在Centos7上安装wxPython4.0.4

在linux上安装wxPython4.0.4时需要gtk+2.0，在安装wxPython4.0.4遇到以下错误。

linux上是用pip安装wxPython4.0.4的，执行命令如下：

pip install wxpython

[root@gm gtk+]# pip install wxpython

Collecting wxpython

Downloading http://mirrors.zte.com.cn/pypi/packages/17/74/7c3ced03c3c76b9f98e4a0edae1801755a7599ebf481c04d9f77dfff17e3/wxPython-4.0.4.tar.gz (68.8MB)

% |████████████████████████████████| .8MB .7MB/s

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six in /usr/lib/python2./site-packages (from wxpython)

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): Pillow in /usr/lib64/python2./site-packages (from wxpython)

Installing collected packages: wxpython

Running setup.py install for wxpython ... error

Complete output from command /usr/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-pnjkOu-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile:

running install

running build

WARNING: Building this way assumes that all generated files have been

generated already. If that is not the case then use build.py directly

to generate the source and perform the build stage. You can use

--skip-build with the bdist_* or install commands to avoid this

message and the wxWidgets and Phoenix build steps in the future.

"/usr/bin/python2" -u build.py build

Will build using: "/usr/bin/python2"

2.7. (default, Oct , ::)

[GCC 4.8. (Red Hat 4.8.-)]

Python's architecture is 64bit

cfg.VERSION: 4.0.

Running command: build

Running command: build_wx

wxWidgets build options: ['--wxpython', '--unicode', '--gtk3']

Configure options: ['--enable-unicode', '--with-gtk=3', '--with-opengl', '--enable-sound', '--enable-graphics_ctx', '--enable-mediactrl', '--enable-display', '--enable-geometry', '--enable-debug_flag', '--enable-optimise', '--disable-debugreport', '--enable-uiactionsim', '--enable-autoidman', '--with-sdl']

/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/ext/wxWidgets/configure --enable-unicode --with-gtk= --with-opengl --enable-sound --enable-graphics_ctx --enable-mediactrl --enable-display --enable-geometry --enable-debug_flag --enable-optimise --disable-debugreport --enable-uiactionsim --enable-autoidman --with-sdl

checking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking for --disable-gui... no

checking for --enable-monolithic... no

checking for --enable-plugins... no

checking for --without-subdirs... no

checking for --enable-official_build... no

checking for --disable-all-features... no

checking for --enable-universal... no

checking for --enable-nanox... no

checking for --enable-gpe... no

checking for toolkit... gtk

checking for --with-libpng... yes

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checking for --with-libtiff... yes

checking for --without-libjbig... no

checking for --without-liblzma... no

checking for --with-libxpm... yes

checking for --with-libiconv... yes

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checking for --with-libnotify... yes

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checking for --with-sdl... yes

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checking for --enable-mem_tracing... no

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checking for --enable-std_string... yes

checking for --enable-std_string_conv_in_wxstring... no

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checking for --enable-ole... yes

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checking for --enable-arttango... auto

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checking for --enable-hotkey... auto

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checking for --enable-webviewwebkit... yes

checking for --enable-palette... yes

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checking for --enable-gif... yes

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checking for --enable-wxdib... yes

checking for --enable-webviewie... yes

checking for --enable-autoidman... yes

checking for gcc... gcc

checking whether the C compiler works... yes

checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out

checking for suffix of executables...

checking whether we are cross compiling... no

checking for suffix of object files... o

checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes

checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes

checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed

checking whether we are using the Intel C compiler... no

checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E

checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /usr/bin/grep

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checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yes

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checking how to run the C++ preprocessor... g++ -E

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checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.... yes

configure: WARNING: Defaulting to the builtin regex library for Unicode build.

checking for zlib.h >= 1.1.... yes

checking for zlib.h... (cached) yes

checking for deflate in -lz... yes

checking for png.h > 0.90... yes

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configure: WARNING: system tiff library not found, will use built-in instead

checking for lzma_code in -llzma... no

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checking if expat.h is valid C++ header... yes

checking for XML_ParserCreate in -lexpat... yes

checking for GTK+ version...

checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config

checking for GTK+ - version >= 3.0.... no

*** Could not run GTK+ test program, checking why...

*** The test program failed to compile or link. See the file config.log for the

*** exact error that occured. This usually means GTK+ is incorrectly installed.

configure: error:

The development files for GTK+ were not found. For GTK+ , please

ensure that pkg-config is in the path and that gtk+-2.0.pc is

installed. For GTK+ 1.2 please check that gtk-config is in the path,

and that the version is 1.2. or above. Also check that the

libraries returned by 'pkg-config gtk+-2.0 --libs' or 'gtk-config

--libs' are in the LD_LIBRARY_PATH or equivalent.

Error running configure

ERROR: failed building wxWidgets

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "build.py", line , in cmd_build_wx

wxbuild.main(wxDir(), build_options)

File "/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/buildtools/build_wxwidgets.py", line , in main

"Error running configure")

File "/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/buildtools/build_wxwidgets.py", line , in exitIfError

raise builder.BuildError(msg)

BuildError

Finished command: build_wx (.690s)

Finished command: build (.690s)

Command '"/usr/bin/python2" -u build.py build' failed with exit code .

----------------------------------------

Command "/usr/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-pnjkOu-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code in /tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/

主要错误摘录如下：

     *** Could not run GTK+ test program, checking why...

     *** The test program failed to compile or link. See the file config.log for the

     *** exact error that occured. This usually means GTK+ is incorrectly installed.

     configure: error:

     The development files for GTK+ were not found. For GTK+ , please

     ensure that pkg-config is in the path and that gtk+-2.0.pc is

     installed. For GTK+ 1.2 please check that gtk-config is in the path,

     and that the version is 1.2. or above. Also check that the

     libraries returned by 'pkg-config gtk+-2.0 --libs' or 'gtk-config

     --libs' are in the LD_LIBRARY_PATH or equivalent.

     Error running configure

     ERROR: failed building wxWidgets

     Traceback (most recent call last):

       File "build.py", line , in cmd_build_wx

         wxbuild.main(wxDir(), build_options)

       File "/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/buildtools/build_wxwidgets.py", line , in main

         "Error running configure")

       File "/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/buildtools/build_wxwidgets.py", line , in exitIfError

         raise builder.BuildError(msg)

     BuildError

     Finished command: build_wx (.690s)

     Finished command: build (.690s)

     Command '"/usr/bin/python2" -u build.py build' failed with exit code .

     ----------------------------------------

 Command "/usr/bin/python2 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-pnjkOu-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code  in /tmp/pip-build-t_6afe/wxpython/

所以首要任务是解决gtk+2.0是否安装，且安装正确了。

测试方法可以参见这个链接里（）的测试程序，如果测试程序编译成功，且执行后出现GUI界面，则gtk+2.0就是安装成功的。

本文特地将测试程序和制作方法截取出来。

#vi helloworld.c

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

int main(int argc, char* argv[])

{

   GtkWidget* window;

   GtkWidget* label;

   gtk_init(&argc, &argv);

   window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);

   label = gtk_label_new("Hello World.");

   gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), label);

   gtk_widget_show_all(window);

   gtk_main();

   return ;

}

编译运行

gcc -o helloworld helloworld.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`

./Helloworld

测试后确认，gui是可以出现的。另外，又用pkg-config，查看了gtk+的所有库，查看命令和结果如下：

 [root@gm lib]# pkg-config --list-all |grep gtk

 gtk+-unix-print-2.0       GTK+ - GTK+ Unix print support

 gtk+                      GTK+ - GIMP Tool Kit

 gtk+-x11-2.0              GTK+ - GTK+ Graphical UI Library (x11 target)

 gtk+-2.0                  GTK+ - GTK+ Graphical UI Library (x11 target)

再查看gtk的版本号：

 # 使用外部命令查看安装的gtk库版本

 $pkg-config --modversion gtk+    (查看1..x版本)

 $pkg-config --modversion gtk+-2.0  (查看 .x 版本)

6 2.24.31

 $pkg-config --version (查看pkg-config的版本)

 $pkg-config --list-all |grep gtk (查看是否安装了gtk)

以上操作均证明gtk+2.0确实是安装了的。

问题是pip缺找不到gtk+2.0.

先把gtk2.0放在一边，我又仔细看下了下wxPython的官网，说macOS和window以外类unix不提供二进制形式，但提供源码或wheel包。请参考以下链接：

https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/reference/pip_search/

https://wiki.wxpython.org/How%20to%20install%20wxPython

https://extras.wxpython.org/wxPython4/extras/linux/gtk2/centos-7/wxPython-4.0.4-cp27-cp27mu-linux_x86_64.whl （wheel下载）

https://wiki.wxpython.org/Gtk%20and%20Win32%20differences

下载linux的wheel后，直接执行pip install wxPython-4.0.4-cp27-cp27mu-linux_x86_64.whl 执行成功后，就可以执行python 你的gtk脚本了。

秒客网

在Centos7上安装wxPython4.0.4

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