springaop---->springaop的使用(一)

时间:2023-03-10 02:14:33
springaop---->springaop的使用(一)

  与大多数技术一样, AOP 已经形成了自己的术语。描述切面的常用术语有通知(advice)、切点(pointcut)和连接点(join point)。从今天开始,我们对spring的切面编程做一个总结。她们都是你漫漫长路上,只配错过的好姑娘。

spring中的aop

spring的切面可以应用以下的5种类型的通知:

  • 前置通知(Before):在目标方法被调用之前调用通知功能;
  • 后置通知(After):在目标方法完成之后调用通知,此时不会关心方法的输出是什么;
  • 返回通知(After-returning):在目标方法成功执行之后调用通知;
  • 异常通知(After-throwing):在目标方法抛出异常后调用通知;
  • 环绕通知(Around):通知包裹了被通知的方法,在被通知的方法调用之前和调用之后执行自定义的行为。

对于spring中aop的支持,主要分为@AspectJ 注解驱动的切面和基于xml的spring的配置。以下我们对这两种配置做一个简单的了解。测试的代码目录如下:

springaop---->springaop的使用(一)

以后可能对于spring的关于aop学习,这个目录可能会添加代码。application-xml.xml是学习xml配置的,application-aop.xml是学习@Aspectj注解配置的。

springaop的xml配置方式

一、我们的application-xml.xml文件内容如下:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <bean id="myService" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3"/>
<bean id="myAspect" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.XmlUserfulAspect"/> <aop:config>
<aop:aspect id="xmlAspect1" ref="myAspect">
<aop:pointcut id="businessService" expression="execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3.*())"/> <aop:before method="beforeExecute" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
<aop:after method="afterExecute" pointcut-ref="businessService"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
</beans>

二、我们的切面类XmlUserfulAspect如下:

package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

/**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:31
* @Desc: 切面类
*/
public class XmlUserfulAspect { public void beforeExecute() {
System.out.println("before execute.");
} public void afterExecute() {
System.out.println("after execute.");
}
}

三、我们简单的定义一个应用切面的服务类

package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

/**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:28
*/
public class MyAspectService3 { public void serviceMethod() {
System.out.println("my aspect service1 method.");
}
}

四、在main的类中我们对上述的切面进行测试

package com.linux.huhx.main;

import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService3;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; /**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 下午 12:32
* @Desc: 基于xml配置的aop测试主体类
*/
public class XmlServiceMain {
private ApplicationContext context = null; @Before
public void initApplicationContext() {
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-xml.xml");
} @Test
public void aspectServiceTest_1() {
MyAspectService3 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService", MyAspectService3.class);
myAspectService1.serviceMethod();
}
}

打印的结果如下:

before execute.
my aspect service1 method.
after execute.

springaop中关于注解的方式

  这里面设计的代码比较多,主要是为了测试不同的知识点。这里全部贴出代码,后续再做整理。后续我们对这两种的配置方式做一个比较细致的过程讲解。使用aspectj,我们需要在pom.xml文件中添加依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.11</version>
</dependency>

一、application-aop.xml的文件内容如下

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy/> <bean id="myService1" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1"/>
<bean id="myService2" class="com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2"/> <!--declare an aspect-->
<bean id="myAspect" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.NotVeryUsefulAspect"/>
<bean id="myAspect1" class="com.linux.huhx.aspect.LittleUserfulAspect"/>
</beans>

二、两个测试切面的服务类如下:

  • MyAspectService1:这里面主要测试切面的5种类型的通知。
package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

/**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 10:08
* @Desc: 一个简单的测试aspect的实类
*/
public class MyAspectService1 { public void serviceMethod() {
System.out.println("myaspect service1 method.");
} public String returnServiceMethod() {
return "return huhx.";
} public String throwExceptionMethod() {
System.out.println("throw exception method.");
try {
throw new FileNotFoundException("not found class.");
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "hello world";
} public String aroundServiceMethod1() {
System.out.println("around service method.");
return "huhx";
}
}
  • MyAspectService2.java:这里面测试切面传递参数。
package com.linux.huhx.business.service;

import java.util.Map;

/**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 11:17
*/
public class MyAspectService2 { public void serviceMethod_1(Map<String, String> map) {
System.out.println("service method." + map);
}
}

三、两个切面的类如下

  • NotVeryUsefulAspect:是针对于上述的MyAspectService1类的,为了测试5种通知类型。
package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*; /**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 9:51
* @Desc: 定义一个aspect
*/ @Aspect
public class NotVeryUsefulAspect {
private static final String pointCutString = "execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1.*())"; @Before(pointCutString)
public void beforeExecute() {
System.out.println("before advice.");
} @After(pointCutString)
public void afterExecute() {
System.out.println("after advice.");
} @AfterReturning(value = pointCutString, returning = "retVal")
public void afterReturingExecute1(String retVal) {
System.out.println("after throwing " + retVal);
} @AfterThrowing(value = pointCutString, throwing = "exception")
public void afterThrowingExecute1(Throwable exception) {
System.out.println("throwing in advice show message: " + exception.getMessage());
} @Around(value = pointCutString)
public void arundExecute1(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable{
System.out.println("before around.");
System.out.println(pjp.proceed());
System.out.println("after around.");
}
}
  • LittleUserfulAspect:是对应于MyAspectService2类的,为了测试切面中参数的传递。
package com.linux.huhx.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut; import java.util.Map; /**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 11:16
* @Desc: 定义一个切面
*/
@Aspect
public class LittleUserfulAspect { @Pointcut("execution(* com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2.*(..)) && args(map,..)")
public void anyMethod(Map<String, String> map) {} @Before(value = "anyMethod(map)")
public void beforeExecute(Map map) {
System.out.println("before execute." + map);
}
}

四、我们的测试主体类ServiceMain

package com.linux.huhx.main;

import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService1;
import com.linux.huhx.business.service.MyAspectService2;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; /**
* @Author: huhx
* @Date: 2017-12-15 上午 10:13
* @Desc: 测试的main类
*/
public class ServiceMain {
private ApplicationContext context = null; @Before
public void initApplicationContext() {
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-aop.xml");
} @Test
public void aspectServiceTest_1() {
MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
myAspectService1.serviceMethod();
} @Test
public void aspectServiceTest_2() {
MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
myAspectService1.returnServiceMethod();
} @Test
public void aspectServiceTest_3() {
MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
myAspectService1.throwExceptionMethod();
} @Test
public void aspectServiceTest_4() {
MyAspectService1 myAspectService1 = context.getBean("myService1", MyAspectService1.class);
myAspectService1.aroundServiceMethod1();
} /* 其它的切面实现类 */
@Test
public void aspectServiceTest_5() {
MyAspectService2 myAspectService2 = context.getBean("myService2", MyAspectService2.class);
Map<String, String> dataMap = new HashMap<>();
dataMap.put("username", "linux");
dataMap.put("password", "12345");
myAspectService2.serviceMethod_1(dataMap);
}
}

友情链接