环境：CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core)
1. 安装MYSQL
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-.noarch.rpm
yum install mysql-community-server
serivce mysqld start
此时查看数据目录，是/var/lib/mysql
2. 修改配置
2.1 修改安全限制
vim /etc/selinux/config
将内容修改如下：
# SELINUX=enforcing
SELINUX=permissive
2.2 修改数据库配置
首先停用MySQL。
1. 复制数据目录
cp -R /var/lib/mysql /data/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
2. 修改配置
备份/etc/my.cnf
cp /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf-bk
修改/etc/my.cnf为
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid [mysqld]
log_error = /var/log/mysql-error.log
user = mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock [mysql]
socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
user = mysql
3. 验证
重启mysql服务，mysql客户端登录，查看datadir
mysql> show variables like '%dir%';
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------+
| basedir | /usr |
| binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
| datadir | /data/mysql/ |
| ignore_db_dirs | |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ |
| innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | |
| innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct_lwm | |
| innodb_undo_directory | . |
| lc_messages_dir | /usr/share/mysql/ |
| plugin_dir | /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/ |
| slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp |
| tmpdir | /tmp |
+-----------------------------------------+----------------------------+
rows in set (0.03 sec)
配置成功！！！