参考http://blog.51cto.com/kaliarch/2047358
一、概述
1.1 背景
为解决mongodb在replica set每个从节点上面的数据库均是对数据库的全量拷贝，从节点压力在高并发大数据量的场景下存在很大挑战，同时考虑到后期mongodb集群的在数据压力巨大时的扩展性，应对海量数据引出了分片机制。
1.2 分片概念
分片是将数据库进行拆分，将其分散在不同的机器上的过程，无需功能强大的服务器就可以存储更多的数据，处理更大的负载，在总数据中，将集合切成小块，将这些块分散到若干片中，每个片只负载总数据的一部分，通过一个知道数据与片对应关系的组件mongos的路由进程进行操作。
1.3 基础组件
其利用到了四个组件：mongos，config server，shard，replica set
mongos：数据库集群请求的入口，所有请求需要经过mongos进行协调，无需在应用层面利用程序来进行路由选择，mongos其自身是一个请求分发中心，负责将外部的请求分发到对应的shard服务器上，mongos作为统一的请求入口，为防止mongos单节点故障，一般需要对其做HA。
config server：配置服务器，存储所有数据库元数据（分片，路由）的配置。mongos本身没有物理存储分片服务器和数据路由信息，只是存缓存在内存中来读取数据，mongos在第一次启动或后期重启时候，就会从config server中加载配置信息，如果配置服务器信息发生更新会通知所有的mongos来更新自己的状态，从而保证准确的请求路由，生产环境中通常也需要多个config server，防止配置文件存在单节点丢失问题。
shard：在传统意义上来讲，如果存在海量数据，单台服务器存储1T压力非常大，无论考虑数据库的硬盘，网络IO，又有CPU，内存的瓶颈，如果多台进行分摊1T的数据，到每台上就是可估量的较小数据，在mongodb集群只要设置好分片规则，通过mongos操作数据库，就可以自动把对应的操作请求转发到对应的后端分片服务器上。
replica set：在总体mongodb集群架构中，对应的分片节点，如果单台机器下线，对应整个集群的数据就会出现部分缺失，这是不能发生的，因此对于shard节点需要replica set来保证数据的可靠性，生产环境通常为2个副本+1个仲裁。
1.4 架构图
二、安装部署
2.1 基础环境
为了节省服务器，采用多实例配置，三个mongos，三个config server，单个服务器上面运行不通角色的shard（为了后期数据分片均匀，将三台shard在各个服务器上充当不同的角色。），在一个节点内采用replica set保证高可用，对应主机与端口信息如下：
|
主机名 |
IP地址 |
组件config server |
组件mongos |
shard |
|
docker-1 |
172.17.0.2 |
端口：20000 |
端口：30000 |
主节点： 27017 |
|
副本节点：27018 |
||||
|
仲裁节点：27019 |
||||
|
docker-2 |
172.17.0.3 |
端口：20000 |
端口：30000 |
仲裁节点：27017 |
|
主节点： 27018 |
||||
|
副本节点：27019 |
||||
|
docker-3 |
172.17.0.4 |
端口：20000 |
端口：30000 |
副本节点：27017 |
|
仲裁节点：27018 |
||||
|
主节点： 27019 |
2.2、安装部署
2.2.1 软件下载目录创建
wget -c https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.6.3.tgz（-c：继续执行上次终端的任务）
tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.6.3.tgz
ln -sv mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.6.3 /usr/local/mongodb
-s 软链接(符号链接)
-v 显示详细的处理过程
echo "PATH=$PAHT:/usr/local/mongodb/bin">/etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh
source /etc/profile.d/mongodb.sh
2.2.2 创建目录
分别在docker-1/docker-2/docker-3创建目录及日志文件
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server1/{logs,conf,data,socket}
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server2/{logs,conf,data,socket}
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server3/{logs,conf,data,socket}
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server1/data/mongod-27017
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server1/data/mongod-27018
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server1/data/mongod-27019
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server1/data/mongosvr-20000
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server2/data/mongod-27017
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server2/data/mongod-27018
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server2/data/mongod-27019
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server2/data/mongosvr-20000
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server3/data/mongod-27017
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server3/data/mongod-27018
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server3/data/mongod-27019
mkdir -p /root/application/program/mongodb/data/server3/data/mongosvr-20000
2.2.3 启动docker容器
cd /root/application/program/mongodb
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/server1:/mongodb -p 27017:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/server2:/mongodb -p 27018:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
docker run -d -v `pwd`/data/server3:/mongodb -p 27019:27017 docker.io/mongodb:3.6.3 /usr/sbin/init
2.2.4 配置config server副本集
在mongodb3.4版本后要求配置服务器也创建为副本集，在此副本集名称：configdb
在三台服务器上配置config server副本集配置文件，并启动服务
cat >> /mongodb/mongosvr-20000.conf <<ENDF
systemLog:
destination: file
###日志存储位置
path: /mongodb/logs/mongosvr-20000.log #定义config server日志文件
logAppend: true
storage:
##journal配置
journal:
enabled: true
##数据文件存储位置
dbPath: /mongodb/data/mongosvr-20000
##是否一个库一个文件夹
directoryPerDB: true
##数据引擎
engine: wiredTiger
##WT引擎配置
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
##WT最大使用cache（根据服务器实际情况调节）
cacheSizeGB: 10
##是否将索引也按数据库名单独存储
directoryForIndexes: true
##表压缩配置
collectionConfig:
blockCompressor: zlib
##索引配置
indexConfig:
prefixCompression: true
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /mongodb/socket/mongodsvr-20000.pid
##端口配置
net:
port: 20000
bindIp: 172.17.0.2 #注意修改绑定IP
sharding:
clusterRole: configsvr
ENDF
mongod -f mongosvr-20000.conf -replSet configdb
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongod -f mongosvr-20000.conf -replSet configdb
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 204
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongod -f mongosvr-20000.conf -replSet configdb
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# ps -ef | grep mongo
root 204 0 22 06:57 ? 00:00:00 mongod -f mongosvr-20000.conf -replSet configdb
root 240 170 0 06:57 ? 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongo
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]#
任意登录一台服务器进行配置服务器副本集初始化
config = {_id:"configdb",members:[
{_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:20000"},{_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:20000"},
{_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:20000"},{_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:20000"},
{_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:20000"},]{_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:20000"},]
}}
rs.initiate(config)
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongo 172.17.0.2:20000
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {_id:"configdb",members:[
... {_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:20000"},
... {_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:20000"},
... {_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:20000"},]
... }
{
"_id" : "configdb",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "172.17.0.2:20000"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "172.17.0.3:20000"
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "172.17.0.4:20000"
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config)
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"$gleStats" : {
"lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")
},
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
查看集群状态：
configdb:SECONDARY> rs.status()rs.status()
{
"set" : "configdb",
"date" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:19:04.515Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"term" : NumberLong(0),
"configsvr" : true,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.17.0.2:20000",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 1303,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:18:56Z"),
"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.17.0.3:20000",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 8,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:18:56Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:18:56Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:19:01.250Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:19:01.983Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "172.17.0.4:20000",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 8,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:18:56Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:18:56Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:19:01.251Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:19:02.006Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"$gleStats" : {
"lastOpTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"electionId" : ObjectId("000000000000000000000000")
},
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534231136, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
此时config server集群已经配置完成，docker-1为primary，docker-2/docker-3为secondary
2.2.5 配置shard集群
三台服务器均进行shard集群配置
shard1配置
cat >> /mongodb/mongod-27017.conf <<ENDF
systemLog:
destination: file
###日志存储位置
path: /mongodb/logs/mongod-27017.log
logAppend: true
storage:
##journal配置
journal:
enabled: true
##数据文件存储位置
dbPath: /mongodb/data/mongod-27017
##是否一个库一个文件夹
directoryPerDB: true
##数据引擎
engine: wiredTiger
##WT引擎配置
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
##WT最大使用cache（根据服务器实际情况调节）
cacheSizeGB: 10
##是否将索引也按数据库名单独存储
directoryForIndexes: true
##表压缩配置
collectionConfig:
blockCompressor: zlib
##索引配置
indexConfig:
prefixCompression: true
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /mongodb/socket/mongod-27017.pid
##端口配置
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 172.17.0.2
ENDF
### –shardsvr 是表示以sharding模式启动Mongodb服务器
mongod -f mongod-27017.conf -replSet shard1 -shardsvr
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongod -f mongod-27017.conf -replSet shard1 -shardsvr
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 1020
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# ps -ef | grep mongo
root 204 0 1 06:57 ? 00:01:27 mongod -f mongosvr-20000.conf -replSet configdb
root 1020 0 15 08:47 ? 00:00:01 mongod -f mongod-27017.conf -replSet shard1 -shardsvr
root 1110 170 0 08:47 ? 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongo
查看此时服务已经正常启动，shard1的27017端口已经正常监听，接下来登录docker-1服务器进行shard1副本集初始化
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongo 172.17.0.2:27017
MongoDB shell version v3.6.3
connecting to: mongodb://172.17.0.2:27017/test
MongoDB server version: 3.6.3
Server has startup warnings:
2018-08-14T07:29:04.783+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:29:04.783+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-08-14T07:29:04.783+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-08-14T07:29:04.783+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2018-08-14T07:29:04.783+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T07:29:04.784+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
>
>
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {_id:"shard1",members:[
... {_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:27017"},
... {_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:27017",arbiterOnly:true},
... {_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:27017"},]
... }}
{
"_id" : "shard1",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "172.17.0.2:27017"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "172.17.0.3:27017",
"arbiterOnly" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "172.17.0.4:27017"
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config);rs.initiate(config);
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534232200, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534232200, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
查看集群状态，只列出了部分信息：
shard1:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard1",
"date" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:53.095Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.17.0.2:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 69,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:52Z"),
"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1534232211, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:51Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.17.0.3:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 7,
"stateStr" : "ARBITER",
"uptime" : 12,
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:53.062Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:52.233Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "172.17.0.4:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 12,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:52Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:52Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:53.062Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:36:52.345Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "172.17.0.2:27017",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534232212, 5),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
此时shard1 副本集已经配置完成，docker-1为primary，docker-2为arbiter，docker-3为secondary。
同样的操作进行shard2配置和shard3配置
注意：进行shard2的副本集初始化，在mongodb-2， 初始化shard3副本集在mongodb-3上进行操作。
shard2配置文件
cat >> /mongodb/mongod-27017.conf <<ENDF
systemLog:
destination: file
###日志存储位置
path: /mongodb/logs/mongod-27017.log
logAppend: true
storage:
##journal配置
journal:
enabled: true
##数据文件存储位置
dbPath: /mongodb/data/mongod-27017
##是否一个库一个文件夹
directoryPerDB: true
##数据引擎
engine: wiredTiger
##WT引擎配置
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
##WT最大使用cache（根据服务器实际情况调节）
cacheSizeGB: 10
##是否将索引也按数据库名单独存储
directoryForIndexes: true
##表压缩配置
collectionConfig:
blockCompressor: zlib
##索引配置
indexConfig:
prefixCompression: true
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /mongodb/socket/mongod-27017.pid
##端口配置
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 172.17.0.3
ENDF
mongod -f mongod-27017.conf -replSet shard2 -shardsvr
shard3配置文件
cat >> /mongodb/mongod-27017.conf <<ENDF
systemLog:
destination: file
###日志存储位置
path: /mongodb/logs/mongod-27017.log
logAppend: true
storage:
##journal配置
journal:
enabled: true
##数据文件存储位置
dbPath: /mongodb/data/mongod-27017
##是否一个库一个文件夹
directoryPerDB: true
##数据引擎
engine: wiredTiger
##WT引擎配置
wiredTiger:
engineConfig:
##WT最大使用cache（根据服务器实际情况调节）
cacheSizeGB: 10
##是否将索引也按数据库名单独存储
directoryForIndexes: true
##表压缩配置
collectionConfig:
blockCompressor: zlib
##索引配置
indexConfig:
prefixCompression: true
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /mongodb/socket/mongod-27017.pid
##端口配置
net:
port: 27017
bindIp: 172.17.0.3
ENDF
mongod -f mongod-27017.conf -replSet shard3 -shardsvr
在docker-2上进行shard2副本集初始化
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongo 172.17.0.2:27018
MongoDB shell version v3.6.3
connecting to: mongodb://172.17.0.2:27018/test
MongoDB server version: 3.6.3
Server has startup warnings:
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T07:40:03.757+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
> use admin
switched to db admin
> config = {_id:"shard2",members:[
... {_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:27018"},
... {_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:27018"},
... {_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:27018",arbiterOnly:true},]
... }}
{
"_id" : "shard2",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "172.17.0.2:27018"
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "172.17.0.3:27018"
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "172.17.0.4:27018",
"arbiterOnly" : true
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config);rs.initiate(config);
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534232500, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534232500, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
shard2:SECONDARY>
查看shard2副本集状态
shard2:PRIMARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard2",
"date" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:32.972Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"readConcernMajorityOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.17.0.2:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 269,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:23Z"),
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1534232512, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:41:52Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.17.0.3:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 172,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:23Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:23Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:32.246Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:30.986Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"syncingTo" : "172.17.0.2:27018",
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "172.17.0.4:27018",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 7,
"stateStr" : "ARBITER",
"uptime" : 172,
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:32.244Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T07:44:32.794Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534232663, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
登录docker-3进行shard3副本集初始化
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongo 172.17.0.3:27019
MongoDB shell version v3.6.3
connecting to: mongodb://172.17.0.3:27019/test
MongoDB server version: 3.6.3
Server has startup warnings:
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2018-08-14T08:00:06.479+0000 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
> use adminuse admin
switched to db admin
>
>
> config = {_id:"shard3",members:[
... {_id:0,host:"172.17.0.2:27019",arbiterOnly:true},
... {_id:1,host:"172.17.0.3:27019"},
... {_id:2,host:"172.17.0.4:27019"},]
... }}
{
"_id" : "shard3",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"host" : "172.17.0.2:27019",
"arbiterOnly" : true
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"host" : "172.17.0.3:27019"
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"host" : "172.17.0.4:27019"
}
]
}
> rs.initiate(config);
{
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
shard3:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard3",
"date" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:23.568Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"term" : NumberLong(0),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.17.0.2:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 7,
"stateStr" : "ARBITER",
"uptime" : 6,
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:21.944Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:18.925Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.17.0.3:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 558,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "172.17.0.4:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 6,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:21.944Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:19.060Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
shard3:SECONDARY>
查看shard3副本集状态
shard3:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "shard3",
"date" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:25.488Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"term" : NumberLong(0),
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.17.0.2:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 7,
"stateStr" : "ARBITER",
"uptime" : 8,
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:21.944Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:23.928Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.17.0.3:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 560,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "172.17.0.4:27019",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 8,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:16Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:21.944Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2018-08-14T08:09:24.061Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(0),
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234156, 1),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
}
}
此时shard集群全部已经配置完毕。
2.2.6 配置路由服务器mongos
目前三台服务器的配置服务器和分片服务器均已启动，配置三台mongos服务器
由于mongos服务器的配置是从内存中加载，所以自己没有存在数据目录configdb连接为配置服务器集群
cat >> /mongodb/mongos-30000.conf <<ENDF
systemLog:
destination: file
###日志存储位置
path: /mongodb/logs/mongos-30000.log
logAppend: true
processManagement:
fork: true # fork and run in background
pidFilePath: /mongodb/socket/mongos-30000.pid
##端口配置
net:
port: 30000
bindIp: 172.17.0.2
## 将confige server 添加到路由
sharding:
configDB: configdb/172.17.0.2:20000,172.17.0.3:20000,172.17.0.4:20000
ENDF
mongos -f mongos-30000.conf
目前config server集群/shard集群/mongos服务均已启动，但此时为设置分片，还不能使用分片功能。需要登录mongos启用分片
登录任意一台mongos
[root@a35e154acb47 mongodb]# mongo 172.17.0.2:30000
MongoDB shell version v3.6.3
connecting to: mongodb://172.17.0.2:30000/test
MongoDB server version: 3.6.3
Server has startup warnings:
2018-08-14T07:21:29.694+0000 I CONTROL [main]
2018-08-14T07:21:29.694+0000 I CONTROL [main] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2018-08-14T07:21:29.694+0000 I CONTROL [main] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2018-08-14T07:21:29.694+0000 I CONTROL [main] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2018-08-14T07:21:29.694+0000 I CONTROL [main]
mongos> use adminuse admin
switched to db admin
mongos> db.runCommand({addshard:"shard1/172.17.0.2:27017,172.17.0.3:27017,172.17.0.4:27017"})
db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018,172.17.0.4:27018"})
db.runCommand({addshard:"shard3/172.17.0.2:27019,172.17.0.3:27019,172.17.0.4:27019"}){
"shardAdded" : "shard1",
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234937, 3),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234937, 3)
}
mongos> db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018,172.17.0.4:27018"})db.runCommand({addshard:"shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018,172.17.0.4:27018"})
{
"shardAdded" : "shard2",
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234937, 5),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234937, 5)
}
mongos> db.runCommand({addshard:"shard3/172.17.0.2:27019,172.17.0.3:27019,172.17.0.4:27019"})db.runCommand({addshard:"shard3/172.17.0.2:27019,172.17.0.3:27019,172.17.0.4:27019"})
{
"shardAdded" : "shard3",
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534234938, 2),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534234938, 2)
}
mongos>
查看集群
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("5b72826cf59ff6d759023045")
}
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard1", "host" : "shard1/172.17.0.2:27017,172.17.0.4:27017", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard2", "host" : "shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018", "state" : 1 }
{ "_id" : "shard3", "host" : "shard3/172.17.0.3:27019,172.17.0.4:27019", "state" : 1 }
active mongoses:
"3.6.3" : 3
autosplit:
Currently enabled: yes
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
2 : Success
1 : Failed with error 'aborted', from shard3 to shard1
databases:
{ "_id" : "config", "primary" : "config", "partitioned" : true }
config.system.sessions
shard key: { "_id" : 1 }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard11
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard1 Timestamp(1, 0)
{ "_id" : "school", "primary" : "shard3", "partitioned" : true }
school.student
shard key: { "_id" : "hashed" }
unique: false
balancing: true
chunks:
shard11
shard21
shard31
{ "_id" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } on : shard1 Timestamp(2, 0)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("-3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } on : shard2 Timestamp(3, 0)
{ "_id" : NumberLong("3074457345618258602") } -->> { "_id" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard3 Timestamp(3, 1)
mongos>
三、 测试
目前配置服务、路由服务、分片服务、副本集服务都已经串联起来了，此时进行数据插入，数据能够自动分片。连接在mongos上让指定的数据库、指定的集合分片生效。
注意：设置分片需要在admin数据库进行
|
1 2 3 |
use admin db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"school"}); #开启kaliarch库分片功能 db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "school.student",key : {_id:"hashed"} } ) #指定数据库里需要分片的集合tables和片键_id |
设置school的 student表需要分片，根据 _id 自动分片到 shard1 ，shard2，shard3 上面去。
mongos> db.runCommand( { enablesharding :"school"});
{
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534235216, 7),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534235216, 7)
}
mongos> db.runCommand( { shardcollection : "school.student",key : {_id:"hashed"} } )
{
"collectionsharded" : "school.student",
"collectionUUID" : UUID("dbbcd092-a519-44be-8ebf-3cec16f866c5"),
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534235226, 22),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534235226, 22)
}
查看分片信息
mongos> db.runCommand({listshards:1})
{
"shards" : [
{
"_id" : "shard1",
"host" : "shard1/172.17.0.2:27017,172.17.0.4:27017",
"state" : 1
},
{
"_id" : "shard2",
"host" : "shard2/172.17.0.2:27018,172.17.0.3:27018",
"state" : 1
},
{
"_id" : "shard3",
"host" : "shard3/172.17.0.3:27019,172.17.0.4:27019",
"state" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1,
"$clusterTime" : {
"clusterTime" : Timestamp(1534235275, 2),
"signature" : {
"hash" : BinData(0,"AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA="),
"keyId" : NumberLong(0)
}
},
"operationTime" : Timestamp(1534235275, 2)
}
测试插入数据
mongos> use school
switched to db school
mongos> for (var i = 1; i <= 1; i++) db.student.save({_id:i,"test1":"testval1"});for (var i = 1; i <= 1; i++) db.student.save({_id:i,"test1":"testval1"});
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 0, "_id" : 1 })
mongos> for (var i = 1; i <= 100000; i++) db.student.save({_id:i,"test1":"testval1"});
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 0, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 0, "_id" : 100000 })
mongos>
查看分片情况：（省去部分信息）
db.table1.stats()
{
"sharded" : true,
"capped" : false,
"ns" : "school.student",
"count" : 100000, #总count
"size" : 3800000,
"storageSize" : 1335296,
"totalIndexSize" : 4329472,
"indexSizes" : {
"_id_" : 1327104,
"_id_hashed" : 3002368
},
"avgObjSize" : 38,
"nindexes" : 2,
"nchunks" : 6,
"shards" : {
"shard1" : {
"ns" : "school.student",
"size" : 1282690,
"count" : 33755, #shard1的count数
"avgObjSize" : 38,
"storageSize" : 450560,
"capped" : false,
......
"shard2" : {
"ns" : "school.student",
"size" : 1259434,
"count" : 33143, #shard2的count数
"avgObjSize" : 38,
"storageSize" : 442368,
"capped" : false,
.......
"shard3" : {
"ns" : "school.student",
"size" : 1257876,
"count" : 33102, #shard3的count数
"avgObjSize" : 38,
"storageSize" : 442368,
"capped" : false,
.......
此时架构中的mongos，config server，shard集群均已经搭建部署完毕，在实际生成环境话需要对前端的mongos做高可用来提示整体高可用。
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