python pdb调试

时间:2023-03-08 16:00:26
python pdb调试

在交互环境中通常使用pdb.run来调试:

import pdb

def pdb_test(arg):
for i in range(arg):
print(i)
return arg pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")

b 函数名、行号

打断点,b可以查询所有的断点。

(Pdb) b pdb_test
Breakpoint 1 at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:3
(Pdb) b
Num Type Disp Enb Where
1 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:3

c:

运行程序,直到遇到断点。

(Pdb) c
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(4)pdb_test()
-> for i in range(arg):

   l:

查看断点周围的代码

(Pdb) l
1 import pdb
2
3 B def pdb_test(arg):
4 -> for i in range(arg):
5 print(i)
6 return arg
7
8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")

  a:

查看参数

(Pdb) a
arg = 3

s, n:

单步运行,区别s会进入路径中的函数,n不会进入

  p:

查看表达式的值

(Pdb) p i
0

  condition:

条件断点,只有条件为true断点才命中

> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test()
-> print(i)
(Pdb) l
1 import pdb
2
3 def pdb_test(arg):
4 for i in range(arg):
5 B-> print(i)
6 return arg
7
8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")
[EOF]
(Pdb) b
Num Type Disp Enb Where
2 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:5
(Pdb) condition 2 i==1 //i==1时才触发断点2
New condition set for breakpoint 2.
(Pdb) b
Num Type Disp Enb Where
2 breakpoint keep yes at c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py:5
stop only if i==1
(Pdb) c
0 //i==0直接打印未断住
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test()
-> print(i) //触发断点,i==1
(Pdb) p i
1

  bt:

查看调用堆栈

(Pdb) bt
c:\python33\lib\bdb.py(405)run()
-> exec(cmd, globals, locals)
<string>(1)<module>()
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(5)pdb_test()
-> print(i)

r:

执行到函数返回

(Pdb) r
1
2
--Return--
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(6)pdb_test()->3 //代码位置、函数返回值->3
-> return arg //代码位置的语句
(Pdb) l
1 import pdb
2
3 def pdb_test(arg):
4 for i in range(arg):
5 print(i)
6 -> return arg
7
8 pdb.run("pdb_test(3)")

通过pdb.set_trace() 在代码中指定位置嵌入一个断点,通常可以通过调试开关来控制

import pdb

__DEBUG__ = True

def pdb_test(arg):
if True == __DEBUG__:
pdb.set_trace()
for i in range(arg):
print(i)
return arg pdb_test(3)

运行后在pdb.set_trace()位置被断住,当__DEBUG__ = False,代码正常运行

> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(8)pdb_test()
-> for i in range(arg):
(Pdb) l
3 __DEBUG__ = True
4
5 def pdb_test(arg):
6 if True == __DEBUG__:
7 pdb.set_trace()
8 -> for i in range(arg):
9 print(i)
10 return arg
11
12 pdb_test(3)
[EOF]

通过pdb.pm()进行事后调试,可以跟踪异常程序最后的堆载信息:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\plpcc\Desktop\pdbTest.py", line 13, in <module>
pdb_test(3)
File "C:\Users\plpcc\Desktop\pdbTest.py", line 10, in pdb_test
1/0
ZeroDivisionError: division by zero
>>> import pdb
>>> pdb.pm()
> c:\users\plpcc\desktop\pdbtest.py(10)pdb_test()
-> 1/0
(Pdb) l
5 def pdb_test(arg):
6 if True == __DEBUG__:
7 pdb.set_trace()
8 for i in range(arg):
9 print(i)
10 -> 1/0
11 return arg
12
13 pdb_test(3)