python剑指网络篇一

时间：2023-03-09 19:46:41
python剑指网络篇一 
#coding:utf-8

__author__ = 'similarface'

#!/usr/bin/env python

import socket

#二进制和ASCII互转及其它进制转换

from binascii import hexlify

def get_remote_machine_info(remote_host):

    '''

    获取根据域名获取IP地址

    :param remote_host: 域名

    :return:IP地址

    '''

    try:

        #SimilarFacedeMacBook-Pro:~ similarface$ ping www.python.org

        #PING python.map.fastly.net (103.245.222.223): 56 data bytes

        print("%s的IP地址:%s" %(remote_host,socket.gethostbyname(remote_host)))

    except socket.error,err_msg:

        print("%s: %s" %(remote_host,err_msg))

def convert_ip4_address():

    '''

    转化IP地址

    '''

    for ip_addr in ['127.0.0.1','192.168.0.1']:

        #IP地址转换为一个32位的网络序列IP地址。

        packed_ip_addr=socket.inet_aton(ip_addr)

        #将一个十进制网络字节序转换为点分十进制IP格式的字符串。

        unpacked_ip_addr=socket.inet_ntoa(packed_ip_addr)

        print "IP地址: %s => 打包: %s, 非打包: %s" %(ip_addr, hexlify(packed_ip_addr), unpacked_ip_addr)

def find_service_name():

    '''

    根据端口获取服务的名称

    :return:

    '''

    protocolname='tcp'

    for port in range(53,22,80):

        try:

            print "Port: %s => service name: %s" %(port, socket.getservbyport(port, protocolname))

        except Exception,e:

            print(e)

    print "Port: %s => service name: %s" %(53, socket.getservbyport(53, 'udp'))

def convert_integer():

    '''

    #ntohl()是将一个无符号长整形数从网络字节顺序转换为主机字节顺序。

    #将主机数转换成无符号长整型的网络字节顺序。本函数将一个32位数从主机字节顺序转换成网络字节顺序。

    :return:

    '''

    data=1234

    print "原数据: %s => 长主机字节顺序: %s, 长网络字节顺序: %s"%(data, socket.ntohl(data), socket.htonl(data))

    print "原数据: %s => 短主机字节顺序: %s, 短网络字节顺序: %s"%(data, socket.ntohs(data), socket.htons(data))

def test_socket_timeout():

    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    print "默认的超时时间: %s" %s.gettimeout()

    s.settimeout(100)

    print "当前的超时时间: %s" %s.gettimeout()

import sys,socket,argparse

def main():

    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Socket 异常处理")

    parser.add_argument('--host',action='store',dest='host',required=False)

    parser.add_argument('--port',action="store",desc='port',type=int,required=False)

    parser.add_argument('--file',action-"store",desc='file',required=False)

    given_args=parser.parse_args()

    host=given_args.host

    port=given_args.port

    filename=given_args.file

    try:

        s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    except socket.error,e:

        print("Error creating socket: %s" % e )

        sys.exit(1)

    try:

        s.connect((host,port))

    except socket.gaierror,e:

        print "Address-related error connecting to server: %s" % e

        sys.exit(1)

    except socket.error,e:

        print "Connection error: %s" % e

        sys.exit(1)

    try:

        s.sendall("GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n" % filename)

    except socket.error, e:

        print "Error sending data: %s" % e

        sys.exit(1)

    while 1:

        try:

            buf = s.recv(2048)

        except socket.error, e:

            print "Error receiving data: %s" % e

            sys.exit(1)

        if not len(buf):

            break

           # write the received data

        sys.stdout.write(buf)

if __name__ == "__main__":

    remote_host='www.python.org'

    get_remote_machine_info(remote_host)

    convert_ip4_address()

    print('------find_service_name------')

    find_service_name()

    print('------convert_integer------')

    convert_integer()

    print('------main------')

    main()

'''

时间服务器客户端

'''

import socket,struct,sys,time

#时间服务器地址

NTP_SERVER='0.asia.pool.ntp.org'

#参考1970的时间

TIME1970=2208988800L

def sntp_client():

    #建立socket对象

    client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)

    #SNTP protocol data

    data = '\x1b' + 47 * '\0'

    #向时间服务器发送数据

    client.sendto(data,(NTP_SERVER,123))

    #获取数据和地址

    data,address=client.recvfrom(1024)

    if data:

        print(address)

    #

    t = struct.unpack( '!12I', data )[10]

    #

    print(t)

    t -= TIME1970

    print '\tTime=%s' % time.ctime(t)

if __name__=='__main__':

    sntp_client()

import socket,sys,argparse

'''

简单的socket客服端

'''

host='localhost'

def echo_client(port):

    #建立套结字

    sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    #服务地址

    server_address=(host,port)

    #连接服务器

    sock.connect(server_address)

    try:

        # Send data

        message = "Test message. This will be echoed"

        print "Sending %s" % message

        sock.sendall(message)

        # Look for the response

        amount_received = 0

        amount_expected = len(message)

        while amount_received < amount_expected:

            data = sock.recv(16)

            amount_received += len(data)

            print "Received: %s" % data

    except socket.errno, e:

        print "Socket error: %s" %str(e)

    except Exception, e:

        print "Other exception: %s" %str(e)

    finally:

        print "Closing connection to the server"

        sock.close()

'''

简单的接受数据的服务器端

'''

import socket,sys,argparse

host='localhost'

data_payload=2048

backlog=5

def echo_server(port):

    """ 简单的打印屏幕服务 """

    #TCP协议的套结字

    sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)

    #是否端口重复使用

    sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET,socket.SO_REUSEADDR,1)

    #################

    server_address=(host,port)

    #绑定IP和端口

    sock.bind(server_address)

    #监听

    sock.listen(backlog)

    while True:

        #建立连接

        client,address=sock.accept()

        #获取消息

        data=client.recv(data_payload)

        if data:

            #发送数据

            client.send(data)

        #结束连接

        client.close()

　　

　　

　　

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