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前言
在Android4.4之前和之后，通过Intent调用文件管理器选择文件，获取的文件uri地址形式是不同的。
Android6.0 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A593410
Android4.2.2 file:///storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_2017-04-17-14-39-13.png
所以，当我们需要用到文件的绝对路径地址（/storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_20170706-113240.png）的时候，则需要一个通用的方法。
效果图
| Android 6.0 | Android4.2.2 |
 |
|
代码分析
一般使用getPath( context,uri)方法即可。
使用步骤
一、项目组织结构图
注意事项：
1、导入类文件后需要change包名以及重新import R文件路径
2、Values目录下的文件（strings.xml、dimens.xml、colors.xml等），如果项目中存在，则复制里面的内容，不要整个覆盖
二、导入步骤
将GetPathFromUri4kitkat.java文件复制到项目中
package com.why.project.getpathfromuri4kitkatdemo.utils; import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.Context;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.DocumentsContract;
import android.provider.MediaStore; import java.io.File; /**
* @CreateBy HaiyuKing
* @Used Android 4.4 kitkat以上及以下根据uri获取路径的方法
* @参考资料 http://www.2cto.com/kf/201502/376975.html
*/
public class GetPathFromUri4kitkat {
/**
* 专为Android4.4设计的从Uri获取文件绝对路径，以前的方法已不好使
* @param uri - Android6.0 content://com.android.providers.media.documents/document/image%3A593410
* Android4.2.2 file:///storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_2017-04-17-14-39-13.png
* @return Android6.0 /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_20170706-113240.png
* Android4.2.2 /storage/emulated/0/Pictures/Screenshots/Screenshot_2017-04-17-14-39-13.png
*/
@SuppressLint("NewApi")
public static String getPath(final Context context, final Uri uri) { final boolean isKitKat = Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT; // DocumentProvider
if (isKitKat && DocumentsContract.isDocumentUri(context, uri)) {
// ExternalStorageProvider
if (isExternalStorageDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0]; if ("primary".equalsIgnoreCase(type)) {
return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + split[1];
} // TODO handle non-primary volumes
}
// DownloadsProvider
else if (isDownloadsDocument(uri)) { final String id = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final Uri contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(
Uri.parse("content://downloads/public_downloads"), Long.valueOf(id)); return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, null, null);
}
// MediaProvider
else if (isMediaDocument(uri)) {
final String docId = DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri);
final String[] split = docId.split(":");
final String type = split[0]; Uri contentUri = null;
if ("image".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("video".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} else if ("audio".equals(type)) {
contentUri = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
} final String selection = "_id=?";
final String[] selectionArgs = new String[] { split[1] }; return getDataColumn(context, contentUri, selection, selectionArgs);
}
}
// MediaStore (and general)
else if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return getDataColumn(context, uri, null, null);
}
// File
else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
return uri.getPath();
} return null;
} /**
* Get the value of the data column for this Uri. This is useful for
* MediaStore Uris, and other file-based ContentProviders.
*
* @param context
* The context.
* @param uri
* The Uri to query.
* @param selection
* (Optional) Filter used in the query. 构造筛选语句
* @param selectionArgs
* (Optional) Selection arguments used in the query.
* @return The value of the _data column, which is typically a file path.
*/
public static String getDataColumn(Context context, Uri uri, String selection,
String[] selectionArgs) { Cursor cursor = null; //筛选列
final String column = MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA;//"_data"
final String[] projection = { column }; try {
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, projection, selection, selectionArgs,
null);
if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
final int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column);
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
}catch (IllegalArgumentException e){
//java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: column '_data' does not exist
//华为的特殊处理：content://com.huawei.hidisk.fileprovider/root/storage/emulated/0/tencent/TIMfile_recv/xxx.doc
String rootPre = File.separator + "root";// /root
return uri.getPath().startsWith(rootPre) ? uri.getPath().replace(rootPre,"") : uri.getPath();
} finally {
if (cursor != null)
cursor.close();
}
return null;
} /**
* @param uri
* The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is ExternalStorageProvider.
*/
public static boolean isExternalStorageDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.externalstorage.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
} /**
* @param uri
* The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is DownloadsProvider.
*/
public static boolean isDownloadsDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.downloads.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
} /**
* @param uri
* The Uri to check.
* @return Whether the Uri authority is MediaProvider.
*/
public static boolean isMediaDocument(Uri uri) {
return "com.android.providers.media.documents".equals(uri.getAuthority());
}
}
GetPathFromUri4kitkat.java
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加权限
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.why.project.getpathfromuri4kitkatdemo"> <!-- ======================（GetPathFromUri4kitkat）========================== -->
<!-- 向SD卡读取数据权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/> <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application> </manifest>
添加运行时权限的处理（本demo中采用的是修改targetSDKVersion=22）
三、使用方法
package com.why.project.getpathfromuri4kitkatdemo; import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView; import com.why.project.getpathfromuri4kitkatdemo.utils.GetPathFromUri4kitkat; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private Button btn_openFile;
private TextView tv_filePath; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initViews();
initEvents(); } private void initViews() {
btn_openFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_openFile);
tv_filePath = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_filePath);
} private void initEvents() { btn_openFile.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent innerIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
String IMAGE_UNSPECIFIED = "*/*";
innerIntent.setType(IMAGE_UNSPECIFIED); // 查看类型
Intent wrapperIntent = Intent.createChooser(innerIntent, "File Browser");
MainActivity.this.startActivityForResult(wrapperIntent, 1111);
}
});
} /*=========================================实现打开文件管理器功能==============================================*/
@Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
Log.w(TAG, "{onActivityResult}resultCode=" + resultCode);
Log.w(TAG, "{onActivityResult}requestCode=" + requestCode);
if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
//调用文件管理器选择文件的回调
if (requestCode == 1111) {
Uri result = data == null ? null : data.getData();
Log.w(TAG, "{onActivityResult}result=" + result); tv_filePath.setText("Uri："+result.toString());
String pathStr = GetPathFromUri4kitkat.getPath(MainActivity.this,result);
Log.w(TAG, "{onActivityResult}pathStr=" + pathStr);
tv_filePath.setText(tv_filePath.getText() + "\n\n" + "Path："+pathStr);
}
}
}
}
混淆配置
无
参考资料
Android 4.4 kitkat以上及以下根据uri获取路径的方法