Spring JDBC StoredProcedure类示例

时间：2023-03-09 03:32:50
Spring JDBC StoredProcedure类示例

org.springframework.jdbc.core.StoredProcedure类是RDBMS存储过程的对象抽象的超类。这个类是抽象的，目的是让子类将提供一个用于调用的类型化方法，该方法委托给所提供的execute(java.lang.Object ...)方法。继承的sql属性是RDBMS中存储过程的名称。

使用到的 Student 表的结构如下 -

CREATE TABLE Student(

   ID   INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

   NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,

   AGE  INT NOT NULL,

   PRIMARY KEY (ID)

);
SQL

类的声明

以下是org.springframework.jdbc.core.StoredProcedure接口的声明 -

public abstract class StoredProcedure

   extends SqlCall
Java

以下示例将演示如何使用spring的StoredProcedure调用存储过程。通过调用存储过程来读取Student表中的一条记录，将传递一个学生编号(ID)并接收学生记录信息。

语法

class StudentProcedure extends StoredProcedure{

   public StudentProcedure(DataSource dataSource, String procedureName){

      super(dataSource,procedureName);

      declareParameter(new SqlParameter("in_id", Types.INTEGER));

      declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter("out_name", Types.VARCHAR));

      declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter("out_age", Types.INTEGER));

      compile();

   }

   public Student execute(Integer id){

      Map<String, Object> out = super.execute(id);

      Student student = new Student();

      student.setId(id);

      student.setName((String) out.get("out_name"));

      student.setAge((Integer) out.get("out_age"));

      return student;

   }

}
Java

在上代码中，

  • StoredProcedure - StoredProcedure对象用于表示存储过程。
  • StudentProcedure - StudentProcedure对象扩展了StoredProcedure，将输入，输出变量和映射结果给Student对象。
  • student - Student对象。

实例项目

要了解上述与Spring JDBC相关的概念，下面我们编写一个使用调用存储过程的示例。打开Eclipse IDE，并按照以下步骤创建一个Spring应用程序，这里创建一个名称为：StoredProcedure 的项目。

步骤说明

  1. 参考第一个Spring JDBC项目来创建一个Maven项目 - http://www.yiibai.com/springjdbc/first_application.html
  2. 更新bean配置并运行应用程序。

完整的项目结构如下所示 -

Spring JDBC StoredProcedure类示例

要了解如何使用StoredProcedure，请参考以下MySQL存储过程，该过程需要学生ID作为参数，并使用OUT参数返回相应的学生姓名和年龄。打开MySQL命令提示符在test数据库中创建这个存储过程 -

DELIMITER $$

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `TEST`.`getRecord` $$

CREATE PROCEDURE `TEST`.`getRecord` (

IN in_id INTEGER,

OUT out_name VARCHAR(20),

OUT out_age  INTEGER)

BEGIN

   SELECT name, age

   INTO out_name, out_age

   FROM Student where id = in_id;

END $$

DELIMITER ;
SQL

以下是Maven配置文件：pom.xml的代码内容：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.yiibai</groupId>

    <artifactId>StoredProcedure</artifactId>

    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>StoredProcedure</name>

    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>junit</groupId>

            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

            <version>3.8.1</version>

            <scope>test</scope>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>mysql</groupId>

            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

            <version>5.1.40</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.0.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>

            <version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>
XML

以下是数据访问对象接口文件：StudentDAO.java的内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.List;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

public interface StudentDAO {

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to initialize database resources ie.

     * connection.

     */

    public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to create a record in the Student table.

     */

    public void create(String name, Integer age);

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to list down all the records from the

     * Student table.

     */

    public List<Student> listStudents();

    /**

     * This is the method to be used to list down a record from the Student

     * table corresponding to a passed student id.

     */

    public Student getStudent(Integer id);

}
Java

以下是文件：Student.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

public class Student {

    private Integer age;

    private String name;

    private Integer id;

    public void setAge(Integer age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public Integer getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public Integer getId() {

        return id;

    }

}
Java

以下是文件：StudentMapper.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {

    public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));

        student.setName(rs.getString("name"));

        student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));

        return student;

    }

}
Java

实现类StudentJDBCTemplate.java实现了定义的DAO接口 - StudentDAO.java，以下是文件：StudentJDBCTemplate.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.sql.Types;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlOutParameter;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlParameter;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.MapSqlParameterSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.SqlParameterSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.SimpleJdbcInsert;

import org.springframework.jdbc.object.SqlQuery;

import org.springframework.jdbc.object.StoredProcedure;

public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {

    private DataSource dataSource;

    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;

    private SimpleJdbcInsert jdbcInsert;

    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {

        this.dataSource = dataSource;

        this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);

        this.jdbcInsert = new SimpleJdbcInsert(dataSource).withTableName("Student");

    }

    public Student getStudent(Integer id) {

        StudentProcedure studentProcedure = new StudentProcedure(dataSource, "getRecord");

        return studentProcedure.execute(id);

    }

    public void create(String name, Integer age) {

        Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        parameters.put("name", name);

        parameters.put("age", age);

        jdbcInsert.execute(parameters);

        System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);

        return;

    }

    public List<Student> listStudents() {

        String sql = "select * from Student";

        SqlQuery<Student> sqlQuery = new SqlQuery<Student>() {

            @Override

            protected RowMapper<Student> newRowMapper(Object[] parameters, Map<?, ?> context) {

                return new StudentMapper();

            }

        };

        sqlQuery.setDataSource(dataSource);

        sqlQuery.setSql(sql);

        List<Student> students = sqlQuery.execute();

        return students;

    }

}

class StudentProcedure extends StoredProcedure {

    public StudentProcedure(DataSource dataSource, String procedureName) {

        super(dataSource, procedureName);

        declareParameter(new SqlParameter("in_id", Types.INTEGER));

        declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter("out_name", Types.VARCHAR));

        declareParameter(new SqlOutParameter("out_age", Types.INTEGER));

        // compile();

    }

    public Student execute(Integer id) {

        Map<String, Object> out = super.execute(id);

        Student student = new Student();

        student.setId(id);

        student.setName((String) out.get("out_name"));

        student.setAge((Integer) out.get("out_age"));

        return student;

    }

}
Java

以下是文件：MainApp.java的代码内容：

package com.yiibai;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate;

public class MainApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("application-beans.xml");

        StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");

        System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Maxsu", 21);

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Curry", 22);

        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Suzend", 23);

        System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 1 -----");

        Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(1);

        System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId());

        System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName());

        System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());

        System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");

        List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();

        for (Student record : students) {

            System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());

            System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName());

            System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());

        }

    }

}
Java

以下是文件：application-beans.xml的代码内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd ">

    <!-- Initialization for data source -->

    <bean id="dataSource"

        class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">

        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />

        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=true" />

        <property name="username" value="root" />

        <property name="password" value="123456" />

    </bean>

    <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->

    <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">

        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

    </bean>

</beans>
XML

注意： application-beans.xml 文件的位置是：{workspace}/fistapp/src/main/java 目录，如果放置错了，程序可能会因为找不到此配置文件而出错。

完成创建源代码和bean和数据库连接信息的文件配置后，运行应用程序。这里先简单说明一下运行的步骤，在项目名称(StoredProcedure)上点击右键，在弹出的菜单中选择：【Run As】-> 【Maven test】

在运行测试成功后，应该会输出类似以下内容(含有 BUILD SUCCESS 的信息) 。
接下来，点击类文件：MainApp.java 选择【Run As】->【Java Application】，如果应用程序一切正常，这将打印以下结果：

------Records Creation--------

Created Record Name = Maxsu Age = 21

Created Record Name = Curry Age = 22

Created Record Name = Suzend Age = 23

----Listing Record with ID = 1 -----

ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21

------Listing Multiple Records--------

ID : 1, Name : Maxsu, Age : 21

ID : 2, Name : Curry, Age : 22

ID : 3, Name : Suzend, Age : 23

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