python操作excel——openpyxl

时间:2023-03-08 17:42:46

一、概述

  python操作excel各个库对比:https://www.cnblogs.com/paul-liang/p/9187503.html

  操作老版本的excel文件使用xlrd:参考:https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000017485618

                 https://www.cnblogs.com/zhang-jun-jie/p/9273721.html   

  官方文档:https://openpyxl.readthedocs.io/en/stable/#usage-examples

二、入门

  1.安装:

pip install openpyxl

  conda:

conda install openpyxl

  2.创建excel文件

from openpyxl import Workbook

# 实例化一个工作簿
wb = Workbook()
# 激活工作簿
ws = wb.active

  3.打开已有文件

 from openpyxl  import load_workbook
wb2 = load_workbook('文件名称.xlsx')

 通过value访问单元格内容

from openpyxl import load_workbook

def main():
file = 'D:\1.xlsx'
wb = load_workbook(file)
ws = wb.active
# 通过value访问内容
A1 = ws['A1'].value
print(A1) if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

 4.单元格赋值

ws['A1'] = 42

  5.单元格访问

c = ws['A4']
d = ws.cell(row=4, column=2, value=10)

 一个实际遍历的案例:

    

from openpyxl import load_workbook

def main():
file = 'D:\工作文件\浙江省教育厅\疫情数据\gdsqzmpqk.xlsx'
wb = load_workbook(file)
ws = wb.active
# 可以通过最大行列进行输出遍历
# 获取最大行
row_max = ws.max_row
# 获取最大列
col_max = ws.max_column
# for row in ws.rows:
# for cell in row:
# print(cell.value, '\t', end='')
# print()
for i in range(2, row_max + 1):
for j in range(1, col_max):
print(ws.cell(row=i, column=j).value, '\t', end='')
print() if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

 6.保存文件

wb.save('文件名称.xlsx')

  

  更多参考:https://blog.****.net/weixin_43094965/article/details/82226263

  读取excel导入mysql的案例:

from openpyxl import load_workbook
import pymysql def write_db(t_sql, t_data):
# 打开数据库连接
db = pymysql.connect('127.0.0.1', 'root', 'root', 'test', charset='utf8')
# 使用 cursor() 方法创建一个游标对象 cursor
cursor = db.cursor()
# 使用 execute() 方法执行 SQL 查询
cursor.executemany(t_sql, t_data)
# 提交
db.commit()
db.close() def read_excel(filename):
wb = load_workbook(filename)
ws = wb.active
cell_list = []
row_list = []
for row in tuple(ws.rows):
# 清空列表
cell_list.clear()
for cell in row:
cell_list.append(str(cell.value))
row_list.append(cell_list)
return row_list if __name__ == '__main__':
file = 'D:\1.xlsx'
sql = 'INSERT INTO mpqk VALUES(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)'
data = read_excel(file)
write_db(sql, data)
print('SUCCESS!')