杜教BM【转载】

https://blog.****.net/qq_36876305/article/details/80275708

 #include <bits/stdc++.h>

 using namespace std;
 #define rep(i,a,n) for (long long i=a;i<n;i++)
 #define per(i,a,n) for (long long i=n-1;i>=a;i--)
 #define pb push_back
 #define mp make_pair
 #define all(x) (x).begin(),(x).end()
 #define fi first
 #define se second
 #define SZ(x) ((long long)(x).size())
 typedef vector<long long> VI;
 typedef long long ll;
 typedef pair<long long,long long> PII;
 const ll mod=1e9+;
 ll powmod(ll a,ll b) {ll res=;a%=mod; assert(b>=); for(;b;b>>=){if(b&)res=res*a%mod;a=a*a%mod;}return res;}
 // head

 long long _,n;
 namespace linear_seq
 {
     const long long N=;
     ll res[N],base[N],_c[N],_md[N];

     vector<long long> Md;
     void mul(ll *a,ll *b,long long k)
     {
         rep(i,,k+k) _c[i]=;
         rep(i,,k) if (a[i]) rep(j,,k)
             _c[i+j]=(_c[i+j]+a[i]*b[j])%mod;
         for (long long i=k+k-;i>=k;i--) if (_c[i])
             rep(j,,SZ(Md)) _c[i-k+Md[j]]=(_c[i-k+Md[j]]-_c[i]*_md[Md[j]])%mod;
         rep(i,,k) a[i]=_c[i];
     }
     long long solve(ll n,VI a,VI b)
     { // a 系数 b 初值 b[n+1]=a[0]*b[n]+...
 //        printf("%d\n",SZ(b));
         ll ans=,pnt=;
         long long k=SZ(a);
         assert(SZ(a)==SZ(b));
         rep(i,,k) _md[k--i]=-a[i];_md[k]=;
         Md.clear();
         rep(i,,k) if (_md[i]!=) Md.push_back(i);
         rep(i,,k) res[i]=base[i]=;
         res[]=;
         while ((1ll<<pnt)<=n) pnt++;
         for (long long p=pnt;p>=;p--)
         {
             mul(res,res,k);
             if ((n>>p)&)
             {
                 for (long long i=k-;i>=;i--) res[i+]=res[i];res[]=;
                 rep(j,,SZ(Md)) res[Md[j]]=(res[Md[j]]-res[k]*_md[Md[j]])%mod;
             }
         }
         rep(i,,k) ans=(ans+res[i]*b[i])%mod;
         if (ans<) ans+=mod;
         return ans;
     }
     VI BM(VI s)
     {
         VI C(,),B(,);
         long long L=,m=,b=;
         rep(n,,SZ(s))
         {
             ll d=;
             rep(i,,L+) d=(d+(ll)C[i]*s[n-i])%mod;
             if (d==) ++m;
             else if (*L<=n)
             {
                 VI T=C;
                 ll c=mod-d*powmod(b,mod-)%mod;
                 while (SZ(C)<SZ(B)+m) C.pb();
                 rep(i,,SZ(B)) C[i+m]=(C[i+m]+c*B[i])%mod;
                 L=n+-L; B=T; b=d; m=;
             }
             else
             {
                 ll c=mod-d*powmod(b,mod-)%mod;
                 while (SZ(C)<SZ(B)+m) C.pb();
                 rep(i,,SZ(B)) C[i+m]=(C[i+m]+c*B[i])%mod;
                 ++m;
             }
         }
         return C;
     }
     long long gao(VI a,ll n)
     {
         VI c=BM(a);
         c.erase(c.begin());
         rep(i,,SZ(c)) c[i]=(mod-c[i])%mod;
         return solve(n,c,VI(a.begin(),a.begin()+SZ(c)));
     }
 };

 int main()
 {
     while(~scanf("%I64d", &n))
     {   printf("%I64d\n",linear_seq::gao(VI{,,,,,,,,,, },n-));
     }
 }