service层测试较简单，目前大多数测试主要是针对public方法进行的。依据测试方法划分，可以分为两种：基于mock的隔离测试和基于dbunit的普通测试。

mock隔离测试

配置pom.xml

<dependency>

    <groupId>junit</groupId>

    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

    <version>4.12</version>

</dependency>

<dependency>

    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>

    <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>

    <version>1.10.19</version>

</dependency>

测试原理

隔离测试主要通过@Mock和@InjectMocks两个注解来实现模拟与被模拟。

@Mock：模拟出一个Mock对象，对象是空的，需要指明对象调用什么方法，传入什么参数时，返回什么值

@InjectMocks：依赖@Mock对象的类，也即是被测试的类。@Mock出的对象会被注入到@InjectMocks对象中

测试示例

被测类及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;

import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;

import com.agoura.agoura.service.MembersService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service

public class MembersServiceImpl implements MembersService {

    @Autowired

    private MembersMapper membersMapper;

    @Override

    public Members getMemberById(int id) {

        return membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(id);

    }

}

测试类及方法

import com.agoura.agoura.entity.Members;

import com.agoura.agoura.mapper.MembersMapper;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.mockito.InjectMocks;

import org.mockito.Mock;

import org.mockito.Mockito;

import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath*:spring-mybatis.xml"})

public class MembersServiceTest {

    @Mock

    private MembersMapper membersMapper;

    @InjectMocks

    private MembersServiceImpl membersService;

    @Before

    public void setUp() throws Exception {

        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

    }

    @Test

    public void testGetMembersById() {

        Members m = new Members(3, "wangwu", 1, 5, "12131232342");

        when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(3)).thenReturn(m);

        Members result = membersService.getMemberById(3);

        System.out.println(result);

        assertEquals(m, result);

        when(membersMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(Mockito.anyInt())).thenReturn(m);

        result = membersService.getMemberById(3);

        System.out.println(result);

        assertEquals(m, result);

    }

}

测试结果

spring service层单元测试

基于dbunit普通测试

unitils-dbunit测试直接模拟底层数据库中存储的内容，对service层进行测试的时候会直接连同DAO层一起测试。具体测试方法可以参考基于dbunit进行mybatis DAO层Excel单元测试

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