实现功能
导入——客户端使用 ajaxfileupload.js 插件实现Excel的异步上传，并在服务端解析成JSON字符串返回页面
导出——将页面中的grid表拼接成JSON串上传至服务器，在服务端新建Excel并将数据导入，随后返回url给用户下载
客户端（Test.aspx）
页面上需要实现的效果是显示一个“导入”按钮，hover时会显示标准格式图片，点击触发上传事件，选择Excel文件后上传到服务器，HTML代码如下
PS：使用了Bootstrap样式，也可以自己定义。“loadingDiv”为加载控件，“downfile”存放返回的url，提供下载。附送loading.gif资源，也可以用CSS绘制，可参考我的第一篇博文几个单元素Loading动画解构~
<div id="loadingDiv"><div id="loadingCont"><img src="assets/loading.gif"/><span style="">请稍等...</span></div></div>
<a id="downfile"><span></span></a> <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4">
<button class="btn btn-info" id="tab2-btn-import"><img src="assets/计算四参数.png"/><i class="icon-reply"></i>导入</button>
<input type="file" name="file" id="upload-file" accept="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, application/vnd.ms-excel"/>
</div> <div class="col-md-2 col-xs-4"><button class="btn btn-primary" id="tab2-btn-export"><i class="icon-share-alt"></i>导出</button></div>
CSS代码如下
#loadingDiv{
width:100%;
height:100%;
position:absolute;
z-index:;
display:none;
}
#loadingCont{
width:130px;
height:50px;
position:relative;
padding-left:10px;
left:calc(50% - 50px);
top:40%;
border-radius:3px;
background-color:#fff;
}
#loadingCont img{
width:50px;
height:50px;
}
#loadingCont span{
position:relative;
top:2px;
color: #696969;
font-family:"Microsoft YaHei";
}
#tab2-btn-import{
position:relative;
}
#tab2-btn-import img{
position:absolute;
top:-70px;
left:-145px;
border:1px solid #999;
display:none;
}
#upload-file{
width:80px;
height:35px;
position:absolute;
top:;
left:calc(50% - 40px);
cursor:pointer;
opacity:;
}
css
实现hover效果和导入、导出的JS代码：
//Uploadify
//导入
$("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel);
function ImportExcel() {
$("#loadingDiv").show(); //显示加载控件;
$.ajaxFileUpload(
{
url: 'Test.aspx', //用于文件上传的服务器端请求地址
secureuri: false, //是否需要安全协议，一般设置为false
fileElementId: 'upload-file', //文件上传域的ID
dataType: 'JSON', //返回值类型 一般设置为json
success: function (data, status) //服务器成功响应处理函数
{
if (status == "success") {
try {
var jsondata = $.parseJSON(data);
if (jsondata[0]["源坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["源坐标Y"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标X"] == undefined || jsondata[0]["目标坐标Y"] == undefined) {
alert("Excel格式有误，请按标准格式导入");
}
else {
var rows_be = grid.count();
for (var i = 1; i <= rows_be ; i++) {
grid.removeRow(i); //grid.clear()不会清空，再使用addRow时仍会显示之前数据，暂时解决办法为暴力清空
}
for (var i = 0; i < jsondata.length; i++) {
grid.addRow({ '点名': jsondata[i]["点名"], "源坐标X": jsondata[i]["源坐标X"], "源坐标Y": jsondata[i]["源坐标Y"], "目标坐标X": jsondata[i]["目标坐标X"], "目标坐标Y": jsondata[i]["目标坐标Y"] });
}
}
}
catch (e) {
console.log(e);
alert("Excel格式有误，请按标准格式导入");
}
finally {
$("#upload-file").change(ImportExcel); //ajaxFileUpload插件执行完成会新建，需要重新绑定事件
$("#loadingDiv").hide(); //数据准备完成，隐藏加载控件
}
}
},
error: function (data, status, e)//服务器响应失败处理函数
{
console.log(e);
$("#loadingDiv").hide();
}
});
} //hover时显示提示
$("#upload-file").hover(function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").show(); }, function () { $("#tab2-btn-import img").hide(); }); //导出
$("#tab2-btn-export").on("click", ExportExcel);
function ExportExcel() {
$("#loadingDiv").show();
$.ajax({
type: 'post',
url: 'Test.aspx/Export2Excel',
data: "{'RowData':'" + JSON.stringify(grid.getAll()) + "'}",
dataType: 'json',
contentType: 'application/json;charset=utf-8',
success: function (data) {
console.log(data);
if (data.d == "") {
alert("该时段无历史数据");
}
else {
var jsondata = $.parseJSON(data.d);
if (jsondata["result"] != "fail") downloadFile(window.location.host + "\\文件路径，此处隐藏\\" + jsondata["result"]);
}
$("#loadingDiv").hide();
},
error: function (msg) {
console.log(msg);
$("#loadingDiv").hide();
}
});
}
});
//自动下载文件
function downloadFile(docurl) {
$("#downfile").attr("href", "http://" + docurl);
$("#downfile span").click();
}
PS：对于ajaxFileUpload插件的使用可以看看这篇文章jQuery插件之ajaxFileUpload，因为插件代码很短所以在这里贴出来，各位新建一个js文件粘进去即可。
jQuery.extend({
createUploadIframe: function(id, uri)
{
//create frame
var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
if(window.ActiveXObject) {
var io = document.createElement('<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" />');
if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){
io.src = 'javascript:false';
}
else if(typeof uri== 'string'){
io.src = uri;
}
}
else {
var io = document.createElement('iframe');
io.id = frameId;
io.name = frameId;
}
io.style.position = 'absolute';
io.style.top = '-1000px';
io.style.left = '-1000px';
document.body.appendChild(io);
return io
},
createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId)
{
//create form
var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id;
var form = $('<form action="" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');
var oldElement = $('#' + fileElementId);
var newElement = $(oldElement).clone();
$(oldElement).attr('id', fileId);
$(oldElement).before(newElement);
$(oldElement).appendTo(form);
//set attributes
$(form).css('position', 'absolute');
$(form).css('top', '-1200px');
$(form).css('left', '-1200px');
$(form).appendTo('body');
return form;
},
addOtherRequestsToForm: function(form,data)
{
// add extra parameter
var originalElement = $('<input type="hidden" name="" value="">');
for (var key in data) {
name = key;
value = data[key];
var cloneElement = originalElement.clone();
cloneElement.attr({'name':name,'value':value});
$(cloneElement).appendTo(form);
}
return form;
},
ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {
// TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout
s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);
var id = new Date().getTime()
var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId);
if ( s.data ) form = jQuery.addOtherRequestsToForm(form,s.data);
var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri);
var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
// Watch for a new set of requests
if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ )
{
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
}
var requestDone = false;
// Create the request object
var xml = {}
if ( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);
// Wait for a response to come back
var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout)
{
var io = document.getElementById(frameId);
try
{
if(io.contentWindow)
{
xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null;
xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
}else if(io.contentDocument)
{
xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null;
xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;
}
}catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout")
{
requestDone = true;
var status;
try {
status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";
// Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified
if ( status != "error" )
{
// process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)
var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );
// If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data
if ( s.success )
s.success( data, status );
// Fire the global callback
if( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );
} else
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);
} catch(e)
{
status = "error";
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);
}
// The request was completed
if( s.global )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] );
// Handle the global AJAX counter
if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )
jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );
// Process result
if ( s.complete )
s.complete(xml, status);
jQuery(io).unbind()
setTimeout(function()
{ try
{
$(io).remove();
$(form).remove();
} catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
}, 100)
xml = null
}
}
// Timeout checker
if ( s.timeout > 0 )
{
setTimeout(function(){
// Check to see if the request is still happening
if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );
}, s.timeout);
}
try
{
// var io = $('#' + frameId);
var form = $('#' + formId);
$(form).attr('action', s.url);
$(form).attr('method', 'POST');
$(form).attr('target', frameId);
if(form.encoding)
{
form.encoding = 'multipart/form-data';
}
else
{
form.enctype = 'multipart/form-data';
}
$(form).submit();
} catch(e)
{
jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
}
if(window.attachEvent){
document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent('onload', uploadCallback);
}
else{
document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener('load', uploadCallback, false);
}
return {abort: function () {}};
},
uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {
var data = !type;
data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
// If the type is "script", eval it in global context
if ( type == "script" )
jQuery.globalEval( data );
// Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
if ( type == "json" )
{
// If you add mimetype in your response,
// you have to delete the '<pre></pre>' tag.
// The pre tag in Chrome has attribute, so have to use regex to remove
var data = r.responseText;
var rx = new RegExp("<pre.*?>(.*?)</pre>","i");
var am = rx.exec(data);
//this is the desired data extracted
var data = (am) ? am[1] : ""; //the only submatch or empty
eval( "data = " + data );
}
// evaluate scripts within html
if ( type == "html" )
jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();
//alert($('param', data).each(function(){alert($(this).attr('value'));}));
return data;
},
handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) {
// If a local callback was specified, fire it
if ( s.error ) {
s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e );
}
// Fire the global callback
if ( s.global ) {
(s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] );
}
}
})
ajaxfileupload.js
服务端（Test.aspx.cs）
在服务端做Excel解析常用的有三种方法：
一是使用微软的开放式数据库接口技术OleDb，建立连接后可像数据库一样操作Excel，但是个人测试发现在网页文件上传成功后，OleDb接口无法读取文件，页面报跨域错误（本机调试通过，发布后报错），但路径却是同源的，一直不知道问题在哪儿，希望有了解的前辈指点指点。
二是使用Com组件方式读取，这种方式也尝试过，读取速度相对来说非常慢，故舍弃。
三是使用第三方的NPOI插件。因为前两种方法依赖于微软的Office环境，所以在使用时需要在服务器上安装Office，而这种方法只要下载并引用dll文件即可，优势明显。并且个人测试效率也很高，使用方便，故采用。
以下为服务端代码：
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
HttpFileCollection files = Request.Files;
string msg = string.Empty;
string error = string.Empty;
//string docurl;
if (files.Count > )
{
string path = Server.MapPath("~/项目目录/uploadfile/") + Path.GetFileName(files[].FileName); files[].SaveAs(path);
//msg = "成功！文件大小为:" + files[0].ContentLength; //解析Excel
string excelgrid = "";
using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(path))
{
DataTable dt = excelHelper.ExcelToDataTable("MySheet", true);
excelgrid = JsonHepler.ToJson(dt);
}
//string res = "{ error:'" + error + "', msg:'" + msg + "',excelgrid:'" + excelgrid + "'}";
Response.Write(excelgrid);
Response.End();
}
} [WebMethod]
public static string Export2Excel(string RowData)
{
try
{
DataTable dt = JsonHepler.JsonToDataTable(RowData);
string docname = string.Format("{0:yyyyMMddHHmmssffff}", DateTime.Now) + ".xlsx";
string docurl = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "项目目录\\downloadfile\\" + docname;
int count = ; using (ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper(docurl))
{
count = excelHelper.DataTableToExcel(dt,"MySheet", true);
} if (count >= ) return "{\"result\":\""+ docname + "\"}";
else return "{'result':'fail'}";
}
catch(Exception)
{
throw;
}
}
NPOI为第三方插件，关于NPOI的使用可以参考NPOI读写Excel，文章中也提供了读取/写入的工具类。同时提供NPOI的下载地址，下载后根据.net版本引入dll即可，在此我使用的是4.0，所以引用了 Net40 文件夹中的数个dll。
接下来我们就可以调试发布啦~