Gym - 101667H：https://vjudge.net/problem/Gym-101667H
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37517391/article/details/80154299
题意：
已知两个人出剪刀石头布的顺序，第二个人可以选择从第一个人的任意手开始正式比赛，问第二个人赢得个数最多是多少。
思路：
首先肯定要把第二个人所代表的字符串T转化为对应能赢的字符串rT。这时候暴力的话就是把rT拿去和第一个人的字符串匹配。
这里就可以用FFT优化了，FFT的作用就是求两个函数的卷积，令T’为rT的对称，我们试着做一下两个多项式相乘，可以发现新的卷积序列中的第k个位置的值等于S[k−lenT+1, k]与T‘序列对应位置乘积之和，所以构造两个函数，每个函数中，若这个位子有对应的字符，就为1，否则为0，利用FFT，就可以求出区间中某个字符匹配的个数。由于我们有三个字符，所以要做三次。
#include <algorithm>
#include <iterator>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iomanip>
#include <complex>
#include <bitset>
#include <cctype>
#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <cmath>
#include <queue>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <cassert> using namespace std;
//#pragma GCC optimize(3)
//#pragma comment(linker, "/STACK:102400000,102400000") //c++
// #pragma GCC diagnostic error "-std=c++11"
// #pragma comment(linker, "/stack:200000000")
// #pragma GCC target("sse,sse2,sse3,ssse3,sse4,popcnt,abm,mmx,avx,tune=native")
// #pragma GCC optimize("-fdelete-null-pointer-checks,inline-functions-called-once,-funsafe-loop-optimizations,-fexpensive-optimizations,-foptimize-sibling-calls,-ftree-switch-conversion,-finline-small-functions,inline-small-functions,-frerun-cse-after-loop,-fhoist-adjacent-loads,-findirect-inlining,-freorder-functions,no-stack-protector,-fpartial-inlining,-fsched-interblock,-fcse-follow-jumps,-fcse-skip-blocks,-falign-functions,-fstrict-overflow,-fstrict-aliasing,-fschedule-insns2,-ftree-tail-merge,inline-functions,-fschedule-insns,-freorder-blocks,-fwhole-program,-funroll-loops,-fthread-jumps,-fcrossjumping,-fcaller-saves,-fdevirtualize,-falign-labels,-falign-loops,-falign-jumps,unroll-loops,-fsched-spec,-ffast-math,Ofast,inline,-fgcse,-fgcse-lm,-fipa-sra,-ftree-pre,-ftree-vrp,-fpeephole2",3) #define lson (l , mid , rt << 1)
#define rson (mid + 1 , r , rt << 1 | 1)
#define debug(x) cerr << #x << " = " << x << "\n";
#define pb push_back
#define pq priority_queue typedef long long ll;
typedef unsigned long long ull; typedef pair<ll ,ll > pll;
typedef pair<int ,int > pii;
typedef pair<int,pii> p3;
typedef complex<double> cp;
//priority_queue<int> q;//这是一个大根堆q
//priority_queue<int,vector<int>,greater<int> >q;//这是一个小根堆q
#define fi first
#define se second
//#define endl '\n' #define OKC ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0)
#define FT(A,B,C) for(int A=B;A <= C;++A) //用来压行
#define REP(i , j , k) for(int i = j ; i < k ; ++i)
#define max3(a,b,c) max(max(a,b), c);
//priority_queue<int ,vector<int>, greater<int> >que; const ll mos = 0x7FFFFFFF; //
const ll nmos = 0x80000000; //-2147483648
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const ll inff = 0x3f3f3f3f3f3f3f3f; //18
// const int mod = 10007;
const double esp = 1e-;
const double PI=acos(-1.0);
const double PHI=0.61803399; //黄金分割点
const double tPHI=0.38196601; template<typename T>
inline T read(T&x){
x=;int f=;char ch=getchar();
while (ch<''||ch>'') f|=(ch=='-'),ch=getchar();
while (ch>=''&&ch<='') x=x*+ch-'',ch=getchar();
return x=f?-x:x;
} /*-----------------------showtime----------------------*/
const int maxn = 1e5+; //注意不能和len1+len2的和刚刚好，因为n是最近的2的阶乘
// cp a[maxn<<2], b[maxn<<2], omg[maxn<<2], inv[maxn<<2];
int n = ; cp wn,wntmp;
void rader(cp arr[],int n){
int num = n-;
for(int i = ;i < n;++i){
int tn = n>>;
while(num && num >= tn) num ^= tn,tn >>= ;
num |= tn;
if(num > i) swap(arr[i],arr[num]);
}
}
void FFT(cp cs[],int n,int f){
rader(cs,n);
for(int s = ;s < n;s <<= ){
wn = cp(cos(f**PI/(s*)),sin(f**PI/(s*)));
for(int offset = ;offset < n;offset += s<<){
wntmp = cp(1.0,0.0);
for(int i = ;i < s;++i){
cp u = cs[offset+i],v = cs[offset+i+s]*wntmp;
cs[offset+i] = u + v;
cs[offset+i+s] = u - v;
wntmp = wntmp * wn;
}
}
}
if(f == -)
for(int i = ;i < n;++i)
cs[i].real(cs[i].real()/n);
} int len1,len2,ans[maxn<<];
char s1[maxn],s2[maxn];
cp a[maxn<<], b[maxn<<];
void solve(char c){
memset(a,,sizeof(a));
memset(b,,sizeof(b));
for(int i=; i<len1; i++) if(s1[i] == c) a[i] = cp(1.0);
for(int i=; i<len2; i++) if(s2[i] == c) b[i] = cp(1.0);
n=;
while(n < len1) n<<=;
n<<=;
FFT(a,n,);FFT(b,n,);
for(int i=; i<n; i++)a[i] = a[i] * b[i];
FFT(a,n,-);
for(int i=len2-; i<n; i++){
ans[i] += int(a[i].real() + 0.5);
}
}
int main(){ scanf("%d%d%s%s", &len1, &len2, s1,s2);
int le = ,ri = len2-;
while(le <= ri) swap(s2[le],s2[ri]),le++,ri--;
// cout<<s2<<endl;
for(int i=; i<len2; i++){
if(s2[i] == 'S')s2[i] = 'P';
else if(s2[i] == 'R')s2[i] = 'S';
else s2[i] = 'R';
}
solve('R'),solve('S'),solve('P');
int mx = ;
for(int i=; i<=len1+len2; i++) mx = max(mx, ans[i]);
printf("%d\n", mx);
return ;
}
Gym-101667H