Apache CXF实现Web Service（1）——不借助重量级Web容器和Spring实现一个纯的JAX-WS web service

废话少说，先在Eclipse中新建一个Java Project

（可以不是WTP的Dynamic Web Project）

选择Java Project

再看pom.xml

我们使用cxf 3.1.4版本，

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxfstudy</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-test-standalone-ws-helloworld</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>cxf-test-standalone-ws-helloworld Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  

    <properties>
<!-- <cxf.version>2.7.18</cxf.version> -->
<!-- 注意使用2.x.x版本的同学，下面例子中引入cxf-bundle-jaxrs是不必要的，因为jaxws启动一个服务需要类JaxWsServerFactoryBean在cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws.jar中-->

        <cxf.version>3.1.4</cxf.version>
    </properties>  

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-ws-security</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
            <artifactId>cxf-rt-ws-policy</artifactId>
            <version>${cxf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
<!--         <dependency>   -->
<!--             <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>   -->
<!--             <artifactId>cxf-bundle-jaxrs</artifactId>   -->
<!--             <version>${cxf.version}</version>   -->
<!--         </dependency>   -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.ws.rs</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsr311-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>  

    <build>
        <finalName>cxfstudy</finalName>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**</include>
                </includes>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>**/*.java</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </resource>
        </resources>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jetty-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <contextPath>/</contextPath>
                    <connectors>
                        <connector implementation="org.mortbay.jetty.nio.SelectChannelConnector">
                            <port>9000</port>
                        </connector>
                    </connectors>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>  

</project>

另外有例子给出的slf4j是slf4j-jdk14 (http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-jdk14)的版本，如果用jdk5以上的同学可以将其替换成slf4j-simple实现。

CXF Web Service （Annotation）实现，上代码

CXF支持两种方式发布一个web service，一种是Java Annotation（Bottom up），另外一种是先定义好wsdl和xsd schema然后通过工具生成（Top down），我们这里的例子先介绍Java Annotation。

首先我们需要定义一个web service接口类HelloWorld，并加上Annotation

package com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebResult;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService
public interface HelloWorld {
    @WebMethod
    @WebResult String sayHi(@WebParam String text);
}

在此我们先不介绍 @WebService、 @WebMethod、@WebResult还有@WebParam如何工作的。

然后我们需要用HelloWorldImpl来实现这个接口类，

package com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services;

public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld {
	public String sayHi(String name) {
        String msg = "Hello " + name + "!";
        return msg;
    }
}

发布一个Web Service

我们先用一个最简单的方式，使用javax.xml.ws.Endpoint来发布

package com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.server;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

import com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorldImpl;

public class SimpleServer {  

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("Starting Server");
    	HelloWorldImpl implementor = new HelloWorldImpl();
    	String address = "http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld";
    	Endpoint.publish(address, implementor);
    }
}

注意：这里的address路径是大小写敏感的，如果发布成"http://localhost:9000/ws/helloWorld"，而客户端使用/HelloWorld会找不到服务。

直接Run As..-> Java Application

　　

我们可以在Eclipse中看到一个jetty服务正常运行

Starting Server
128 [main] INFO org.apache.cxf.service.factory.ReflectionServiceFactoryBean - Creating Service {http://services.helloworld.ws.standalone.cxftest.richaaaard.cnblog.com/}HelloWorldImplService from class com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorld
487 [main] INFO org.apache.cxf.endpoint.ServerImpl - Setting the server's publish address to be http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld
506 [main] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server - jetty-8.1.15.v20140411
554 [main] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.AbstractConnector - Started SelectChannelConnector@localhost:9000

此时，我们通过浏览器访问http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld?WSDL

如何访问我们发布的这个服务呢？

我们利用jaxws中的JaxWsProxyFactoryBean来消费这个服务

package com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.client;

import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;

import com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorld;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
        factory.getInInterceptors().add(new LoggingInInterceptor());
        factory.getOutInterceptors().add(new LoggingOutInterceptor());
        factory.setServiceClass(HelloWorld.class);
        factory.setAddress("http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld");
        HelloWorld helloworld = (HelloWorld) factory.create();
        String reply = helloworld.sayHi("HI");
        System.out.println("Server said: " + reply);
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

　　同样右键选择Client.java，Run As.. ->Java Application，我们可以看到运行后台执行的日志最后成功返回“Server said: Hello HI!”

114 [main] INFO org.apache.cxf.service.factory.ReflectionServiceFactoryBean - Creating Service {http://services.helloworld.ws.standalone.cxftest.richaaaard.cnblog.com/}HelloWorldService from class com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorld
531 [main] INFO org.apache.cxf.services.HelloWorldService.HelloWorldPort.HelloWorld - Outbound Message
---------------------------
ID: 1
Address: http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld
Encoding: UTF-8
Http-Method: POST
Content-Type: text/xml
Headers: {Accept=[*/*], SOAPAction=[""]}
Payload: <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHi xmlns:ns2="http://services.helloworld.ws.standalone.cxftest.richaaaard.cnblog.com/"><arg0>HI</arg0></ns2:sayHi></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>
--------------------------------------
748 [main] INFO org.apache.cxf.services.HelloWorldService.HelloWorldPort.HelloWorld - Inbound Message
----------------------------
ID: 1
Response-Code: 200
Encoding: UTF-8
Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8
Headers: {Content-Length=[258], content-type=[text/xml;charset=UTF-8], Server=[Jetty(8.1.15.v20140411)]}
Payload: <soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><soap:Body><ns2:sayHiResponse xmlns:ns2="http://services.helloworld.ws.standalone.cxftest.richaaaard.cnblog.com/"><return>Hello HI!</return></ns2:sayHiResponse></soap:Body></soap:Envelope>
--------------------------------------
Server said: Hello HI!

　　上面Outbound Message和Inbound Message是我们加的两个Logging Interceptor输出的日志，关于Interceptor的原理和更多使用方式，会专题介绍。

这样就完成了一个Web Service的发布和消费

*服务端的扩展

除了用一个最简单的javax.xml.ws.Endpoint来发布CXF web service，我们还可以使用cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws.jar中的JaxWsServerFactoryBean来发布一个web service，它可以让我们更多的控制web service的行为，比如说加Logging Interceptor之类

package com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.server;

import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingInInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.interceptor.LoggingOutInterceptor;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsServerFactoryBean;

import com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorld;
import com.cnblog.richaaaard.cxftest.standalone.ws.helloworld.services.HelloWorldImpl;

public class Server {  

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	JaxWsServerFactoryBean factory = new JaxWsServerFactoryBean();
        factory.setServiceClass(HelloWorld.class);
        HelloWorldImpl implementor = new HelloWorldImpl();
        factory.setServiceBean(implementor);
        factory.getInInterceptors().add(new LoggingInInterceptor());
        factory.getOutInterceptors().add(new LoggingOutInterceptor());
        factory.setAddress("http://localhost:9000/ws/HelloWorld");
        factory.create();  

        System.out.println("Server start...");
        Thread.sleep(60 * 1000);
        System.out.println("Server exit...");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

　　

参考：

http://blog.csdn.net/kongxx/article/details/7525476

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/CXF20DOC/A+simple+JAX-WS+service