from requests.models import Response import requests import random import time class WebRequest(object): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): pass @property def user_agent(self): """ return an User-Agent at random :return: """ ua_list = [ 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/30.0.1599.101', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20061208 Firefox/2.0.0 Opera 9.50', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:34.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/34.0', ] return random.choice(ua_list) @property def header(self): """ basic header :return: """ return {'User-Agent': self.user_agent, 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive', 'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'} def get(self, url, header=None, retry_time=5, timeout=30, retry_interval=5, *args, **kwargs): """ get method :param url: target url :param header: headers :param retry_time: retry time when network error :param timeout: network timeout :param retry_flag: if retry_flag in content. do retry :param retry_interval: retry interval(second) :param args: :param kwargs: :return: """ headers = self.header if header and isinstance(header, dict): headers.update(header) while True: try: html = requests.get(url, headers=headers, timeout=timeout, **kwargs) return html except Exception as e: print(e) retry_time -= 1 if retry_time <= 0: # 多次请求失败 resp = Response() resp.status_code = 200 return resp time.sleep(retry_interval)
HTTPConnectionPool(host:XX)Max retries exceeded with url:
爬虫多次访问同一个网站一段时间后会出现错误 HTTPConnectionPool(host:XX)Max retries exceeded with url '<requests.packages.urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at XXXX>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 99] Cannot assign requested address'
是因为在每次数据传输前客户端要和服务器建立TCP连接,为节省传输消耗,默认为keep-alive,即连接一次,传输多次,然而在多次访问后不能结束并回到连接池中,导致不能产生新的连接
headers中的Connection默认为keep-alive,
将header中的Connection一项置为close
是因为在每次数据传输前客户端要和服务器建立TCP连接,为节省传输消耗,默认为keep-alive,即连接一次,传输多次,然而在多次访问后不能结束并回到连接池中,导致不能产生新的连接
headers中的Connection默认为keep-alive,
将header中的Connection一项置为close
headers = {
'Connection': 'close',
}
ok
ok