为什么要使用Maven
摘自百度百科的介绍
Maven是基于项目对象模型(POM)，可以通过一小段描述信息来管理项目的构建，报告和文档的软件项目管理工具。
Maven 除了以程序构建能力为特色之外，还提供高级项目管理工具。由于 Maven 的缺省构建规则有较高的可重用性，所以常常用两三行 Maven 构建脚本就可以构建简单的项目。由于 Maven 的面向项目的方法，许多 Apache Jakarta 项目发文时使用 Maven，而且公司项目采用 Maven 的比例在持续增长。
我为什么要使用Maven
作为一个Java/Scala的新人，我第一次使用Maven的时候，并不太了解Maven的什么，我所想的只是在我的Scala项目中引入一个画图表的库，后来我的Github找到了一个我想要的库。在我想引用这个库，潜意识里我就开始寻找这个库的Jar包，最后用Maven顺利解决我的项目的依赖问题。
Scala IDE Maven配置（使用开源中国的Maven库）
为什么要重新配置Maven
因为Maven默认用的是外国的库，国外的服务器在大陆访问要么是连接不上要么是连接上了乌龟那么慢，为了不折腾我脆弱的心灵还是用国内的Maven库吧。
Scala IDE Maven配置
打开Maven配置：Window->Perferences->Maven->User Settings
默认的Settings路径是：C:\Users\Administrator\.m2\Settings 当然你也可以把路径更改到你想要放的地方
我的Maven配置，参考开源中国 Maven 库使用帮助 传送门
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor
license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional
information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to
you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use
this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required
by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the
License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS
OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <!-- | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two
levels: | | 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration
for a single user, | and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.
| | NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -s /path/to/user/settings.xml
| | 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all
Maven | users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven | installation).
It's normally provided in | ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml. | | NOTE: This
location can be overridden with the CLI option: | | -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml
| | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start
at | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate,
the default | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are
provided. | | --> <settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<!-- localRepository | The path to the local repository maven will use to
store artifacts. | | Default: ~/.m2/repository --> <localRepository>E:\maven\repo</localRepository> <!-- interactiveMode | This will determine whether maven prompts you when
it needs input. If set to false, | maven will use a sensible default value,
perhaps based on some other setting, for | the parameter in question. | |
Default: true <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode> --> <!-- offline | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the
network when executing a build. | This will have an effect on artifact downloads,
artifact deployment, and others. |localRepository | Default: false <offline>false</offline> --> <!-- pluginGroups | This is a list of additional group identifiers that
will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e. | when invoking
a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group
identifiers | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these
are not already contained in the list. | --> <pluginGroups>
<!-- pluginGroup | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin
lookup. <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup> -->
</pluginGroups> <!-- proxies | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine
to connect to the network. | Unless otherwise specified (by system property
or command-line switch), the first proxy | specification in this list marked
as active will be used. | --> <proxies>
<!-- proxy | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the
network. | <proxy> <id>optional</id> <active>true</active> <protocol>http</protocol>
<username>proxyuser</username> <password>proxypass</password> <host>proxy.host.net</host>
<port>80</port> <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts> </proxy> -->
</proxies> <!-- servers | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id
used within the system. | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven
must make a connection to a remote server. | --> <servers>
<!-- server | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting
to a particular server, identified by | a unique name within the system (referred
to by the 'id' attribute below). | | NOTE: You should either specify username/password
OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are | used together. | <server>
<id>deploymentRepo</id> <username>repouser</username> <password>repopwd</password>
</server> --> <!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate. <server> <id>siteServer</id>
<privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey> <passphrase>optional; leave
empty if not used.</passphrase> </server> -->
</servers> <!-- mirrors | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts
from remote repositories. | | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository
to use in resolving certain artifacts. | However, this repository may have
problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored | it to several
places. | | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create
a mirror reference for that | repository, to be used as an alternate download
site. The mirror site will be the preferred | server for that repository.
| --> <mirrors>
<!-- mirror | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given
repository. The repository that | this mirror serves has an ID that matches
the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used | for inheritance and direct
lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors. | -->
<mirror>
<id>nexus-osc</id>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus osc</name>
<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors> <!-- profiles | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety
of ways, and which can modify | the build process. Profiles provided in the
settings.xml are intended to provide local machine- | specific paths and
repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.
| | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus
- that needs to know where | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide
a variable here such that the variable is | dereferenced during the build
process to configure the cactus plugin. | | As noted above, profiles can
be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles | section
of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially
| relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular
value for the property, | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also
be activated by JDK version prefix, where a | value of '1.4' might activate
a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'. | Finally,
the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.
| | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to
specifying only artifact | repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form
properties to be used as configuration | variables for plugins in the POM.
| | --> <profiles>
<profile>
<id>jdk1.8.0_65</id>
<activation>
<jdk>1.8.0_65</jdk>
</activation>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>local private nexus</name>
<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>local private nexus</name>
<url>http://maven.oschina.net/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>false</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<!-- activeProfiles | List of profiles that are active for all builds. |
<activeProfiles> <activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile> <activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles> -->
</settings>
Maven的使用（我的使用方式~哈）
查找你想要的引用的库
- 可以在Github或Google自己要用到的库
- 然后在官方库或开源的Maven库查找你所要的库 官方：传送门 开源中国：传送门（建议使用官方库搜索）
- 把搜索结果里的Maven依赖XML内容添加到你的pom文件的依赖标签里
搜索的时候的注意事项
- 要对比好你要引用库的所属组和构件，因为搜索结果可能什么很多
- 还要要把你引用的库的依赖的库也一起添加到你的pom文件的依赖（我一直觉得这一步是可以自动做到的，只是我还没有学会而已）
官方搜索结果
从搜索可以看到官方的库支持很多的构建工具：Maven/Ivy/SBT
在官方的搜索结果中还会列出所搜索库的依赖库，只要点击相应的链接就可以跳转到依赖库，使用起来很方便，不用多次查找。
开源中国搜索结果
pom文件依赖配置
开源中国 Maven 库使用帮助 传送门