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: cyan;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</div>
</body>
</html> user_list.html
user_list
views.py
LIST = []
for i in range(199):
LIST.append(i) from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get('p',1)
current_page = int(current_page) start = (current_page-1)*10
end = current_page*10
data = LIST[start:end] all_count = len(LIST)
total_count,y = divmod(all_count,10)
if y :
total_count +=1
pager_num = 11 #页码数 page_list = []
if total_count < pager_num : #总页面小于页码数
start_index = 1
end_index = total_count + 1
else:
if current_page <= pager_num/2: #开头
start_index = 1
end_index = pager_num + 1
elif current_page + (pager_num-1)/2 >= total_count: #中间
start_index = total_count - (pager_num-1)
end_index = total_count + 1
else: #结尾
start_index = current_page - (pager_num-1)/2
end_index = current_page + (pager_num-1)/2 + 1 # 上下页码
if current_page == 1:
prev = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0)">上一页</a>' # 什么都不干
else:
prev = '<a class="page" href="/user_list/?p=%s">上一页</a>'%(current_page-1)
page_list.append(prev)
for i in range(int(start_index),int(end_index)):
if i == current_page:
temp = '<a class="page active" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>'%(i,i)
else:
temp = '<a class="page" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>'%(i,i) page_list.append(temp)
if current_page == total_count:
nex = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0)">下一页</a>' # 什么都不干
else:
nex = '<a class="page" href="/user_list/?p=%s">下一页</a>'%(current_page+1)
page_list.append(nex) # 跳转 可以写到前端
jump = '''
<input type="text" /><a onclick="jumpTo(this,'/user_list/?p=');">GO</a>
<script>
function jumpTo(ths,base) {
var val = ths.previousSibling.value;
location.href = base + val;
}
</script>
'''
page_list.append(jump) page_str = mark_safe(''.join(page_list)) return render(request,'user_list.html',{'li':data,'page_str':page_str})
3.优化完善
页码代码跟业务代码分开，创建class类，然后views导入进去
app01下面创建 utils文件夹，里面创建pagination.py
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.pagination .page{
display: inline-block;
padding: 5px;
background-color: cyan;
margin: 5px;
}
.pagination .page.active{
background-color: brown;
color: white;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
{% for item in li %}
<li>{{ item }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
<div class="pagination">
{{ page_str }}
</div>
</body>
</html> user_list.html
user_list.html
views.py
LIST = []
for i in range(199):
LIST.append(i) class Page:
def __init__(self, current_page, data_count, per_page_count=10, pager_num=7):
self.current_page = current_page
self.data_count = data_count
self.per_page_count = per_page_count
self.pager_num = pager_num @property
def start(self):
return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_count @property
def end(self):
return self.current_page * self.per_page_count @property
def total_count(self):
v, y = divmod(self.data_count, self.per_page_count)
if y:
v += 1
return v def page_str(self, base_url):
page_list = [] if self.total_count < self.pager_num:
start_index = 1
end_index = self.total_count + 1
else:
if self.current_page <= (self.pager_num + 1) / 2:
start_index = 1
end_index = self.pager_num + 1
else:
start_index = self.current_page - (self.pager_num - 1) / 2
end_index = self.current_page + (self.pager_num + 1) / 2
if (self.current_page + (self.pager_num - 1) / 2) > self.total_count:
end_index = self.total_count + 1
start_index = self.total_count - self.pager_num + 1 if self.current_page == 1:
prev = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">上一页</a>'
else:
prev = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">上一页</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page - 1,)
page_list.append(prev) for i in range(int(start_index), int(end_index)):
if i == self.current_page:
temp = '<a class="page active" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>' % (base_url, i, i)
else:
temp = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>' % (base_url, i, i)
page_list.append(temp) if self.current_page == self.total_count:
nex = '<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">下一页</a>'
else:
nex = '<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">下一页</a>' % (base_url, self.current_page + 1,)
page_list.append(nex) jump = """
<input type='text' /><a onclick='jumpTo(this, "%s?p=");'>GO</a>
<script>
function jumpTo(ths,base){
var val = ths.previousSibling.value;
location.href = base + val;
}
</script>
""" % (base_url,) page_list.append(jump) page_str = mark_safe("".join(page_list)) return page_str from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
def user_list(request):
current_page = request.GET.get('p', 1)
current_page = int(current_page)
page_obj = Page(current_page,len(LIST)) data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end] page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/") return render(request, 'user_list.html', {'li': data,'page_str': page_str})