微信小程序:java后台获取openId

时间:2023-03-09 08:50:50
微信小程序:java后台获取openId

一、功能描述

openId是某个微信账户对应某个小程序或者公众号的唯一标识,但openId必须经过后台解密才能获取(之前实现过前台解密,可是由于微信小程序的种种限制,前台解密无法在小程序发布后使用)

二、实现流程

1. 获取微信用户的登录信息;

2. 将encryptedData中的数据作为参数传给java后台

微信小程序:java后台获取openId

3. java后台进行解密

微信小程序:java后台获取openId

三、代码实现

1. 后台的解密代码

 /**
* decoding encrypted data to get openid
*
* @param iv
* @param encryptedData
* @param code
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/decodeUserInfo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
private Map decodeUserInfo(String iv, String encryptedData, String code) {
Map map = new HashMap();
// login code can not be null
if (code == null || code.length() == 0) {
map.put("status", 0);
map.put("msg", "code 不能为空");
return map;
}
// mini-Program's AppID
String wechatAppId = "你的小程序的AppID"; // mini-Program's session-key
String wechatSecretKey = "你的小程序的session-key"; String grantType = "authorization_code"; // using login code to get sessionId and openId
String params = "appid=" + wechatAppId + "&secret=" + wechatSecretKey + "&js_code=" + code + "&grant_type=" + grantType; // sending request
String sr = HttpRequest.sendGet("https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session", params); // analysis request content
JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(sr); // getting session_key
String sessionKey = json.get("session_key").toString(); // getting open_id
String openId = json.get("openid").toString(); // decoding encrypted info with AES
try {
String result = AesCbcUtil.decrypt(encryptedData, sessionKey, iv, "UTF-8");
if (null != result && result.length() > 0) {
map.put("status", 1);
map.put("msg", "解密成功"); JSONObject userInfoJSON = JSONObject.fromObject(result);
Map userInfo = new HashMap();
userInfo.put("openId", userInfoJSON.get("openId"));
userInfo.put("nickName", userInfoJSON.get("nickName"));
userInfo.put("gender", userInfoJSON.get("gender"));
userInfo.put("city", userInfoJSON.get("city"));
userInfo.put("province", userInfoJSON.get("province"));
userInfo.put("country", userInfoJSON.get("country"));
userInfo.put("avatarUrl", userInfoJSON.get("avatarUrl"));
userInfo.put("unionId", userInfoJSON.get("unionId"));
map.put("userInfo", userInfo);
return map;
} } catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
map.put("status", 0);
map.put("msg", "解密失败");
return map;
}

2. 前台代码

 wx.login({
success: function (res) {
that.globalData.code = res.code;//登录凭证
if (that.globalData.code) {
//2、调用获取用户信息接口
// 查看是否授权
wx.getUserInfo({
success: function (res) {
that.globalData.encryptedData = res.encryptedData
that.globalData.iv = res.iv
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ ',{ encryptedData: res.encryptedData, iv: res.iv, code: that.globalData.code })
//3.请求自己的服务器,解密用户信息 获取unionId等加密信息
wx.request({
url: 'https://www.****.cn/***/****/decodeUserInfo',//自己的服务接口地址
method: 'get',
header: {
"Content-Type": "applciation/json"
},
data: { encryptedData: res.encryptedData, iv: res.iv, code: that.globalData.code },
success: function (data) { //4.解密成功后 获取自己服务器返回的结果
if (data.data.status == 1) {
var userInfos = data.data.userInfo;
that.globalData.openId = userInfos.openId;
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ userInfo:',userInfos)
} else {
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ 解密失败')
}
},
fail: function () {
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ 系统错误')
}
})
},
fail: function () {
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ 获取用户信息失败')
}
})
} else {
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ 获取用户登录态失败!' + r.errMsg)
}
},
fail: function () {
console.log('[INFO] app.js/ 登陆失败')
}
}) // 获取用户信息
wx.getSetting({
success: res => {
if (res.authSetting['scope.userInfo']) {
// 已经授权,可以直接调用 getUserInfo 获取头像昵称,不会弹框
wx.getUserInfo({
success: res => {
// 可以将 res 发送给后台解码出 unionId
this.globalData.userInfo = res.userInfo; // 由于 getUserInfo 是网络请求,可能会在 Page.onLoad 之后才返回
// 所以此处加入 callback 以防止这种情况
if (this.userInfoReadyCallback) {
this.userInfoReadyCallback(res)
}
}
})
}
}
})
},

2. HttpRequest工具类

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map; public class HttpRequest { public static void main(String[] args) {
//发送 GET 请求
String s=HttpRequest.sendGet("http://v.qq.com/x/cover/kvehb7okfxqstmc.html?vid=e01957zem6o", "");
System.out.println(s); // //发送 POST 请求
// String sr=HttpRequest.sendPost("http://www.toutiao.com/stream/widget/local_weather/data/?city=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7", "");
// JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(sr);
// System.out.println(json.get("data"));
} /**
* 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
*
* @param url
* 发送请求的URL
* @param param
* 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
* @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
String result = "";
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 建立实际的连接
connection.connect();
// 获取所有响应头字段
Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
// 遍历所有的响应头字段
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
}
// 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常!" + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 使用finally块来关闭输入流
finally {
try {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
e2.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
} /**
* 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
*
* @param url
* 发送请求的 URL
* @param param
* 请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
* @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
*/
public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
String result = "";
try {
URL realUrl = new URL(url);
// 打开和URL之间的连接
URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
// 设置通用的请求属性
conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
// 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
// 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
// 发送请求参数
out.print(param);
// flush输出流的缓冲
out.flush();
// 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常!"+e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
}

3. AesCbuUtil工具类

 import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider; import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.InvalidParameterSpecException; public class AesCbcUtil { static {
//BouncyCastle是一个开源的加解密解决方案,主页在http://www.bouncycastle.org/
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
} /**
* AES解密
*
* @param data //密文,被加密的数据
* @param key //秘钥
* @param iv //偏移量
* @param encodingFormat //解密后的结果需要进行的编码
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static String decrypt(String data, String key, String iv, String encodingFormat) throws Exception {
// initialize(); //被加密的数据
byte[] dataByte = Base64.decodeBase64(data.getBytes());
//加密秘钥
byte[] keyByte = Base64.decodeBase64(key.getBytes());
//偏移量
byte[] ivByte = Base64.decodeBase64(iv.getBytes()); try {
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding"); SecretKeySpec spec = new SecretKeySpec(keyByte, "AES"); AlgorithmParameters parameters = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance("AES");
parameters.init(new IvParameterSpec(ivByte)); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, spec, parameters);// 初始化 byte[] resultByte = cipher.doFinal(dataByte);
if (null != resultByte && resultByte.length > 0) {
String result = new String(resultByte, encodingFormat);
return result;
}
return null;
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidParameterSpecException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (BadPaddingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} return null;
} }